Abstract
Repetition is a natural phenomenon employed to perform a variety of cognitive, psychological, interactional, stylistic, didactic and pragmatic functions in spoken and written discourse. Adopting the method of discourse analysis, the study attempts to explore the pragmatic functions of repetitions as used in spoken dialect narrative discourse.
On a propositional level, only those repetitions which establish and maintain co-reference are necessary, all other forms seem to be redundant. However, if we take into account their pragmatic functions, they are not, as the data gathered in the study show. In fact, speakers use them, deliberately or not, as an effective communication strategy in the following functions: to extend the planning time to find a suitable lexeme, to enhance the importance of a lexeme, to emphasize the length of an event, after an interruption, to eliminate uncertainty and to confirm the correctness of the co-speaker’s statement. They also reveal the speakers emotions, like his/her emotional shock, and are used as a part of the so-called conversational duet.
The data include the transcripts of the interviews with 6 dialect speakers in the Brda/Collio region, western Slovenia.
Abbreviations and marks
- Br.
= the Briško dialect
- Friul.
= Friulian
- [xxx]
marks the missing text
- əəə
marks filled pause
- …
marks false start and/or hesitation
- *xxx*
marks overlapping speech
- /
marks pause
- /.../
marks the omitted text
References
Chiari, Isabella. 2007. Redundancy elimination: The case of artificial languages. Journal of Universal Language 8: 7–38.10.22425/jul.2007.8.2.7Suche in Google Scholar
Bamford, Julia. 2000. You can say that again: Repetition in discourse Bologna: Clueb.Suche in Google Scholar
Barbaresi Merlini, Lavinia. 1996. Markedness reversal in dialogic repetition. In Repetition in dialogue 104–118, ed. Carla Bazzanella (Beiträge zur Dialogforschung 11). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer.Suche in Google Scholar
Bazzanella, Carla. 2011. Redundancy, repetition, and intensity in discourse. Language Sciences 33: 243–254.10.1016/j.langsci.2010.10.002Suche in Google Scholar
Beaman, Karen. 1984. Coordination and subordination revisited: Syntactic complexity in spoken and written narrative discourse. In Coherence in spoken and written discourse 45–80, ed. Deborah Tannen. Norwood (New Yersey): Ablex.Suche in Google Scholar
Beaugrande, Robert de, Wolfgang Ulrich Dressler, Aleksandra Derganc & Tjaša Miklič. 1992. Uvod v besediloslovje [Introduction to text linguistics]. Ljubljana: Park.Suche in Google Scholar
Biber, Douglas, Stig Johannsson, Geoffrey Leech, Susan Conrad & Edward Finegan. 2000. The Longman grammar of spoken and written English Harlow: Longman.Suche in Google Scholar
Bublitz, Wolfram. 1996. I bought a freezer – you’ve bought a freezer – they’ve brought a freezer. Repetition as a text-building device. In Repetition in dialogue 16–28, ed. Carla Bazzanella (Beiträge zur Dialogforschung 11). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer.Suche in Google Scholar
Cameron, Deborah. 2004. Working with spoken discourse London/New Delhi: Sage.Suche in Google Scholar
Coates, Jennifer. 1995. The negotiation of coherence in face-to-face interaction. Some examples from the extreme bounds. In Coherence in spontaneous text 41– 58, eds. Ann Morton Gernsbacher & Thomas Givón. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.10.1075/tsl.31.03coaSuche in Google Scholar
Egner, Inge. 1996. Other-repetition in question form. In Repetition in dialogue 66– 77, ed. Carla Bazzanella (Beiträge zur Dialogforschung 11). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer.Suche in Google Scholar
Feldman, Fleisher Carol & David Kalmar. 1996. You can’t step in the same river twice. In Repetition in dialogue 78–89, ed. Carla Bazzanella (Beiträge zur Dialogforschung 11). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer.Suche in Google Scholar
Gaëtanelle Gilquin & Sylvie De Cock 2013. Errors and disfluencies in spoken corpora: Setting the scene. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 16: 141– 172.10.1075/ijcl.16.2.01gilSuche in Google Scholar
Genç, Bilal, Mustafa Mavaşoğlu & Erdoğan Bada. 2010. Types and functions of repetitions in the narrations of Turkish speakers of French. Novitas-ROYAL (Research on Youth and Language) 4 (2): 216–224. pdfs.semantic scholar. org/5ae7/ 29aa4fcbf72bf74de5ecc6b1fd7265b1b329.pdf (acc. 22 Feb 2018).Suche in Google Scholar
Götz, Sandra. 2013. Fluency in native and nonnative English speech (Studies in Corpus Linguistics 53). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.10.1075/scl.53Suche in Google Scholar
Gráf, Tomáš. 2017. Repeats in advanced spoken English of learners with Czech as L1. Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Philologica 3Phonetica Pragensia 65–78.10.14712/24646830.2017.34Suche in Google Scholar
Gumperz, John. 1992. Discourse strategies (Studies in interactional sociolinguistics 1). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Suche in Google Scholar
Johnstone, Barbara. 1994. Repetition in discourse. Interdisciplinary perspectives. In Advances in discourse processes 1–20, ed. Barbara Johnstone. New Jersey: Ablex.Suche in Google Scholar
Halliday, Michael Alexander Kirkwood & Ruqaiya Hasan. 1976. Cohesion in English. London/New York: Longman.Suche in Google Scholar
