Reihe
Vetus Testamentum, Supplements
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While the last four years has seen a renewed interest in dress in biblical studies, much of this work focuses on dress as object—what it is, looks like, and who wears it. In consequence, the symbolic and rhetorical function of dress in metaphors is often reduced to its function in “real life.” In response, this study bridges the conversation from what dress is to what dress is doing. By focusing on dress as subject and a concept, this study identifies constellations that hold prophetic metaphors of the investiture/divestiture of dress together with respect to identity formation/deformation, suffering, and destruction.
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This volume presents the main lectures of the 23rd Congress of the International Organization for the Study of the Old Testament (IOSOT) held in Aberdeen, United Kingdom, in August 2019. Twenty internationally distinguished scholars present their current research on the Hebrew Bible, including the literary history of the Hebrew text, its Greek translation, and the history of interpretation. Some focus on the semantic and syntactic features of the biblical text and its impact on cultural memory while others deal with textual witnesses in the Dead Sea scrolls, Ethiopic sources, and Arabic translations. The volume gives readers a representative view of recent research on the Hebrew Bible.
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This volume presents the main lectures of the 22nd Congress of the International Organization for the Study of the Old Testament (IOSOT) held in Stellenbosch, South Africa, in September 2016. Sixteen internationally distinguished scholars present their current research on the Hebrew Bible, including the literary history of the Hebrew text, its Greek translation and history of interpretation. Some focus on archeological and iconographic sources and the reconstruction of ancient Israelite religion while others discuss the formation of the biblical text and its impact for cultural memory. The volume gives readers a representative view of the most recent developments in the study of the Old Testament.
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In Interpreting Quoted Speech, Samuel Hildebrandt analyzes the literary phenomenon of one speaker quoting the words of another speaker within prophetic discourse. Challenging approaches that categorize these speech quotations and use them as direct windows into Israel’s past, Hildebrandt makes a compelling case for reading quoted speech in its literary context. He presents a substantial method for such an interpretive approach, demonstrates its value in a detailed analysis of Jeremiah 2.1-3.5, and highlights the significance of quoted phrases in Jeremiah and other prophetic texts. Interpreting Quoted Speech marks an important contribution to the exploration of Jeremiah’s discourse and polyphony and, due to its accessible methodology and exegesis, offers a model for further research in prophetic literature.
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This volume offers a thematic study of an integral part of the Hebrew text of Esther, namely, violence. In The Dynamics of Violence and Revenge in the Hebrew Book of Esther, Francisco-Javier Ruiz-Ortiz makes the first ever monographic research on the topics of hostility and the mechanisms of revenge as expressed by the author of the Hebrew book of Esther.
The present book is divided into two parts consisting of three chapters each. After an introductory chapter reviewing previous studies on the book of Esther, the author analyses the main vocabulary of violence and revenge in this biblical text before studying the narrative of Esther from the point of view of violence. The results of these two avenues of research are then applied on three pericopes which are representative of the dynamics of violence. Each of the chosen texts illustrates how violence and revenge are used by the author to express the message of survival and the importance of the Jewish people.
The present book is divided into two parts consisting of three chapters each. After an introductory chapter reviewing previous studies on the book of Esther, the author analyses the main vocabulary of violence and revenge in this biblical text before studying the narrative of Esther from the point of view of violence. The results of these two avenues of research are then applied on three pericopes which are representative of the dynamics of violence. Each of the chosen texts illustrates how violence and revenge are used by the author to express the message of survival and the importance of the Jewish people.
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In Traductor Scriptor, John Screnock situates the Old Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible within the broader scribal culture of the ancient world. Building on current methods in Septuagint studies and textual criticism, Screnock engages the evidence from Qumran, the Samaritan Pentateuch, and the Old Greek to argue that the phenomena of translation and transmission are fundamentally similar. Traductor Scriptor presents a unique approach to the use of the Old Greek for textual criticism of the Hebrew Bible, based on new theoretical considerations and an in-depth analysis of text-critical data in the Old Greek translation and Hebrew manuscripts of Exodus 1–14.
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In Leviticus at Qumran: Text and Interpretation Robert A. Kugler and Kyung S. Baek provide an indispensable reference work for understanding how the Book of Leviticus shaped the people of Qumran and their texts. Focusing on issues central to the Qumran community’s identity—sacrifice, priesthood, purity, and holiness—Leviticus played a pivotal role in the group’s self-understanding.
The volume presents all of the texts of Leviticus from Qumran with their variants (with contributions from Eugene Ulrich and Peter Flint), lists over three hundred and fifty uses of Leviticus in the scrolls from Qumran, and provides brief summaries of each of those uses. It provides all the data necessary to explore how Leviticus shaped the people of the scrolls.
The volume presents all of the texts of Leviticus from Qumran with their variants (with contributions from Eugene Ulrich and Peter Flint), lists over three hundred and fifty uses of Leviticus in the scrolls from Qumran, and provides brief summaries of each of those uses. It provides all the data necessary to explore how Leviticus shaped the people of the scrolls.
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In 4QSamuelᵃ and the Text of Samuel, Jason Driesbach offers a thorough analysis of secondary readings in 4QSamuelᵃ (4Q51) along with those in other major witnesses to Samuel (MT, Gᴮ, Gᴸ), leading to a nuanced characterization of the scribal features and textual affiliation of 4QSamuelᵃ, with implications for understanding its place in text-critical studies and literary analyses of the books of Samuel.
4QSamuelᵃ has been regarded by some scholars as an untrustworthy witness to the text of Samuel and by other scholars as a crucial witness, sometimes containing lost readings. Further, some regard this scroll as a non-biblical work based on Samuel. Driesbach’s analysis offers an evaluation of these views based on a sound and thorough consideration of the scroll.
4QSamuelᵃ has been regarded by some scholars as an untrustworthy witness to the text of Samuel and by other scholars as a crucial witness, sometimes containing lost readings. Further, some regard this scroll as a non-biblical work based on Samuel. Driesbach’s analysis offers an evaluation of these views based on a sound and thorough consideration of the scroll.
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The studies collected in this volume were written in honour of Johann Cook, emeritus professor of the Department of Ancient Studies at Stellenbosch University. They cover a variety of subjects including the translation of Hebrew expressions into Greek, the reception of LXX texts in various contexts, topics related to wisdom and the LXX versions of sapiential literature, Ben Sira as a scribe of the Second Temple period, themes in the works of Philo and Josephus and the references to Sumkhos ben Joseph in rabbinic writings. The contributions therefore focus on the Septuagint, early Jewish sages and ancient scriptures. They present the results of original research, identify new lines and topics of inquiry and make novel contributions to existing insights.
