Swelling behavior and mechanical properties of Chitosan-Poly(N-vinyl-pyrrolidone) hydrogels
-
Emil Budianto
und
Annissa Amalia
Abstract
In this research, three modified chitosan-based hydrogels are synthesized, i.e., a crosslinked chitosan hydrogel and semi- and fully-interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) chitosan hydrogels fabricated using poly(N-vinyl-pyrrolidone). A non-modified chitosan hydrogel was also synthesized as a control. These samples were compared regarding their swelling behavior and mechanical properties. The hydrogels were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis and microscopy observations. The effect of crosslinking on the swelling capacity and on the swelling kinetics were evaluated in distilled water, simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) at 37 °C, and the data were interpreted using various kinetic models. Finally, the mechanical properties were evaluated based on the tensile strength using a universal tensile testing machine. The results revealed that the swelling process conformed to the Schott model (pseudo-second-order kinetics), with Fickian diffusion as the diffusion mechanism type. The hydrogels all showed similar trends in their swelling kinetics. However, the full-IPN hydrogel exhibited the lowest equilibrium swelling capacity and the highest swelling rate. The mechanical test results indicate that the crosslinking model affects the resulting tensile strength.
Funding source: Universitas Indonesia
Award Identifier / Grant number: NKB-0026/UN2.R3.1/HKP.05.00/2019
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank the Department of Chemistry and the Biomedical Engineering Laboratory of Universitas Indonesia for their support and for the access to their instrumental facilities.
Author contribution: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: This work was supported by the PIT (Publikasi Internasional Terindeks) 9 2019 of Universitas Indonesia [grant number NKB-0026/UN2.R3.1/HKP.05.00/2019].
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
References
1. Devi, A., Nautiyal, U., Kaur, S., Komal, K. Hydrogels: a smart drug delivery device. Asian Pac. J. Health Sci. 2018, 1, 92–105; https://doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2014.1.1s.19.Suche in Google Scholar
2. Hamidi, M., Azadi, A., Rafiei, P. Hydrogel nanoparticles in drug delivery. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 2008, 60, 1638–1649; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2008.08.002.Suche in Google Scholar
3. Nnamani, P. O., Kenechukwu, F. C., Anugwolu, C. L., Obumneme, A. C., Attama, A. A. Characterization and controlled release of gentamicin from novel hydrogels based on Poloxamer 407 and polyacrylic acids. Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 2013, 7, 2540–2552; https://doi.org/10.5897/AJPP2013.3803.Suche in Google Scholar
4. Aminabhavi, T. M., Nadagouda, M. N., More, U. A., Joshi, S. D., Kulkarni, V. H., Noolvi, M. N., Kulkarni, P. V. Controlled release of therapeutics using interpenetrating polymeric networks. Expet Opin. Drug Deliv. 2014, 12, 669–688; https://doi.org/10.1517/17425247.2014.974871.Suche in Google Scholar
5. Bhardwaj, V., Harit, G., Kumar, S. Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN): novel approach in drug delivery. Int. J. Drug Dev. Res. 2012, 4, 41–54.Suche in Google Scholar
6. Vunain, E., Mishra, A. K., Mamba, B. B. In Chitosan Based Biomaterials; Jennings, J. A., Bumgardner, J. D., Eds. Woodhead Publishing: Cambridge, 2017; p. 3.10.1016/B978-0-08-100230-8.00001-7Suche in Google Scholar
7. Liu, X., Xu, Y., Wu, Z., Chen, H. Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)-modified surfaces for biomedical applications. Macromol. Biosci. 2013, 13, 147–154; https://doi.org/10.1002/mabi.201200269.Suche in Google Scholar
8. Vaghani, S. S., Patel, M. M. pH-sensitive hydrogels based on semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) of chitosan and polyvinyl pyrrolidone for clarithromycin release. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. 2011, 37, 1160–1169; https://doi.org/10.3109/03639045.2011.563422.Suche in Google Scholar
9. Risbud, M. V., Hardikar, A. A., Bhat, S. V., Bhonde, R. R. pH-sensitive freeze-dried chitosan–polyvinyl pyrrolidone hydrogels as controlled release system for antibiotic delivery. J. Contr. Release 2000, 68, 23–30; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-3659(00)00208-X.Suche in Google Scholar
10. Rositaningsih, N., Budianto, E. Characteristic of Starch-Poly(N-Vinyl-Pyrrolidone) for an encapsulation material in floating drug delivery system. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2017, 191, 012011; https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/191/1/012011.Suche in Google Scholar
11. Wivanius, N., Budianto, E. Sintesis dan karakterisasi hidrogel superabsorben kitosan Poli(N-Vinilkaprolaktam) (Pnvcl) dengan metode full IPN (Interpenetrating Polymer Network). Pharmaceut. Sci. Res. 2015, 2, 152–168; https://doi.org/10.7454/psr.v2i3.3483.Suche in Google Scholar
