Effect of operating parameters on the sludge settling characteristics by treatment of the textile dyeing effluent using electrocoagulation
-
Abhinesh Kumar Prajapati
,
Jitendra Patidar
Abstract
This study invested the impact of the operational parameters (pH, Current Density (CD) and Electrode Gap (EG)) on the sludge generated after electrocoagulation treatment of textile dyeing effluent (TDE) by studying sludge settleability and filterability characteristics of EC generated sludge. Electrocoagulation treatment evaluated at laboratory scale with aluminum as electrode material at operating condition of parameters of pH, CD and EG. (pH-5.5, CD-105.12 A/m2 and EG-2.5 cm). Under these operating conditions, maximum COD reduction was achieved 88.45 % and maximum color reduction was about 66.92 %. Settling characteristics of TDE was studied by sludge volume index (SVI) and Centrifugal settleability index (CSI). From disposal point of view, filterability characteristic was also studied by simple gravity filtration method. Specific cake resistance, α (m/kg), filter medium resistance, Rm(m−1) was also studied. The specific cake resistance was found in the order of 38.4 × 1013 >34.13 × 1013 >22.25 × 1013 >11.19 × 1013 >7.30 × 1013 (m/kg) at the pH 9.5, 7.5, 1.5, 5.5 and 3.5 respectively. While filter medium resistance was found to be 111.22 × 109, 92.28 × 109, 82.33 × 109, 41.38 × 109 and 13.87 × 109 m−1 at pH 7.5, 9.5, 3.5, 5.5 and 1.5 respectively.
-
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
-
Research funding: None declared.
-
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
References
1. Prajapati, AK, Chaudhari, PK. Electrochemical treatment of rice grain-based distillery effluent: chemical oxygen demand and color removal. Environ Technol 2014;35:242–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2013.824507.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
2. NITI Aayog Annual Report, 2020 – 2021. An autonomus body under Indian government. New Delhi; 2021. Available from: http://niti.gov.in/annual-reports.Suche in Google Scholar
3. CPCB. Pollution control acts, rules and notifications issued there under. Delhi, India: Central Pollution Control Board; 2006.Suche in Google Scholar
4. Sen, S, Prajapati, AK, Bannatwala, A, Pal, D. Electrocoagulation treatment of industrial wastewater including textile dyeing effluent–a review. Desalin Water Treat 2019;161:21–34. https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2019.24302.Suche in Google Scholar
5. Sen, S, Pal, D, Prajapati, AK. Efficient treatment of textile dyeing effluent by electrocoagulation process using aluminium electrode. Desalin Water Treat 2020;185:375–83. https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2020.25467.Suche in Google Scholar
6. Verma, SK, Khandegar, V, Saroha, AK. Removal of chromium from electroplating industry effluent using electrocoagulation. J Hazard Toxic Radioact Waste 2013;17:146–52. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)hz.2153-5515.0000170.Suche in Google Scholar
7. Yemane, GA, Zewge, F, Yohannes, T, Kebede, S. Investigation of cotton textile industry wastewater treatment with electrocoagulation process: performance, mineralization, and kinetic study. Water Sci Technol 2022;85:1549–67. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2022.061.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
8. Asfaha, YG, Tekile, AK, Zewge, F. Hybrid process of electrocoagulation and electrooxidation system for wastewater treatment: a review. Clean Eng Technol 2021;4:100261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2021.100261.Suche in Google Scholar
9. Clesceri, L, Greenberg, AE, Trussell, RR, editors. Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, 17th ed. Washington DC: American Public Health Association; 2005.Suche in Google Scholar
10. Richardson, JF, Harker, JH, Backhurst, JR. Coulson and richardson’s chemical engineering. Particle technology & separation processes, 5th ed. Chennai: Elsevier–A Division of Reed Elsevier India; 1990, vol 2.Suche in Google Scholar
11. Samhan, D, Ghobrial, F, Musainia, S, Hamoda, MF. Wastewater sludge characteristics in relation to potential dewatering technology – a case study. J Environ Sci Health A 1990;25:367–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/10934529009375564.Suche in Google Scholar
12. Richardson, JF, Harker, JH, Backhurst, JR. Chemical engineering, particle technology & separation processes, 5th ed. Chennai: Elsevier India Pvt. Ltd.; 2003, vol 2.Suche in Google Scholar
13. Foust, AS. Principles of unit operations. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1960.Suche in Google Scholar
14. Merta, H, Zioło, J. Thickener cascade with various thickening ratios. Chem Eng Sci 1989;44:2751–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(89)85218-2.Suche in Google Scholar
