Catalytic Sol Assisted Dense Pd/γ-Al2O3 Membrane using Modified Electroless Plating: Effect of Process on Surface Morphology
-
Richa Sharma
Abstract
Palladium membranes are considered ideal for high purity hydrogen separation owing to their infinite selectivity to hydrogen. The key to such selectivity depends on the dense surface of the membrane that suggests absolute non-porous surface morphology. However, preparation of dense palladium membranes irrespective of any deposition technique leads to pit formation which makes synthesis of dense palladium membrane challenging. The current study illustrates the application of electroless plating assisted with novel catalytic sol pre-coating to prepare dense Pd membranes. The surface characterization using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were performed to identify the gaps between dip coating and electroless plating. It was observed that with the use of a dip coated catalytic sol, thinner and well dispersed Pd deposits could be prepared. The porosity of deposited Pd layers does not affect the essential densification property as sol surface underneath dispersed Pd remains dense.
References
1. Ayturk ME, Ma YH. Electroless Pd and Ag deposition kinetics of the composite Pd and Pd/Ag membranes synthesized from agitated plating baths. J Memb Sci 2009;330:233–245.10.1016/j.memsci.2008.12.062Suche in Google Scholar
2. Bhandari R, Ma YH. Pd-Ag membrane synthesis: the electroless and electro-plating conditions and their effect on the deposits morphology. J Memb Sci 2009;334:50–63.10.1016/j.memsci.2009.02.014Suche in Google Scholar
3. Kim D, Kellog A, Livaich E, Wilhite BA. Towards an integrated ceramic micro-membrane network: electroless-plated palladium membranes in cordierite supports. J Memb Sci 2009;340:109–116.10.1016/j.memsci.2009.05.017Suche in Google Scholar
4. Tanaka DA, Tanco MA, Okazaki J, Wakui Y, Mizukami F, Suzuki TM. Preparation of pore fill type Pd-YSZ-γ-Al2O3 composite membrane supported on α-Al2O3 tube for hydrogen separation. J Memb Sci 2008;320:436–441.10.1016/j.memsci.2008.04.044Suche in Google Scholar
5. Tanaka DA, Tanco MA, Niwa S, Wakui Y, Mizukami F, Namba T, et al. Preparation of palladium and silver alloy membrane on a porous α-alumina tube via simultaneous electroless plating. J Memb Sci 2005;247:21–27.10.1016/j.memsci.2004.06.002Suche in Google Scholar
6. Mardilovich IP, Dominguez BC, Kazantzis NK, Wu T, Ma YH. A comprehensive performance assessment study of pilot-scale Pd and Pd/alloy membranes under extended coal derived syngas atmosphere testing. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2015;40:6107–6117.10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.03.001Suche in Google Scholar
7. Tucho WM, Venvik HJ, Stange M, Walmsley JC, Holmestad JC, Bredesen R. Effects of thermal activation on hydrogen permeation properties of thin self-supported Pd/Ag membranes. Separation Purif Technol 2009;68:403–410.10.1016/j.seppur.2009.06.015Suche in Google Scholar
8. Huang Y, Dittmeyer R. Preparation and characterization of composite palladium membranes on sinter metal supports with a ceramic barrier against intermetallic diffusion. J Memb Sci 2006;282:296–310.10.1016/j.memsci.2006.05.032Suche in Google Scholar
9. Jayaram V, Lin YS, Pakal M, Lin RY. Fabrication of ultra-thin metallic membranes on ceramic supports by sputter deposition. J Memb Sci 1995;99:89.10.1016/0376-7388(94)00212-HSuche in Google Scholar
10. Yan S, Maeda K, Kusakabe K, Morooka T. Thin palladium membrane formed in support pores by metal organic chemical vapor deposition method and application to hydrogen separation. Ind Eng Chem Res 1994;33:616.10.1021/ie00027a019Suche in Google Scholar
11. Yeung KL, Christiansen SC, Varma A. Palladium composite membranes by electroless plating technique relationships between plating kinetics, film microstructure and membrane performance. J Memb Sci 1999;159:107–122.10.1016/S0376-7388(99)00041-1Suche in Google Scholar
12. Kitiwan M, Atong D. Effect of porous alumina support and plating time on electroless plating of palladium membrane. J Mater Sci 2010;26(12):1148–1152.10.1016/S1005-0302(11)60016-9Suche in Google Scholar
13. Pinacci P, Broglia M, Valli C, Capannelli G, Comitte A. Evaluation of the water gas shift reaction in a palladium membrane reactor. Catalysis Today 2010;156:165–172.10.1016/j.cattod.2010.02.034Suche in Google Scholar
14. Zhang X, Xiong G, Yang W. A modified electroless plating technique for thin dense palladium composite membranes with enhanced stability. J Memb Sci 2008;314:237.10.1016/j.memsci.2008.01.051Suche in Google Scholar
15. Uemiya S, Kude Y, Sugino K, Sato N, Matsuda T, Kikuchi E. A palladium/ porous glass composite membrane for hydrogen separation. Chem Lett 1988;17:1687.10.1246/cl.1988.1687Suche in Google Scholar
16. Collins JP, Way JD. Preparation and characterization of a composite palladium ceramic membrane. Ind Eng Chem Res 1993;51:3027.10.1021/ie00024a008Suche in Google Scholar
17. Miyamoto M, Tokiwa M, Oumi Y, Uemiya S. Effects of adhesion of metals on deterioration of Pd and Pd alloy membranes. J Alloys Compd 2013;577:445–450.10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.06.034Suche in Google Scholar
18. Mardilovich PP, She Y, Ma YH, Rei MH. Defect free palladium membranes on porous stainless steel support. AIChE J 1998;44:310.10.1002/aic.690440209Suche in Google Scholar
19. Lin KS, Chowdhury S, Yeh HP, Hong WT, Yeh CT. Preparation and characterization of CuO/ZnO-Al2O3 catalyst washcoats with CeO2 sols for autothermal reforming of methanol in a microreactor. Catalysis Today 2011;164:251–256.10.1016/j.cattod.2010.11.038Suche in Google Scholar
© 2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Application of Sinusoidal Function and a 25–1 Fractional Factorial Array in the Kinetics and Optimization Study of Gmelina Seed Oil Modified Alkyd Resin Synthesis
- Fuzzy Multivariable Control Strategy Applied to a Refrigeration System
- Mass Transfer Parameters and Modeling of Hot Air Drying Kinetics of Dill Leaves
- Catalytic Sol Assisted Dense Pd/γ-Al2O3 Membrane using Modified Electroless Plating: Effect of Process on Surface Morphology
- Temperature and Concentration Dependence of Viscosity of Binary Mixtures of PEG-1000 + water
- Analysis of a Nonlinear Model of Heat Transfer Through a Rectangular Fin: Exact Solutions and Their Multiplicity
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Application of Sinusoidal Function and a 25–1 Fractional Factorial Array in the Kinetics and Optimization Study of Gmelina Seed Oil Modified Alkyd Resin Synthesis
- Fuzzy Multivariable Control Strategy Applied to a Refrigeration System
- Mass Transfer Parameters and Modeling of Hot Air Drying Kinetics of Dill Leaves
- Catalytic Sol Assisted Dense Pd/γ-Al2O3 Membrane using Modified Electroless Plating: Effect of Process on Surface Morphology
- Temperature and Concentration Dependence of Viscosity of Binary Mixtures of PEG-1000 + water
- Analysis of a Nonlinear Model of Heat Transfer Through a Rectangular Fin: Exact Solutions and Their Multiplicity