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The Old Greek translation of Zechariah has not received much scholarly attention even though it contains several well known passages. Questions concerning its origin and character as a translation have yet to be dealt with in a comprehensive manner. The present monograph aims to bridge this gap by offering new methodological perspectives. The Old Greek Translation of Zechariah attempts to answer questions concerning the outlook of the translation, and what faction of the Jewish society was interested in translating this book into Greek. It argues that the translator had pro-Hasmonean sympathies.
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Winner of the 2015 Choice Outstanding Academic Title Award
Winner of the Frank Moore Cross Award for Best Book in Biblical Studies from ASOR
Winner of the Biblical Archaeology Society 2017 Publication Award for Best Book Relating to the Hebrew Bible
Eugene Ulrich presents in The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Developmental Composition of the Bible ( (also available as paperback) the comprehensive and synthesized picture he has gained as editor of many biblical scrolls. His earlier volume, The Biblical Qumran Scrolls, presented the evidence — the transcriptions and textual variants of all the biblical scrolls — and this volume explores the implications and significance of that evidence.
The Bible has not changed, but modern knowledge of it certainly has changed. The ancient Scrolls have opened a window and shed light on a period in the history of the text’s formation that had languished in darkness for two thousand years. They offer a parade of surprises that greatly enhance knowledge of how the scriptural texts developed through history.
Winner of the Frank Moore Cross Award for Best Book in Biblical Studies from ASOR
Winner of the Biblical Archaeology Society 2017 Publication Award for Best Book Relating to the Hebrew Bible
Eugene Ulrich presents in The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Developmental Composition of the Bible ( (also available as paperback) the comprehensive and synthesized picture he has gained as editor of many biblical scrolls. His earlier volume, The Biblical Qumran Scrolls, presented the evidence — the transcriptions and textual variants of all the biblical scrolls — and this volume explores the implications and significance of that evidence.
The Bible has not changed, but modern knowledge of it certainly has changed. The ancient Scrolls have opened a window and shed light on a period in the history of the text’s formation that had languished in darkness for two thousand years. They offer a parade of surprises that greatly enhance knowledge of how the scriptural texts developed through history.
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Thirty-three revised and updated essays on the textual criticism of the Hebrew Bible, Qumran and the Septuagint, originally published between 2008 and 2014 are presented in this volume, the third volume of the author’s collected writings. All three areas have developed much in modern research, and the auhor, the past editor-in-chief of the international Dead Sea Scrolls publication project, is a major speaker in all of them. The scrolls are of central importance in the modern textual research and this aspect is well represented in this volume. Among the studies included in this volume are central studies on coincidence, consistency, the Torah, the nature of the MT and SP, the diffusion of manuscripts, and the LXX of Genesis.
The previous two volumes are:
The Greek and Hebrew Bible: Collected Essays on the Septuagint (VTS 72; Leiden: Brill, 1999).
Hebrew Bible, Greek Bible, and Qumran: Collected Essays (TSAJ 121; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2008).
The previous two volumes are:
The Greek and Hebrew Bible: Collected Essays on the Septuagint (VTS 72; Leiden: Brill, 1999).
Hebrew Bible, Greek Bible, and Qumran: Collected Essays (TSAJ 121; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2008).
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John Emerton was Regius Professor of Hebrew at Cambridge University from 1968 to 1995 and is a former Editor of Vetus Testamentum and its Supplements (1975-97). His work is characterised by profound learning and rigorous argument. He published detailed articles on a wide range of subjects, not only on the Hebrew language but also on Biblical texts, Semitic philology and epigraphy, Pentateuchal criticism and other central issues in Biblical scholarship, and biographical essays on some modern scholars. The forty-eight essays in this volume have been selected to provide both an overview of Emerton’s influential work in all these fields and easier access to some items which are no longer readily available.
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One of the critical, ongoing discussions in Septuagint Studies today concerns the issue of how texts were understood by their translators, and how those translations are able to provide the modern reader with clues to that original interpretation. In Psalms 38 and 145 of the Old Greek Version, Randall X. Gauthier provides a word by word, sentence by sentence, commentary on Psalms 38 and 145 in the Septuagint (LXX) version, or more accurately, the Old Greek (OG) version. Specifically, this study attempts to understand the semantic meaning of these psalms at the point of their inception, or composition, i.e. as translated literary units derivative of a presumed Semitic Vorlage.
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This volume presents the main lectures of the 21st Congress of the International Organization for the Study of the Old Testament (IOSOT) held in Munich, Germany, in August 2013. Seventeen internationally distinguished scholars present their current research on the Hebrew Bible, including the literary history of the Hebrew text, its Greek translation and history of interpretation. Some focus on archeological sources and the reconstruction of ancient Israelite religion while others discuss the formation of the biblical text and its impact for cultural memory. The volume gives readers a representative view of the most recent developments in the study of the Old Testament.
Contributors are: Olivier Artus, Ehud Ben Zvi, Beate Ego, Irmtraud Fischer, Christian Frevel, Shimon Gesundheit, Timothy P. Harrison, Louis C. Jonker, James L. Kugel, Christoph Levin, Amihai Mazar, Steven L. McKenzie, Konrad Schmid, Yvonne Sherwood, Zipora Talshir, Akio Tsukimoto, and Jacques Vermeylen.
Contributors are: Olivier Artus, Ehud Ben Zvi, Beate Ego, Irmtraud Fischer, Christian Frevel, Shimon Gesundheit, Timothy P. Harrison, Louis C. Jonker, James L. Kugel, Christoph Levin, Amihai Mazar, Steven L. McKenzie, Konrad Schmid, Yvonne Sherwood, Zipora Talshir, Akio Tsukimoto, and Jacques Vermeylen.
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Written by leading experts in the field, The Book of Exodus: Composition, Reception, and Interpretation offers a wide-ranging treatment of the main aspects of Exodus. Its twenty-four essays fall under four main sections. The first section contains studies of a more general nature, including the history of Exodus in critical study, Exodus in literary and historical study, as well as the function of Exodus in the Pentateuch. The second section contains commentary on or interpretation of specific passages (or sections) of Exodus, as well as essays on its formation, genres, and themes. The third section contains essays on the textual history and reception of Exodus in Judaism and Christianity. The final section explores the theologies of the book of Exodus.