12. Gharekhani, H., Olad, A., Mirmohseni, A., Bybordi, A. Superabsorbent hydrogel made of NaAlg-g-poly(AA-co-AAm) and rice husk ash: synthesis, characterization, and swelling kinetic studies. Carbohydr. Polym. 2017, 168, 1–13; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.03.047.Suche in Google Scholar
13. Dixit, A., Bag, D. S., Kalra, S. J. S. Synthesis of strong and stretchable double network (DN) hydrogels of PVA-borax and P(AM-co-HEMA) and study of their swelling kinetics and mechanical properties. Polymer 2017, 119, 263–273; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2017.05.002.Suche in Google Scholar
14. Wang, T., Turhan, M., Gunasekaran, S. Selected properties of pH-sensitive, biodegradable chitosan–poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel. Polym. Int. 2004, 53, 911–918; https://doi.org/10.1002/pi.1461.Suche in Google Scholar
15. Yi, H., Wu, L. Q., Bentley, W. E., Ghodssi, R., Rubloff, G. W., Culver, J. N., Payne, G. F. Biofabrication with chitosan. Biomacromolecules 2005, 6, 2881–2894; https://doi.org/10.1021/bm050410l.Suche in Google Scholar
16. Schott, H. Swelling kinetics of polymers. J. Macromol. Sci. Part B 1992, 31, 1–9; https://doi.org/10.1080/00222349208215453.Suche in Google Scholar
17. Costa-Júnior, E. S., Barbosa-Stancioli, E. F., Mansur, A. A. P., Vasconcelos, W. L., Mansur, H. S. Preparation and characterization of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) chemically crosslinked blends for biomedical applications. Carbohydr. Polym. 2009, 76, 472–481; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.11.015.Suche in Google Scholar
18. Yeng, C. M., Husseinsyah, S., Ting, S. S. Effect of cross-linking agent on tensile properties of chitosan/corn cob biocomposite films. Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2015, 54, 270–275; https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2014.977090.Suche in Google Scholar
19. Bumgardner, J. D., Murali, V. P., Su, H., Jenkins, O. D., Velasquez-Pulgarin, D., Jennings, J. A., Sivashanmugam, A., Jayakumar, R. In Chitosan Based Biomaterials; Jennings, J. A, and Bumgardner, J. D, Eds. Woodhead Publishing: Cambridge, 2017; p. 81.10.1016/B978-0-08-100230-8.00004-2Suche in Google Scholar
20. Rizwan, M., Yahya, R., Hassan, A., Yar, M., Azzahari, A. D., Selvanathan, V., Abouloula, C. N. pH sensitive hydrogels in drug delivery: brief history, properties, swelling, and release mechanism, material selection and applications. Polymers 2017, 9, 1–37; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym9040137.Suche in Google Scholar
21. Martínez-Vázquez, N., Antonio-Cruz, R. C., Alvarez-Castillo, A., Mendoza-Martinez, A. M., Morales-Cepeda, A. Swelling kinetic of hydrogels from methyl cellulose and poly(acrylamide). Rev. Mexic. Ingen. Quím. 2007, 6, 337–345. http://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/rmiq/v6n3/v6n3a14.pdf.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Material properties
- Effects of ethanol content on the properties of silicone rubber foam
- Swelling behavior and mechanical properties of Chitosan-Poly(N-vinyl-pyrrolidone) hydrogels
- Microcellular foaming behavior of ether- and ester-based TPUs blown with supercritical CO2
- Influence of chain interaction and ordered structures in polymer dispersed liquid crystalline membranes on thermal conductivity
- Experimental investigations on compressive, impact and prediction of stress-strain of fly ash-geopolymer and portland cement concrete
- Preparation and assembly
- Fabrication of poly (1, 8-octanediol-co-Pluronic F127 citrate)/chitin nanofibril/bioactive glass (POFC/ChiNF/BG) porous scaffold via directional-freeze-casting
- Engineering and processing
- Continuous reactors of frontal polymerization in flow for the synthesis of polyacrylamide hydrogels with prescribed properties
- Effect of slot end faces on the three-dimensional airflow field from the melt-blowing die
- Experimental and numerical study of the crushing behavior of pultruded composite tube structure
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Material properties
- Effects of ethanol content on the properties of silicone rubber foam
- Swelling behavior and mechanical properties of Chitosan-Poly(N-vinyl-pyrrolidone) hydrogels
- Microcellular foaming behavior of ether- and ester-based TPUs blown with supercritical CO2
- Influence of chain interaction and ordered structures in polymer dispersed liquid crystalline membranes on thermal conductivity
- Experimental investigations on compressive, impact and prediction of stress-strain of fly ash-geopolymer and portland cement concrete
- Preparation and assembly
- Fabrication of poly (1, 8-octanediol-co-Pluronic F127 citrate)/chitin nanofibril/bioactive glass (POFC/ChiNF/BG) porous scaffold via directional-freeze-casting
- Engineering and processing
- Continuous reactors of frontal polymerization in flow for the synthesis of polyacrylamide hydrogels with prescribed properties
- Effect of slot end faces on the three-dimensional airflow field from the melt-blowing die
- Experimental and numerical study of the crushing behavior of pultruded composite tube structure
