Abstract
The study represents a review of the evolution of the parasitic plant Orobanche cumana Wallr. and current racial status in some sunflower cultivating countries. Identification of racial status of broomrape populations belonging to eight sunflower cultivating countries from Europe and Asia (Republic of Moldova, Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Spain, Turkey, Serbia and China) revealed the presence of high virulent races G and H in the majority of countries, except Serbia, where accessions belonging to race E or less virulent than E were found. The most virulent race H was identified particularly in the Black Sea area (Romania, Ukraine and Turkey). Additionally, the emergence of new biotypes characterized by high virulence, overcoming the resistance genes to race H was observed in some areas of the Republic of Moldova, Romania and Turkey, which signifies the importance of periodic evaluations of racial status for the prevention of occurrence and dissemination of new races. Analyzing the occurrence chronology of broomrape races in different countries we conclude that by the mid-1990s, the state of play was relatively stable, the most aggressive race being E. After this period the process of O. cumana development and appearance of new more aggressive and virulent biotypes became faster, which may be explained by the intensification of sunflower breeding activities and, respectively by the selection pressure exerted on the parasite by new resistant hybrids.
Funding source: National Agency for Research and Development, Republic of Moldova
Award Identifier / Grant number: National research project 20.80009.5107.01
Acknowledgments
We thank prof. Maria Pacureanu-Joita (National Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Fundulea, Romania), dr. Luxita Risnoveanu (Agricultural Research and Development Station of Braila, Romania), prof. Yalcin Kaya (Trakya University, Turkey), prof. Leonardo Velasco (Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Córdoba, Spain), prof. Valentina Encheva (Dobrudja Agricultural Institute, Bulgaria), prof. Dragana Miladinovic (Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia) and prof. Jun Zhao (Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, China) for providing broomrape seeds samples for the research.
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Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: This study was supported by the national research project 20.80009.5107.01 “Genetico-molecular and biotechnological studies of the sunflower in the context of sustainable management of agricultural ecosystems”, funded by the National Agency for Research and Development, Republic of Moldova.
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
 
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© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
 - Research Articles
 - Racial status of Orobanche cumana Wallr. in some countries other the world
 - Study of the possibilities of using sunflower lines with different colours of seeds to create poultry feed
 - Competitive ability of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) breeding material under Cyperus rotundus infestation
 - Genotype by environment interaction and association of yield contributing traits in sunflower genotypes under the environmental condition of Sargodha, Pakistan
 - Utilization of wild species for diversifying the cytoplasmic male sterility source of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids
 - Oil-con hybrids as a potential tool to prevent eared dove damage to sunflower crops
 - Correlation studies among morphological and yield-related traits in sunflower
 
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
 - Research Articles
 - Racial status of Orobanche cumana Wallr. in some countries other the world
 - Study of the possibilities of using sunflower lines with different colours of seeds to create poultry feed
 - Competitive ability of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) breeding material under Cyperus rotundus infestation
 - Genotype by environment interaction and association of yield contributing traits in sunflower genotypes under the environmental condition of Sargodha, Pakistan
 - Utilization of wild species for diversifying the cytoplasmic male sterility source of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids
 - Oil-con hybrids as a potential tool to prevent eared dove damage to sunflower crops
 - Correlation studies among morphological and yield-related traits in sunflower