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The Hebrew language may be divided into the Biblical, Mishnaic, Medieval, and Modern periods. Biblical Hebrew has its own distinct linguistic profile, exhibiting a diversity of styles and linguistic traditions extending over some one thousand years as well as tangible diachronic developments that may serve as chronological milestones in tracing the linguistic history of Biblical Hebrew. Unlike standard dictionaries, whose scope and extent are dictated by the contents of the Biblical concordance, this lexicon includes only 80 lexical entries, chosen specifically for a diachronic investigation of Late Biblical Hebrew. Selected primarily to illustrate the fifth-century ‘watershed’ separating Classical from post-Classical Biblical Hebrew, emphasis is placed on ‘linguistic contrasts’ illuminated by a rich collection of examples contrasting Classical Biblical Hebrew with Late Biblical Hebrew, Biblical Hebrew with Rabbinic Hebrew, and Hebrew with Aramaic.
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In The Making of Israel C.L. Crouch presents the southern Levant during the seventh century BCE as a major period for the formation of Israelite ethnic identity, challenging scholarship which dates biblical texts with identity concerns to the exilic and post-exilic periods as well as scholarship which limits pre-exilic identity concerns to Josianic nationalism. The argument analyses the archaeological material from the southern Levant during Iron Age II, then draws on anthropological research to argue for an ethnic response to the economic, political and cultural change of this period. The volume concludes with an investigation into identity issues in Deuteronomy, highlighting centralisation and exclusive Yahwism as part of the deuteronomic formulation of Israelite ethnic identity.
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For this book the author has received THE MANFRED LAUTENSCHLAEGER AWARD FOR THEOLOGICAL PROMISE 2015
Kein Auszug ohne Einzug – erst mit dem Eisodus in das verheißene Land kommt der Exodus aus Ägypten an sein Ziel. Es verwundert daher nicht, dass der erste Teil des Josuabuches in den Kapiteln 1–5, in dem dieser Einzug dargestellt wird, vielfältige literarische Bezüge zur Exodusüberlieferung im Pentateuch aufweist. Wie aber sind diese Bezüge zu erklären, als intratextuelle Bindeglieder ein und desselben Werkes oder als intertextuelle Bezugnahmen? Mit dem Aufweis einer sukzessiven Ausgestaltung der Ereignisse beim Eisodus nach dem Vorbild des Exodus bietet die vorliegende Untersuchung der Komposition und Theologie von Josua 1–5 in den drei überlieferten Ausgaben des Josuabuches (MT, LXX, Qumran) Antworten auf alte, angesichts der gegenwärtigen Debatte um Hexateuch und Deuteronomistisches Geschichtswerk hochaktuelle Fragen der Forschung.
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The Exodus from Egypt is perfect only with the Eisodus into the Promised Land. It does not come as a surprise, therefore, that the first part of the Book of Joshua, which is dedicated to the entry into the land, features a variety of literary affinities to the Exodus tradition as found in the Pentateuch. But how are these affinities to be explained? Do they testify to an original literary work which covered both Exodus and Conquest, or do they rather betray subsequent connections through intertextual references? Analyzing the composition and theology of Joshua 1–5 in the three extant versions of the book (MT, LXX, Qumran), the present study contributes to the current debate of the Pentateuch, Hexateuch, and Deuteronomistic History.
Kein Auszug ohne Einzug – erst mit dem Eisodus in das verheißene Land kommt der Exodus aus Ägypten an sein Ziel. Es verwundert daher nicht, dass der erste Teil des Josuabuches in den Kapiteln 1–5, in dem dieser Einzug dargestellt wird, vielfältige literarische Bezüge zur Exodusüberlieferung im Pentateuch aufweist. Wie aber sind diese Bezüge zu erklären, als intratextuelle Bindeglieder ein und desselben Werkes oder als intertextuelle Bezugnahmen? Mit dem Aufweis einer sukzessiven Ausgestaltung der Ereignisse beim Eisodus nach dem Vorbild des Exodus bietet die vorliegende Untersuchung der Komposition und Theologie von Josua 1–5 in den drei überlieferten Ausgaben des Josuabuches (MT, LXX, Qumran) Antworten auf alte, angesichts der gegenwärtigen Debatte um Hexateuch und Deuteronomistisches Geschichtswerk hochaktuelle Fragen der Forschung.
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The Exodus from Egypt is perfect only with the Eisodus into the Promised Land. It does not come as a surprise, therefore, that the first part of the Book of Joshua, which is dedicated to the entry into the land, features a variety of literary affinities to the Exodus tradition as found in the Pentateuch. But how are these affinities to be explained? Do they testify to an original literary work which covered both Exodus and Conquest, or do they rather betray subsequent connections through intertextual references? Analyzing the composition and theology of Joshua 1–5 in the three extant versions of the book (MT, LXX, Qumran), the present study contributes to the current debate of the Pentateuch, Hexateuch, and Deuteronomistic History.
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Amidst various methodologies for the comparative study of the Hebrew Bible, at times the opportunity arises to improve on a method recently introduced into the field. In YHWH is King, Flynn uses the anthropological method of cultural translation to study diachronic change in YHWH’s kingship. Here, such change is compared to a similar Babylonian development to Marduk’s kingship. Based on that comparison and informed by cultural translation, Flynn discovers that Judahite scribes suppressed the earlier YHWH warrior king and promoted a creator/universal king in order to combat the increasing threat of Neo-Assyrian imperialism. Flynn thus opens the possibility, that Judahite scribes engaged in a cultural translation of Marduk to YHWH, in order to respond to the mounting Neo-Assyrian presence.
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Les termes « messie » et « messianisme » recouvrent aujourd’hui une désignation exagérément large au regard de leur sens initial dans le judaïsme et le christianisme. Ils sont utilisés dans des contextes qui empruntent souvent inconsciemment aux modèles rhétoriques à l’oeuvre dans le judaïsme ancien et dans le christianisme primitif. Le livre s’intéresse à ces modèles qui caractérisent l’histoire intellectuelle du premier messianisme juif. Tout d’abord, l’émergence du messianisme est examinée à travers les modèles de divinisation du roi dans le Proche-Orient ancien (Égypte, Mésopotamie, culture cananéenne), et à travers l’évolution de l’idéologie royale dans l’Israël ancien. D'autre part, les premiers textes chrétiens ont mis en avant la fusion des attentes messianiques en une seule figure de messie (Jésus-Christ), mais la pluralité des figures messianiques semble prévaloir dans la littérature juive ancienne.
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The words ‘messiah’ and ‘messianism’ are presently used in a too wide significance in comparison with their original meaning in Judaism and Christianity. Nevertheless, they often borrow unconsciously from rhetorical models at work in Ancient Judaism and Christianity. The book constitutes a series of studies on these models which characterize the intellectual history of the first Jewish messianism. Firstly, the birth of messianism is studied across the divinization of kings in Ancient Near East (Egypt, Mesopotamia, Canaanite culture) and secondly, the change of royal ideology in Ancient Israel to messianism. Thirdly, the first Christian texts have promoted the merging of messianic expectations in one messianic figure (Jesus-Christ), but the plurality of messiahs seem to prevail in early Jewish literature.
