A soluble form of the macrophage-related mannose receptor (MR/CD206) is present in human serum and elevated in critical illness
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Sidsel Rødgaard-Hansen
Abstract
Background: This study tests the hypothesis that the mannose receptor (MR/CD206), which is expressed primarily by macrophages and dendritic cells, can be found in a soluble form (sMR, sMR) in human serum. Furthermore, we wished to establish and validate an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for sMR and to perform initial studies exploring the potential of sMR as a biomarker.
Methods: Western blotting identified a single band of approximately 170 kDa in human serum, and MALDI MS/MS of the purified protein confirmed it to be sMR. An ELISA was established and validated with a measurement range of 1–256 µg/L.
Results: The 95% reference interval was 0.10–0.43 mg/L based on measurements of serum samples from healthy individuals (n=217). Samples from hospitalised patients (n=219) revealed that more than 50% of patients had concentrations above 0.43 mg/L. Very high concentrations (up to 6.2 mg/L) were observed in critically ill patients with sepsis and/or severe liver disease.
Conclusions: This study documents, for the first time, the presence of sMR in human serum and describes an optimised ELISA suitable for quantitative measurements. Levels of sMR are strongly elevated in several disease states, including sepsis and liver disease, and the protein therefore shows promise as a new biomarker.
We thank laboratory technician Kirsten Bank Petersen for excellent technical assistance and The Danish Council for Strategic Research Funding (TRAIN 10-092797).
Conflict of interest statement
Authors’ conflict of interest disclosure: The authors stated that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this article.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: Aarhus University holds patent applications for the use of sMR as a biomarker with Holger Jon Møller and Sidsel Rødgaard-Hansen as co-investigators.
Honorarium: None declared.
Authorship: SRH: Conception and design, collection of data, analysis and interpretation of data, critical revision of the manuscript, approval of the version to be published. AR: Collection of data, analysis and interpretation of data, critical revision of the manuscript, approval of the version to be published. PAC: Collection of data, analysis and interpretation of data, approval of the version to be published. MBM: Collection of data, analysis of data, approval of the version to be published. TS: Collection of data, analysis of data, approval of the version to be published. EN: Conception and design, interpretation of data, critical revision of the manuscript, approval of the version to be published. HJM: Conception and design, collection of data, analysis and interpretation of data, critical revision of the manuscript, approval of the version to be published, drafting the article.
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- Point of care testing: evolving scenarios and innovative perspectives
- Review
- Point-of-care testing: where is the evidence? A systematic survey
- Mini Review
- Vulnerability of point-of-care test reagents and instruments to environmental stresses: implications for health professionals and developers
- Opinion Paper
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- Optimizing the purification and analysis of miRNAs from urinary exosomes
- General Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
- Extensive study of human insulin immunoassays: promises and pitfalls for insulin analogue detection and quantification
- Absorptive chemistry based extraction for LC-MS/MS analysis of small molecule analytes from biological fluids – an application for 25-hydroxyvitamin D
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