15. Fitch, B. Kynch theory and compression zones. AIChE J 1983;29:940–7. https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690290611.Suche in Google Scholar
16. Font, R. Calculation of the compression zone height in continuous thickeners. AIChE J 1990;36:3–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690360103.Suche in Google Scholar
17. Larue, O, Vorobiev, E. Floc size estimation in iron induced coagulation using sedimentation data. Int J Miner Process 2003;1629:1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-7516(03)00026-7.Suche in Google Scholar
18. Hakizimana, JN, Gourich, B, Chafi, M, Stiriba, Y, Vial, C, Drogui, P, et al.. Electrocoagulation process in water treatment: a review of electrocoagulation modeling approaches. Desalination 2017;404:1–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.10.011.Suche in Google Scholar
19. Richardson, JF, Zaki, WN. Sedimentation and fluidization. Trans Inst Chem Eng 1954;32:35.Suche in Google Scholar
20. Yoshioka, N, Hotta, Y, Tanaka, S, Naito, S, Tsugami, S. Continuous thickening of homogeneous flocculated slurries. Kagaku Kogaku 1957;21:66. https://doi.org/10.1252/kakoronbunshu1953.21.66.Suche in Google Scholar
21. Thomas, DG. Turbulent disruption of flocs in small particle size suspensions. AIChE J 1964;10:517. https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690100420.Suche in Google Scholar
22. Steinour, HH. Rate of sedimentation. Ind Eng Chem 1944;36:618–24. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50415a005.Suche in Google Scholar
23. MaCabe, WL, Smith, JC, Harriot, P. Unit operations of chemical engineering, 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2001.Suche in Google Scholar
24. Gale, RS, Baskerville, RC. Capillary suction method for determination of the filtration properties of a solid/liquid suspension. Chem Ind 1967;9:355–6.Suche in Google Scholar
25. Barnes, D, Bliss, PJ, Gould, BW, Vallentine, HR. Water and wastewater engineering systems. New York: Pitman Publishing Inc; 1981.Suche in Google Scholar
26. Prajapati, AK, Chaudhari, PK. Electrochemical treatment of rice grain based distillery biodigester effluent. Chem Eng Technol 2014;37:65–72. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201300035.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Review
- A review of frictional pressure drop characteristics of single phase microchannels having different shapes of cross sections
- Research Articles
- Taguchi L16 (44) orthogonal array-based study and thermodynamics analysis for electro-Fenton process treatment of textile industrial dye
- Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Aspergillus flavus and their antibacterial performance
- Prediction of effect of wind speed on air pollution level using machine learning technique
- Model-based evaluation of heat of combustion using the degree of reduction
- Enhanced design of PI controller with lead-lag filter for unstable and integrating plus time delay processes
- Effect of operating parameters on the sludge settling characteristics by treatment of the textile dyeing effluent using electrocoagulation
- Simultaneous charging and discharging of metal foam composite phase change material in triplex-tube latent heat storage system under various configurations
- Optimal design of pressure swing adsorption units for hydrogen recovery under uncertainty
- Thermo-kinetics, thermodynamics, and ANN modeling of the pyrolytic behaviours of Corn Cob, Husk, Leaf, and Stalk using thermogravimetric analysis
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Review
- A review of frictional pressure drop characteristics of single phase microchannels having different shapes of cross sections
- Research Articles
- Taguchi L16 (44) orthogonal array-based study and thermodynamics analysis for electro-Fenton process treatment of textile industrial dye
- Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Aspergillus flavus and their antibacterial performance
- Prediction of effect of wind speed on air pollution level using machine learning technique
- Model-based evaluation of heat of combustion using the degree of reduction
- Enhanced design of PI controller with lead-lag filter for unstable and integrating plus time delay processes
- Effect of operating parameters on the sludge settling characteristics by treatment of the textile dyeing effluent using electrocoagulation
- Simultaneous charging and discharging of metal foam composite phase change material in triplex-tube latent heat storage system under various configurations
- Optimal design of pressure swing adsorption units for hydrogen recovery under uncertainty
- Thermo-kinetics, thermodynamics, and ANN modeling of the pyrolytic behaviours of Corn Cob, Husk, Leaf, and Stalk using thermogravimetric analysis