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The words ‘messiah’ and ‘messianism’ are presently used in a too wide significance in comparison with their original meaning in Judaism and Christianity. Nevertheless, they often borrow unconsciously from rhetorical models at work in Ancient Judaism and Christianity. The book constitutes a series of studies on these models which characterize the intellectual history of the first Jewish messianism. Firstly, the birth of messianism is studied across the divinization of kings in Ancient Near East (Egypt, Mesopotamia, Canaanite culture) and secondly, the change of royal ideology in Ancient Israel to messianism. Thirdly, the first Christian texts have promoted the merging of messianic expectations in one messianic figure (Jesus-Christ), but the plurality of messiahs seem to prevail in early Jewish literature.
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In Early Biblical Hebrew, Late Biblical Hebrew, and Linguistic Variability, Dong-Hyuk Kim attempts to adjudicate between the two seemingly irreconcilable views over the linguistic dating of biblical texts. Whereas the traditional opinion, represented by Avi Hurvitz, believes that Late Biblical Hebrew was distinct from Early Biblical Hebrew and thus one can date biblical texts on linguistic grounds, the more recent view argues that Early and Late Biblical Hebrew were merely stylistic choices through the entire biblical period. Using the variationist approach of (historical) sociolinguistics and on the basis of the sociolinguistic concepts of linguistic variation and different types of language change, Kim convincingly argues that there is a third way of looking at the issue.
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Text-critical and Hermeneutical Studies in the Septuagint is the title of a bilateral research project conducted from 2009 to 2011 by scholars from the universities of Munich (Germany) and Stellenbosch (South Africa). The joint research enterprise was rounded off by a conference that took place from 31st of August – 2nd of September 2011 in Stellenbosch. It was held in cooperation with the Association for the Study of the Septuagint in South Africa (LXXSA). Scholars from Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland, Belgium, France, Canada and the USA, as well as South Africa, delivered papers focusing on the history of the LXX; translation technique and text history; textual criticism, and the reception of the Septuagint.
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Greek papyrus codex 967 (p967) manifests a different edition of Ezekiel from the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT). This study defines and uses a "manuscript approach" to argue that p967 qualifies as a variant literary edition of Ezekiel. Methodologically, the approach is rooted in text-critical analysis, clarifies p967's textual significance, and shows that its text usually reflects the Old Greek translation and in many cases an early Hebrew edition of Ezekiel. The literary analysis of p967 and MT procedes according to sets of variants that participate in literary Tendenzen, adopting the principle of coherence found in Literaturkritik. In so doing, the literary analysis identifies the scope and literary character of p967 and MT's meaningful textual variants. Finally, the codicological analysis explores p967's manuscript as an historical and sociological artifact, focusing especially on what the paratextual marks reveal about the interpretive interests of a 3rd century CE community.
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The Judean monarch Hezekiah remains one of the most significant figures in biblical studies. For all of his greatness, however, there is little about him that may be stated with certainty. This study provides a detailed reexamination of this enterprising ruler. It commences with data outside the biblical text from Assyrian records and ancient Near Eastern archaeology which may be brought to bear in reconstructing the historical Hezekiah, and subsequently proceeds to augment this picture based on his portrayal in the books of Kings, First Isaiah, and Chronicles. Its focus is on those issues that either remain contentious in biblical scholarship, or else have been resolved into a general consensus that needs to be called into question.
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This volume honours Professor H. G. M. Williamson, Regius Professor of Hebrew at Oxford University through a collection of essays by colleagues and former students from across the globe. The various contributions intersect with the previous work of Professor Williamson, with special emphasis on the history of biblical research, study of the Hebrew language and Hebrew textual traditions, post-exilic historiography (Chronicles, Ezra-Nehemiah) and the prophets (especially Isaiah).
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The book of Ezekiel has long astonished its readership. In the history of exegesis, the book's (supposed) author has often been regarded as mad or ill, or as suffering from "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder" according to a recent diagnosis. The present study radicalizes this approach by investigating the book of Ezekiel as trauma literature. On the basis of a multi-faceted trauma hermeneutics the peculiarities as well as the inconsistencies of the book are shown to be material aspects of a fictionalised trauma process in the context of Israel's experiences of siege warfare and mass deportation in the early 6th century bce. The analysis demonstrates that the potential for violence inherent in the catastrophe has created not only an intense discourse about blame and punishment but also a theologically disturbing picture of a traumatized deity; in both cases the purpose is to assure the survival of Yhwh and the people.
Das Ezechielbuch hat seine Leserschaft seit jeher verwundert und verwirrt. Den vermeintlichen Autor des Buches hat man im Laufe der Auslegungsgeschichte immer wieder pathologisiert – zuletzt ist Ezechiel mehrfach die Diagnose „Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung“ attestiert worden. Die vorliegende Studie nimmt diesen Krankheitsansatz auf und radikalisiert ihn, indem sie das Ezechielbuch konsequent als fiktionale Trauma-Literatur analysiert. Vor dem Hintergrund einer mehrdimensionalen Trauma-Hermeneutik erschließt sie die Ezechielprophetie neu als literarisch-theologische Auseinandersetzung mit den traumatisierenden Kriegsereignissen, die Juda und Jerusalem zu Beginn des 6. Jh.s v.u.Z. getroffen haben. Es zeigt sich, dass die ungeheure Gewaltfülle der Exilskatastrophe nicht nur einen massiven Schuld-Strafe-Diskurs, sondern auch das theologisch erschütternde Bild einer traumatisierten Gottheit aus sich herausgesetzt hat – beides mit dem Ziel, das Überleben JHWHs und des Volkes zu sichern.
Das Ezechielbuch hat seine Leserschaft seit jeher verwundert und verwirrt. Den vermeintlichen Autor des Buches hat man im Laufe der Auslegungsgeschichte immer wieder pathologisiert – zuletzt ist Ezechiel mehrfach die Diagnose „Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung“ attestiert worden. Die vorliegende Studie nimmt diesen Krankheitsansatz auf und radikalisiert ihn, indem sie das Ezechielbuch konsequent als fiktionale Trauma-Literatur analysiert. Vor dem Hintergrund einer mehrdimensionalen Trauma-Hermeneutik erschließt sie die Ezechielprophetie neu als literarisch-theologische Auseinandersetzung mit den traumatisierenden Kriegsereignissen, die Juda und Jerusalem zu Beginn des 6. Jh.s v.u.Z. getroffen haben. Es zeigt sich, dass die ungeheure Gewaltfülle der Exilskatastrophe nicht nur einen massiven Schuld-Strafe-Diskurs, sondern auch das theologisch erschütternde Bild einer traumatisierten Gottheit aus sich herausgesetzt hat – beides mit dem Ziel, das Überleben JHWHs und des Volkes zu sichern.