Halliday, Michael Alexander Kirkwood. 1994. An introduction to functional grammar. London: Edward Arnold.Suche in Google Scholar
Kjellmer, Goran. 2008. Self-repetition in spoken English discourse. In The dynamics of linguistic variation: Corpus evidence on English past and present 37–60, eds. Terttu Nevalainen, Irma Taavitsainen, Päivi Pahta & Minna Korhonen (Studies in Language Variation 2). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.10.1075/silv.2.06kjeSuche in Google Scholar
Leech, Geoffrey. 2000. Grammar of spoken English: New outcomes of corpus-oriented Research. Language Learning 50: 675–72.10.1111/0023-8333.00143Suche in Google Scholar
Leinfellner-Rupertsberger, Elisabeth. 1989. Connexity, coherence, and the semantic net. In Text and discourse connectedness 463–481, eds. Maria-Elisabeth Conte, Jànos S. Petöfi & Emel Sözel. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.10.1075/slcs.16.37leiSuche in Google Scholar
Merritt, Marilyn. 1994. Repetition in situated discourse. Exploring its forms and functions. In Advances in discourse processes 23–36, ed. Barbara Johnstone. New Jersey: Ablex.Suche in Google Scholar
Mönnink, Johan. Repeating as monitoring. In Repetition in dialogue 120–128, ed. Carla Bazzanella (Beiträge zur Dialogforschung 11). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer.Suche in Google Scholar
Norrick, Neal. 1987. Functions of repetition in conversation. Text 7: 245–264.10.1515/text.1.1987.7.3.245Suche in Google Scholar
Perrin, Laurent, Denise Deshaies & Claude Paradis. 2003. Pragmatic functions of local diaphonic repetitions in conversation. Journal of Pragmatics 23: 1843–1860.10.1016/S0378-2166(03)00117-6Suche in Google Scholar
Rees, M. Agnes van. 1996. Functions of repetition in informal discourse. In Repetition in dialogue 141–155, ed. Carla Bazzanella (Beiträge zur Dialogforschung 11). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer.Suche in Google Scholar
Schegloff, Emanuel. 1996. Confirming allusions: Toward an empirical account of action. American Journal of Sociology 102: 161–216.10.1086/230911Suche in Google Scholar
Schegloff, Emanuel. 1997. Practices and actions: Boundary cases of other-initiated repair. Dicourse Processes 23: 499–545.10.1080/01638539709545001Suche in Google Scholar
Tannen, Deborah. l987a. Repetition in conversation: Toward a poetics of talk. Language 63: 574–605.10.1017/CBO9780511618987.004Suche in Google Scholar
Tannen, Deborah. l987b. Repetition in conversation as spontaneous formulaicity. Text 87: 215–243.10.1515/text.1.1987.7.3.215Suche in Google Scholar
Tannen, Deborah. 2007. Talking voices. Repetition, dialogue, and imagery in conversational discourse (Studies in Interactional Linguistics 6). Washington DC: Georgetown University.10.1017/CBO9780511618987Suche in Google Scholar
Zuljan Kumar, Danila. 2006. Ponovitev kot potrditev in konverzacijski duet [Repetition as confirmation and conversational duet]. In Diahronija in sinhronija v dialektoloških raziskavah 432–438, eds. Mihaela Koletnik & Vera Smole (Zora 41). Maribor: Zora.Suche in Google Scholar
Zuljan Kumar, Danila. 2007. Narečni diskurz [Dialect discourse]. Ljubljana: Založba ZRC.10.3986/9789612540050Suche in Google Scholar
Zuljan Kumar, Danila. 2014. Podredne stavčne strukture v nadiškem in briškem narečju [Subordinate Clausal Structures in the briško and the nadiško dialects]. Annales: anali za istrske in mediteranske študije, Series historia et sociologia 24/2: 331–342.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Obituary / Nécrologie / Nachruf
- In memoriam Mario Alinei (1926–2018)
- Articles / Articulos / Articles / Artikel
- Ther varom mid j hia: Tracing linguistic diffusion in the history of Norwegian using kernel density estimation
- Latgalian surnames as a source of research in dialectology and language contact studies
- The geolinguistics of the Ibero-Romance comitative
- The sub-dialects of South-Western Kurzeme from a historical perspective
- EDD Online: What is new in its latest version 3.0
- Pragmatic functions of repetitions in spontaneous spoken dialect discourse
- Competing norms of standard pronunciation. Phonetic analyses on the ‹-ig›-variation in Austria
- Besprechungen – Comptes rendus – Reseñas – Reviews
- Atlante linguistico italiano, vol. IX: La Società (In strada; veicoli e viaggi; alla fontana, all’osteria), carte 832–951. Turin: Istituto dell’Atlante Linguistico Italiano. 2018
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Obituary / Nécrologie / Nachruf
- In memoriam Mario Alinei (1926–2018)
- Articles / Articulos / Articles / Artikel
- Ther varom mid j hia: Tracing linguistic diffusion in the history of Norwegian using kernel density estimation
- Latgalian surnames as a source of research in dialectology and language contact studies
- The geolinguistics of the Ibero-Romance comitative
- The sub-dialects of South-Western Kurzeme from a historical perspective
- EDD Online: What is new in its latest version 3.0
- Pragmatic functions of repetitions in spontaneous spoken dialect discourse
- Competing norms of standard pronunciation. Phonetic analyses on the ‹-ig›-variation in Austria
- Besprechungen – Comptes rendus – Reseñas – Reviews
- Atlante linguistico italiano, vol. IX: La Società (In strada; veicoli e viaggi; alla fontana, all’osteria), carte 832–951. Turin: Istituto dell’Atlante Linguistico Italiano. 2018