Patronymica Romanica

Written by renowned experts in the field, this book provides a systematic survey of the current research situation and the need for further research on the place names of the different regions of Spain. The bilingual autonomous regions Galicia, Asturias, the Basque Country and Navarra, Catalonia, Valencia and the Balearic Islands are equally covered in the book, making it an indispensable reference not only for scholars of the Romance languages and of Basque but also for specialists in other disciplines such as cartographers, geographers, historians, archeologists, etc.

Resumen sistemático, por reconocidos especialistas, del estado actual y los desiderata del estudio de la toponimia de las diferentes regiones de España. Incluindo con los mismos derechos las Autonomías bilingues de Galicia, Principado de Asturias, País Vasco y Navarra, Catalunya, País Valencià y Illes Balears este vademécum es del mayor interés para romanistas o bascólogos y nada menos para especialistas de otras disciplinas como cartografía, geografía, historia, arqueología, etc.

The Hispano-Romance Dictionary of Names presents a dictionary of personal names with pre-Roman, Greek and Latin-Romance etymology on the Iberian Peninsula in the Middle Ages (6th - 12th centuries). The introduction provides an overview of medieval personal nomenclature (diatopic, diastratic, and socio-historical aspects) and of linguistic structures (etymology, semantics, morphology, word-formation). There are some 1100 entries in the dictionary; besides commentaries on cultural and linguistic history, they contain representative lists of instances of the names from editions of medieval documents. The commentaries deal with etymology, the motives behind names, questions of social and cultural history (e.g. influence of saints’ cults or of rulers), linguistic structure (of particular interest are delexical names and aspects of language contact as evidenced by hybrid formations), diastratic aspects (e.g. names of Jews and Mozarabs, differences between genders and social strata), the spread of the names in Romance countries, further developments in present-day Romance languages, and finally, references to the relevant secondary literature.

Of the lists of taxpayers and other persons compiled by the city of Barcelona in the 14th century, only very few have come down to us. This volume contains the oldest extant examples, stemming from the 1360s. They comprise (a) tax surveys (talles) in the various urban districts of Barcelona, listing the names of the inhabitants and the taxes levied on them, and (b) a list of inhabitants (fogatge) from the surrounding areas of the city, the territori de Barcelona, in which the information on the persons living there served as the basis for counting the number of households (focs).

En la Catalunya de la década de 1360 se realiza una intensa presión fiscal por parte del rey catalano-aragonés, motivada por la apremiante necesidad de hacer frente a los elevados costos que conllevan las constantes guerras que el monarca catalán mantiene con el rey de Castilla. Esta fuerte fiscalidad estatal provocará la aparición de un nuevo impuesto: los "fogatges" o censos de la población contribuyente. El mecanismo de recaudación se realizaba en dos fases: la primera, confeccionando un censo general o "fogatge" donde se estipulaba la suma total a pagar por territorio y en el cual aparecen los nombres de los contribuyentes como meras indicaciones para hacer el recuento, y la segunda la del repartimiento real de esa suma entre los ciudadanos que generó la creación de un nuevo documento denominado "talla" donde aparecía no sólo el nombre del contribuyente, sino también la suma que éste tenía que pagar al Estado. La presente edición mostrará ejemplos de ambas tipologías: por una parte, las "talles" parciales de dos barrios de la ciudad de Barcelona (el más popular del »Mar« y el más señorial del »Pi«) y por otra, el "fogatge" de todos los pueblos colindantes a ella que formaban en el siglo XIV el denominado "territori de Barcelona".

This study on the changes in Spanish forename-giving in the post-Franco era is based on an indirect interrogation of 13 adolescents in different regions of Spain. Against the background of the new Spanish legislation on names, it inquires into various aspects of the issue: the extent to which name-giving still accords with traditional patterns, the continued ubiquity of names based on Maria, the degree to which names are more regionally colored in the autonomous areas of the country, and the existence of a trend toward greater internationalization in the names given. Another central concern is unofficial name-giving. First names, nicknames, short forms, and cognomina are considered both in formal and intensional terms.