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Written by leading experts in the field, The Book of Genesis: Composition, Reception, and Interpretation offers a wide-ranging treatment of the main aspects of Genesis study. Its twenty-nine essays fall under four main sections. The first section contains studies of a more general nature, including the history of Genesis in critical study, Genesis in literary and historical study, as well as the function of Genesis in the Pentateuch. In the second portion, scholars present commentary on or interpretation of specific passages (or sections) of Genesis, as well as essays on its formation, genres, and themes. The third part includes essays on the textual history and reception of Genesis in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The final section explores the theologies of the book of Genesis, including essays on Genesis and ecology and Genesis in the context of Jewish thought.
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Die Untersuchung des Begriffs kābôd JHWH im Alten Testament weist drei Profile einer biblischen kābôd-Theologie auf. Während die altorientalischen Quellen die Wurzel kbd / kbt jeweils mit der Bedeutung 'Schwere' oder 'ehren' verwenden, entwickelten es die biblischen Autoren in einem längerem Traditionsprozess zu einem Aspekt göttlicher Gegenwart fort. Die Studie zeigt, dass die Priesterschrift, das Buch Jesaja und das Buch Ezechiel unterschiedliche Motive aus unterschiedlichen Quellen, biblischen und nicht-biblischen aufnahmen und auf diese Weise drei literarische Profile des göttlichen kābôd. Die Untersuchung späterer Pentateuch- und Jesajatexte weist auf Wechselwirkungen hin, während die Vorstellungen des Ezechielbuches nicht weiter aufgenommen wurden.
The investigation focusses on the meaning and function of the term kābôd JHWH in the Hebrew Bible and presents three profiles of kābôd-Theology. While Ancient Near Eastern sources contain the root kbd / kbt always with the meaning 'heaviness' or 'to hounour', in biblical texts the authors developed the term towards an aspect representing his presence. The study shows that the Priestly sources of the Pentateuch, the Book of Isaiah and the Book of Ezekiel contain different images deriving from various sources - bilibcal and non-biblical - forming three literary profiles of the divine kābôd. The investigation of later Pentateuchal and Isaian texts shows that these texts interact while the profile of the Ezekialian tradition was not incorprated anymore.
The investigation focusses on the meaning and function of the term kābôd JHWH in the Hebrew Bible and presents three profiles of kābôd-Theology. While Ancient Near Eastern sources contain the root kbd / kbt always with the meaning 'heaviness' or 'to hounour', in biblical texts the authors developed the term towards an aspect representing his presence. The study shows that the Priestly sources of the Pentateuch, the Book of Isaiah and the Book of Ezekiel contain different images deriving from various sources - bilibcal and non-biblical - forming three literary profiles of the divine kābôd. The investigation of later Pentateuchal and Isaian texts shows that these texts interact while the profile of the Ezekialian tradition was not incorprated anymore.
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This volume brings together the main contributions to the 20th congress of the International Organization for the Study of the Old Testament (IOSOT) held in Helsinki, Finland in August, 2010. The 24 articles discuss the following five topics: Archaeology and texts, with an emphasis on the Persian Period; Qumran, the Septuagint and the Textual History of the Hebrew Bible; Deuteronomistic texts, with a special focus on the question “What is ‘Deuteronomistic?’”; Wisdom and Apocalypticism; and methodological and interdisciplinary issues such as Bible and art and intertextuality. The volume gives readers an up-to-date view of the most recent developments in the research of these topics and the study of the Hebrew Bible in general.
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This collection of previously unpublished essays by outstanding international scholars in honour of Robert P. Gordon, Regius Professor of Hebrew at Cambridge University, covers a wide range of topics, from accuracy, anachronism, and incongruity in the books of Samuel, through the theology of Psalms, ancient Near eastern historiography, and the ideology of the Septuagint, to philology and grammar in the Dead Sea Scrolls, Targum, Josephus, and medieval sources. It should interest readers concerned with inner-biblical exegesis and the Hebrew Bible in relation to its parallels, translations, and versions, as well as with big questions about the classification of the Bible and its antecedents as books, the social context of the Dead Sea Scrolls, and Christian attitudes towards ‘original Hebrew'.
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The Dead Sea Scrolls enrich many areas of biblical research, as well as the study of ancient and rabbinic Judasim, early Christian and other ancient literatures, languages, and cultures. With nearly all Dead Sea Scrolls published, it is now time to integrate the Dead Sea Scrolls fully into the various disciplines that benefit from them. This two-volume collection of essays answers this need. It represents the proceedings of a conference jointly organized by the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the University of Vienna in Vienna on February 11–14, 2008.
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While many studies on Isaiah are interested in the formation of the book, relatively few have addressed the development of the oracles concerning foreign nations. Like many other prophetic books, the book of Isaiah contains a section of foreign nations oracles (Isaiah 13-23), but within this collection is a smaller grouping of literary material that deals with the nations of Cush (Ethiopia) and Egypt (Isaiah 18-20). This book considers the formation of this smaller group about Cush and Egypt within the literary context of the growth of the larger collection and the development of these individual chapters. This book also contributes a fresh approach to the formation of foreign nations oracles in Isa 13-23.
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Various biblical studies on wealth and poverty have been published over the last thirty years. Some of these studies touch on the wealth of the patriarchs in Genesis 12-50, but they focus predominantly on other parts of the Bible. Scholars who have studied the patriarchal narratives in detail comment on aspects of patriarchal wealth, but do not offer an in-depth analysis of this topic. This book on Jacob’s wealth shows that such an analysis is warranted. In the Jacob story, material possessions and their associated attitudes and actions are essential to understand the various relationship dynamics. Often, possessions are the cause of conflict, but they also play a role in conflict resolution. As a result, this study contributes to a fuller understanding of the Jacob-cycle.
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Prior studies of incubation have approached it from a history of religions perspective, with a view to historically reconstruct the actual practice of incubation in ancient Near East. However, this approach has proven unfruitful, not due to the dearth of relevant data, but because of the confusion with regard to the definition of the term incubation. Suggesting a way out of this impasse in previous scholarship, this book proposes to read the so-called “incubation” texts from the perspective of incubation as a literary device, namely, as a type-scene. It applies Nagler’s definition of a type-scene to a literary analysis of two Ugaritic mythical texts, the Aqhatu and Kirta stories, and one biblical story, the Hannah story.
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This book puts forward an interpretation of the Canticle which is alert to the literal sense of the poem. The author thus distances himself both from the allegorical interpretation and from an interpretation that is purely secular. According to the author, the Song offers a theological vision of human love. Barbiero sees the Song as composed in the third century BC, in the Hellenistic epoch, but also as hugely dependent on the love poetry of the Ancient Near East, particularly that of Egypt. Above all, however, the Song was composed in dialogue with the other books of the Old Testament, especially in contrast with the negative view of sexuality which they represent. The study pays particular attention to the structure of the poem and of the individual cantos: for Barbiero, the Song is a closely unitary work and is only to be understood as a whole.
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Isa. 52:13-53:12 has occupied a special position within Jewish and Christian traditions, as well as within biblical scholarship. This book focuses particularly on different ways of reading this text. Historical-critical readings in the tradition after Bernhard Duhm are challenged. In Duhmian readings of Isa. 52:13-53:12, Gottesknecht has become a technical term, Ebed-Jahwe-Lied a genre, Stellvertretung an established theological concept and “servant song research” a separate discipline within biblical scholarship. After a critical presentation of the Duhmian readings, three other ways of reading Isa. 52:13-53:12 based on variations of linguistic theory are presented: one linguistic, one narratological and one intertextual. These show in different manners how the text is unstable, heterogeneous and composite. In these readings, the trope of personification is central.
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Eschewing both so-called minimalist and maximalist readings, this volume advocates an understanding of the book of Samuel as ancient narrative historiography that must be understood according to its own conception and ideology of history before being judged as a historical source. This study shows how narrative strategies and literary embellishment, unaccustomed in modern historiography, are used to express familiar historical concepts such as causation, meaning and evaluation of the past. The requirements for historical ‘accuracy’ within the book’s cultural milieu are investigated through analysis of the differences tolerated between the LXX and MT versions. Fresh interpretive insights for specific passages emerge as the conventions of historiography in Samuel are compared and contrasted to the ideals of modern historical theory.
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During the Second Temple period, the Babylonian exile came to signify not only the deportations and forced migrations of the sixth century B.C.E., but also a variety of other alienations. These alienations included political disenfranchisement, dissatisfaction with the status quo, and an existential alienation from God. Enduring Exile charts the transformation of exile from a historically bound and geographically constrained concept into a symbol for physical, mental, and spiritual distress. Beginning with preexilic materials, Halvorson-Taylor locates antecedents for the metaphorization of exile in the articulation of exile as treaty curse; continuing through the early postexilic period, she recovers an evolving concept of exile within the intricate redaction of Jeremiah’s Book of Consolation (Jeremiah 30–31), Second and Third Isaiah (Isaiah 40–66), and First Zechariah (Zechariah 1–8). The formation of these works illustrates the thought, description, and exegesis that fostered the use of exile as a metaphor for problems that could not be resolved by a return to the land— and gave rise to a powerful trope within Judaism and Christianity: the motif of the “enduring exile.”
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This monograph seeks to determine the geographical provenance of Isaiah 40-55. It reassesses past research pertaining to Babylonian influence and reexamines the claims that all or parts of Isaiah 40-55 reflect the concerns of the exilic community in Babylon. It further challenges the prevalent view that the return of the exiles is of central concern in Isaiah 40-55, and instead proposes that Jerusalem and her imminent restoration is its focal point. It interprets Isaiah 40-55 as a polyvalent text that allows multiple and often contradictory views regarding Jerusalem’s current suffering. The monograph investigates these views, understood to represent the opinons of different segments of the target audience of Isaiah 40-55, with the aim of determining their geographical and theological locations.
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The Biblical Qumran Scrolls presents all the Hebrew biblical manuscripts recovered from the eleven caves at Qumran. It provides a transcription of each identifiable fragment in consecutive biblical order together with the textual variants it contains. These manuscripts antedate by a millennium the previously available Hebrew manuscripts. They are the oldest, the best, and the most authentic witnesses to the texts of the Scriptures as they circulated in Jerusalem and surrounding regions at the time of the birth of Christianity and Rabbinic Judaism. The purpose is to collect in a single volume all the biblical editions originally published in a wide variety of books and articles.
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This collaborative commentary on, or dictionary of, Kings, explores cross-cutting aspects of Kings ranging from the analysis of its composition, historically regarded, to its transmission and reception. Ample attention is accorded sources, figures and peoples who play a part in the book. The commentary deals with Kings’ treatment in translation and role in later ancient literature. While our comments do not proceed verse by verse, the volume furnishes guidance, from contributors highly qualified to advance contemporary discussion, on the book's historical background, its literary intentions and characteristics, and on themes and motifs central to its understanding, both of itself and of the world from which it arose. This volume functions as a meta-commentary, offering windows into the secondary literature, but assembling data more fully than is the case in individual commentaries.
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The present volume contains a collection of essays on the Book of Isaiah offered as a tribute to Arie van der Kooij on the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday, which coincides with his retirement as Professor of Old Testament at Leiden University. The twenty-four contributions, written by leading scholars in the field of Old Testament studies, focus on the Book of Isaiah within the context of Hebrew and ancient near-eastern writings, particularly those from the Neo-Assyrian period, as well as on the book's reception history , particularly in its Greek and Syriac translations. Together these studies offer a rich and original contribution to the study of the Book of Isaiah in its Hebrew, Aramaic, Assyrian, Greek, Syriac, and Dutch contexts.
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Despite extensive study of the poetic features of Psalm 119, the conceptions it advocates and its contribution to developing Judaism have not been well understood; indeed some scholars have dismissed the psalm as containing little more than wearisome repetition. Reynolds distinguishes between the psalmist and the speaker within the psalm. The psalmist portrays the speaker as an exemplary Torah student and thereby promotes the contemplation of Torah as a facet of ethical instruction. Using this new perspective, Reynolds contributes a fresh and coherent understanding of the ideas in Psalm 119. He explains the function of its length and highlights its emphasis on Torah study that became axiomatic in Rabbinic Judaism.
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Genesis, Isaiah and Psalms
A Festschrift to honour Professor John Emerton for his eightieth birthday
Genesis, Isaiah and Psalms are three key texts in the Hebrew Bible and represent the lifelong interests of Professor John Emerton, Emeritus Regius Professor of Hebrew in the University of Cambridge, for whom this volume is written on the occasion of his eightieth birthday. The contributors have all enjoyed academic relationships with John over the years and represent a truly international group. The contributions include comparison of biblical texts with ancient Near Eastern counterparts and evaluation of them in the light of archaeology. They include intertextual work on a literary level, and traditional literary-historical approaches to texts. Many move beyond the Hebrew Bible itself to consider other texts and versions or to draw out interpretations of texts by scholars ancient and modern - and even by novelists. The result is a refreshing group of articles that indicate the broad range of approaches that characterize the discipline of Old Testament study in the present day.