This collection assembles 30 contributions to three different colloquia of the international PatRom project. They cover very different issues culled from the entire range of research on Romance proper names and thus provide a comprehensive picture of present-day scholarly engagement with the names of persons in Romance cultures.

Esta colectânea recolhe 30 intervençoes apresentadas no decorrer de três diferentes Colóquios no âmbito do projecto internacional PatRom. Todas elas se debruçam sobre aspectos onomásticos diferenciados, tocando todo o sector da investigaçao onomástica românica, espelhando assim fielmente o trabalho científico actualmente em curso focalizado especificamente nos nomes das pessoas da Romania.

Dieser Band enthält Beiträge zu wichtigen Teildisziplinen der Namenforschung. Der Gewichtung zwischen Sprachforschung und Geschichtswissenschaften kommt in jüngster Zeit große Bedeutung zu. Die Sektion bot die Möglichkeit des Dialogs, im Zentrum stand der Vergleich der Zielsetzungen und der Arbeitsmethoden. In den letzten Jahren hat die literarische Namenforschung einen beachtlichen Aufschwung erlebt. In dieser Sektion wurde anhand exemplarischer Untersuchungen ein Überblick über den Forschungsstand gegeben. Die Namenforschung war lange Zeit auf die Geschichte und die Theorie der Eigennamen konzentriert, das Thema Namenrecht blieb dabei weitgehend unbeachtet. Erst eine sozio- und pragmalinguistisch ausgerichtete Namenforschung lenkte den Blick auf den Zusammenhang Namenpraxis und Namenrecht. Diese Sektion Namenrecht bot erstmals ein Forum für den Austausch zwischen beiden Disziplinen.

Im Anhang sind einige ausgewählte Beiträge des ICOS-Kongresses in Ann Arbor (1981), dessen Akten nie veröffentlicht wurden, abgedruckt.

Der Wörterbuchcharakter vieler namenkundlichen Arbeiten ist ein deutliches Indiz für die Berührungspunkte zwischen Onomastik und Lexikographie. Umgekehrt sieht sich die Lexikographie (und mit ihr die Lexikologie) in mancherlei Hinsicht mit der Frage der Behandlung der Eigennamen konfrontiert. Die Sektionsarbeit ging auf eine Reihe dieser Fragestellungen ein. Das Interesse der Sektion Deonomastik galt appellativischen Lexemen, die auf der Basis von Eigennamen gebildet sind. Hierbei wurden theoretische wie konkrete Aspekte behandelt. Von besonderem Interesse ist die Übersicht über Deonomastika in den einzelnen europäischen Sprachen.

The central concern of Section III »Sociology of Names« is the interdependency between personal namegiving, personal name use, and social structure in various cultures from a diachronic and synchronic perspective. A panel discussion on the subject »Centre and Periphery in Socio-Onomastic Studies« summarizes important findings yielded by research into the sociology of names and naming.

Die Sektionsarbeit gliederte sich in die Bereiche »Das Eigennamensystem als allgemein namentheoretisches Problem« und »Eigennamensysteme konkreter Sprachen«. Die sehr breit gestreuten Beiträge behandeln Namensysteme und Einzelaspekte aller Kontinente.

Die Chronik faßt die wichtigsten Programmpunkte zusammen. In der Sektion Namenetymologie und Namengeschichte wurden neben konkreten, überwiegend anthroponymischen Problemen aus dem Bereich von Iberoromania, Frankreich, Italien, Griechenland, Rumänien auch übergreifende Themen wie Wortbildung, Dialektologie oder Kartographie diskutiert. Die Sektion Forschungsprojekte vermittelte einen Überblick über geplante und in Arbeit befindliche, oft bedeutende Projekte unterschiedlichster inhaltlicher und geographischer Ausprägung.

A general description of name-giving and a comprehensive inventory of persons and names in the ›early years‹ of the Portuguese-occupied archipelago of Madeira, plus anthroponymic statistics. After its discovery in 1418, the uninhabited archipelago became a Portuguese settlement. Given its high strategic and economic significance (Age of Discovery; sugar) Madeira quickly attracted traders and settlers from all over Europe. This new society is recorded by name in numerous demographic and administrative documents. The present publication provides both historians (inventory of persons) and onomasiologists (inventory of names, statistical records, general description) with an important resource not hitherto available in this form, which additionally supplies important general insights on Portuguese society in the 15th and 16th centuries.