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This volume presents all the main lectures of the XIXth Congress of the International Organization for the Study of the Old Testament (IOSOT) held in Ljubljana (July 2007). It is a very good sample of the main trends and progress of current biblical research on masoretic tradition, Hebrew philology, textual criticism, literary criticism (especially in prophetic books), ancient Judaism, formation of the collections of Ancient Scriptures, and biblical themes (especially according to the orthodox tradition of interpretation). The thirty-one authors are among the main international figures of current biblical exegesis and their contributions are representative of the study of the Old Testament at the beginning of the third millennium.
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The books of Samuel are a key link in the history of the biblical text in so much as they are found at a crossroad where different textual traditions encounter each other (MT, LXX, Qumran). Recent research tends to consider that the textual criticism has to take into account the literary aspects which characterise the most ancient transmission of the text. This assessment asks a variety of new exegetical questions considered in this volume: Does the comparative analysis of the textual witnesses permit proving the existence of distinct literary editions? Which are the criteria to deem the literary nature of the variants? Which ideological and theological motives governed the modifications of a previous text? Is it possible to establish a relative chronology between the putative editions?
The study of the most ancient history of the text opens an archeology of the monument that are the books of Samuel. The search for their ancient foundations and the bringing to light of later modifications, the consideration both of the restorations and of the ruins of the textual edifice all throw new light on the final construct and its theological significance.
The study of the most ancient history of the text opens an archeology of the monument that are the books of Samuel. The search for their ancient foundations and the bringing to light of later modifications, the consideration both of the restorations and of the ruins of the textual edifice all throw new light on the final construct and its theological significance.
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This book is the first detailed investigation of the translation of the Hebrew verbs of Chronicles into Greek, especially from the perspective of two diachronic developments: that of the Hebrew verbal system and that of the trend toward a more literal translation of the Bible. The translation provides a view of the Hebrew verbal system in the Hellenistic period (approx. 150 BCE) as part of the continuum in the development of the Hebrew verbal system from classical biblical Hebrew to Mishnaic Hebrew. The translation also testifies to the trend in the process of the translation of the Bible from the freer (but still literal) translation of the Pentateuch and Samuel/Kings to the slavishly literal translation of Aquila.
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Many Bible readers will think that chapter 17 of the second book of Kings refers to the origin of the Samaritans. This understanding of the chapter has its earliest attestation in the works of Josephus. The present book evaluates the methods often used for finding the origin of the Samaritans, makes an assessment of well known and new material, and ventures into some uncharted territory. It is suggested that the moment of birth of the Samaritans was the construction of the temple on Mount Gerizim. This happened in the first part of the fourth century b.c.e. in accordance with the original commandment of Moses in Deut 27:4.
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This volume is a scholarly tribute to Bustenay Oded's distinguished career from some of the many contemporaries, colleagues, and former students who not only admire, and keep being inspired by his achievements, but who also count him as a friend.
The title points to the remarkable span of Bustenay Oded 's research and research interests. Accordingly, the Festschrift's thirty original contributions deal with a wide range of topics, focusing on the Assyrian Empire, as well as on the Hebrew Bible and other cultural contents.
The title points to the remarkable span of Bustenay Oded 's research and research interests. Accordingly, the Festschrift's thirty original contributions deal with a wide range of topics, focusing on the Assyrian Empire, as well as on the Hebrew Bible and other cultural contents.
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This book investigates a corpus of royal inscriptions and literary texts, with special emphasis on those that are mythological and biblical, stretching over several millennia from the early days of Sumer to the Biblical period, in order to determine the ways in which the concept of water was used, in particular the way it functions in the political and theological ideology of the time. Three literary motifs are the object of a careful study : the crossing of water, the flood and the water of abundance. Though their study shows diversity in evolution, transmission and reception, it appears that their function is common at the heart of the Mesopotamian political theology of royal mediation.
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This book offers a thorough analysis of the translation technique and theology of LXX-Amos, which will be valuable for those studying LXX-Amos and for those doing textual criticism in the Hebrew text of Amos. It analyzes the literalness of the translation, the rendering of difficult and unknown words, and the rendering of visually ambiguous phenomena, like homonyms, homographs, and word divisions. The evidence suggests the translator worked from a text very similar to the MT. He reveals his biases as he struggles with the difficult and obscure sections of his source text. He exhibits an anti-Syrian and anti-Samaritan bias as well as interest in Gentiles, eschatology, and messianism.
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The invasion of Sennacherib in 701 BCE is a classic issue for both biblical scholars and historians alike. Extant Assyrian, Biblical and even Greek texts all refer to Sennacherib and many different theories have been put forward in attempts to understand the relationship between these various accounts. Despite the rise of new literary-rhetorical criticism in biblical studies, studies tackling the problem of Sennacherib’s invasion have been dominated by historical-critical work on the issue and have virtually ignored rhetorical methodology. Against this trend, this book employs both traditional historical-critical methods and newer rhetorical methods in an effort to utilize the biblical texts in a historical reconstruction of this famous Assyrian assault on ancient Judah.
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A new association for the study of the Septuagint was formed in South Africa recently. The present collection is a compilation of papers delivered at the first conference of this association, as well as other contributions. The volume addresses issues touching on the Septuagint in the broad sense of the word. This includes the Old Greek text (Daniel, Proverbs, Psalms and Lamentations) as well as the reception of the LXX (NT, Augustine and Jerome, etc.). A few contributions that may be regarded as miscellanea are nevertheless related to matters Septuagintal (Aristeas, Peshitta, Eunochos).
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This book deals with many aspects of the land of Israel. In the first part, the emphasis is on descriptions of the land in Joshua and other books of the Hebrew anf Greek Bible. In the second part, the focus shifts to the land in history and theology: reception-history of biblical texts dealing with the land, archaeology of Palestine, and theological-hermeneutical implications of taking the land traditions of the Bible seriously. The result is a rich collection of articles on one of the main themes of the Old Testament; a theme that has a fascinating, although not always unproblematic reception history.
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This second volume of the commentary on the Baal Cycle, the most important Canaanite religious text from Ugarit, in Syria, analyzes KTU/CAT 1.3 and 1.4, the tablets that contain the long episode about how Baal secured permission from El to build his royal palace and how the palace was built. It includes a new edition of the tablets, supplemented by a DVD-ROM with 92 images and superimposible drawings, a comprehensive introduction, new translation and vocalized text, and detailed commentary. The authors develop an interpretation of the episode which places it into the larger context of the Baal Cycle as a whole.