Inventário das pessoas e dos nomes da primeira fase de povoamento (séculos XV e XVI) do arquipélago da Madeira, pertencente a Portugal, estatísticas antroponímicas e tratado geral sobre a antroponímia madeirense. O povoamento da Madeira, desabitada no momento do seu descobrimento (1418), fez-se a partir de Portugal Continental nele participaram igualmente muitos comerciantes de toda a Europa, tendo sido importados escravos das Canárias e de Africa. Este instrumento de trabalho básico para o historiador e o perito antroponímia serve ao mesmo tempo como introduçao à antroponímia portuguesa, especialmente do século XVI, e como uma primeira visao sobre aspectos da história social portuguesa.

This piece of work is intended as a contribution to the linguistic study of personal names throughout the Late Middle Ages in Galicia (Northwest of the Iberian Peninsula). After exploring several types of sources, non-literary edited documents ranging over a chronological period between the 8th and the 12th centuries were chosen. The compilation of data was carried out after reviewing the original documents in order to correct editing mistakes. The final result consisted of nearly 10000 onomastic sequences, including about 18000 subsequent occurrences. Then, research into the system of personal names and its evolution was initiated. Among the topics explored were the change from the use of a single name to the use of a second name, the creation of this second name by morphological procedures (patronymic suffix -iz, i.e. modern -ez) or through the use of bynames (nicknames, petnames and professional names), place names and ethnic names. This project also offers an etymological study of the data and a dictionary of proper names with more than 2000 entries.

The proceedings of the IX PatRom colloquium (Oviedo 1995), designed to extend the purview of the PatRom project to Asturian (a language situated between Galician and Castilian), assemble studies on a) patronymics in Romance tongues in general (Chambon, DENS) and Asturian in particular (Büchi on names derived from place-names, Maas-Chauveau on names derived from professions, Schmid on sobriquets); b) comparative, Asturian and Romanian onomastics (Sala on names derived from common nouns, Tomescu on names stemming from animal names); c) sociolinguistics (D'Andrés); and d) etymological problems (García Arias). Most of the articles are explicitly methodological, such as that of Chambon (on the subject of Dental).

This study aims at offering an explicatory description of the medieval Asturian anthroponymy from the very first romance documents up to the dawn of the Modern Ages, basically following two aspects: the onomastic system and the repertoire of anthroponymic forms which existed during the Middle Ages, the study of which includes both the strictly linguistic analysis as such and the analysis of the cultural, the anthropological and the religious aspects related to each of the forms, as well as their particular chronology in Asturias, their process of diffusion, their period of utmost use, all of which is based on statistical information obtained from a corpus of over 20,000 people registered in medieval diplomas published between 1200-1500.

This pilot volume serves to present the project entitled "PatRom (Patronymica Romanica - An Historical Dictionary of Patronymics in the Romance Languages)" and assembling 18 research groups from various European Romance countries and Germany (University of Trier). The aim is by the year 2000 to have completed for publication an historical dictionary of personal and family names of delexical origins in the Romance languages. The present volume is a pilot publication acquainting potential scholarly audiences with the dictionary and its aims. The body of the volume takes the form of 47 articles on representatives of lemmatized etymological source names that have taken root in the onomastic stock of the various Romance countries. A substantial introduction traces the historical development of the project and expounds its aims, structures and methods. The work closes with four trial indexes serving three of the articles in the volume.

The study centres around a diachronic qualitative/quantitative investigation (for the period 1876 to 1991) of the forenames of the residents of Rome, a city with a highly variegated population in terms of social classes, cultural affiliations and migration flows. In addition it provides a comparative synchronic analysis of the corresponding public records office data for the residents of Bologna and Palermo as examples of the North and the mezzogiorno of Italy respectively, regions which display tendencies diametrically opposed to those of Rome in onomastic terms. The study is thus both chrono-onomastic and socio-onomastic, with chrono-onomastic referring to the analysis of the distribution of the various name forms over time, and socio-onomastic to the study of the distribution of name forms across the various social, economic and cultural strata of a population.