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Though several studies have already been devoted to biblical representations of God, the present research considers the position towards the divine they imply, on the basis of syntactic and narrative analysis. The book examines, in the stories of the Pentateuch, different appearances of the divine character: his speeches, as well as their modes of reporting; his actions, their mediations, and the points of view from which they are told; his perceptions and emotions, as well as the so-called omniscient narration; and some interpretations and distortions of his words. It appears that the Pentateuch presents the divine in an essentially mimetic way, mainly from the perspectives of other characters, portraying different human experiences and interpretations of divinity.
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Commentators traditionally use a textual-critical methodology in examining Hebrew and Greek manuscripts to establish an ‘original’ reading, frequently attributing other variants to scribal error. This book proposes a complementary-textual comparative methodology that treats each Hebrew and/or Greek manuscript with equal value, listening to each voice as a possible interpretive trajectory. This methodology is applied to the restoration of Israel in Ezekiel 36-39, initially on a micro level examining each verse for intra-linguistic and trans-linguistic variants, frequently finding exegetical reasons for variants. The macro application compares Papyrus 967 with extant manuscripts, finding the different chapter order and pericope minus (36:23c-38) due to theological reasons. This comparative methodology can be used with any study dealing with different manuscripts and versions.
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This study deals with the question of happiness in the book of Qoheleth, starting with the contemporary debate among modern writers concerning the status of various encouraging statements that emerge out of a general context in which “all is vanity”. The first part of this study describes the current position of research, examining the debated questions. The second part proposes an exegetical and contextual inquiry of the words for happiness, drawn up by these authors. The third part suggests a way of resolving the enigma of happiness, based upon an additional formula of happiness, located at the beginning of the second half of the book. Gradually, a conviction takes shape: happiness does not have the same status in the two parts of the book. If, at first, happiness is presented as the only alternative given by God to help man to hold on when faced with the fleetingness of things in life, it later becomes an art of living, apt to be taught to future generations.
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An interesting feature in the lament psalms is the sudden change of mood. Unfortunately, as the term that has come to be associated with the subject indicates – ‘Certainty of a Hearing’ – the change of mood is understood only in terms of a movement from lament to praise. This has led to a redefinition of lament in terms of petition and an overemphasis on praise. The present book seeks to redress this one-sided emphasis by drawing attention to the other movements in the Psalter – the reverse movement from praise to lament, return to lament after praise and the alternation between the two. We do not only have a ‘Certainty of a Hearing’; we also have an ‘Uncertainty of a Hearing’.
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While many studies explore the literary role of the oath in general literature, none have contended with the role of the oath in the biblical narratives. This study seeks to fill that vacuum. The first section of this study examines the literary significance of the various oath formulae that appear in biblical narratives, focusing on anomalous formulations of the respective oath formulae. The second section of this study explores the narratives surrounding two characters, Saul and David, both of whom frequently engage in oath-making. The oaths taken by, to and about these characters mirror the narrative itself, and function as a prism through which the character’s career is refracted. This study demonstrates that by perceiving the oath as a literary device for plot and character development, additional or more precise meanings may be revealed in the biblical stories.
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Any treatment of the figurative and symbolic function of animal imagery in biblical literature requires special attention to its contextual meaning and cultural evaluation. The present study aims to demonstrate how this is particularly true of the Book of Proverbs, in which faunal imageries serve as a didactic means for delving into the more obvious truths of human behavior. This book makes a methodological contribution toward understanding the didactic function of Proverb's animal imageries by offering an ongoing three-pronged analysis: a. Zoological identification and literary perception of the animal in the Bible; b. Hermeneutic dynamics between the specific animal simile and its literary adaptation; c. Rhetorical function of the animal imagery within the conceptual framework of the Book of Proverbs.
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Focusing on the phenomenon of prophecy in the ancient Near East, this study offers a comparison between parts of First Isaiah and the Assyrian prophecies. In the first part, the material from First Isaiah and from seventh-century Assyria is investigated in its own right. The second part is a comparison of the Isaiah tradition in its earliest shape with the prophetic material from seventh-century Assyria. The topics dealt with in the comparison are the interrelation of prophetic oracles and historical events, the functions of the prophets, and the literary development of prophecy. The study shows that ancient Israelite prophecy, of which the historical Isaiah was an exponent, was much in conformity with ancient Near Eastern prophecy in general.
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The observation of the Jubilee Year 2000 by many Christian groups worldwide generated renewed interest in the theological, historical, and socio-economic aspects of the biblical jubilee. This book begins with an analysis of the historical origins of the jubilee institution in ancient Israel, and then traces the reinterpretation of the jubilee and the text of Leviticus 25 through the Old Testament, the Second Temple literature, and the Qumran documents. It demonstrates that, with the passage of time, the socio-economic implementation of the jubilee is increasingly de-emphasized in favor of an eschatological interpretation, in which the jubilee itself functions as a type of the final age, and cycles of jubilee years are employed to calculate when this age will arrive.
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This volume delivers an analysis of the persuasive artistry of Isaiah 18, i.e. how Isa 18 is designed in order to persuade an ancient audience. The analysis is pursued from four angles: the textual design, the motifs, the rhetoric of the text and finally, it is shown how the various strophes within each stanza of Isa 18 relate to one another.
The present analysis demonstrates that Isa 18 is an example of Hebrew rhetoric, and that the text can be read as a coherent whole - even though the majority of scholars analysing Isa 18 have found this chapter confusing. In this volume, it is argued that Isa 18 is shaped in a confusing way in order to make the audience believe that someone else is judged (the Cushites, 18:1-2.7), and not themselves.
This volume sheds new light on the understanding of and old text, and the volume is important for exegetes interested in the persuasive artistry of Isa 18.
The present analysis demonstrates that Isa 18 is an example of Hebrew rhetoric, and that the text can be read as a coherent whole - even though the majority of scholars analysing Isa 18 have found this chapter confusing. In this volume, it is argued that Isa 18 is shaped in a confusing way in order to make the audience believe that someone else is judged (the Cushites, 18:1-2.7), and not themselves.
This volume sheds new light on the understanding of and old text, and the volume is important for exegetes interested in the persuasive artistry of Isa 18.
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Before the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls, Ben Sira was the only Hebrew wisdom text from the late Second Temple period. The Qumran scrolls provide an abundance of previously unknown Hebrew sapiential material. Discerning Wisdom provides a systematic overview of all the Qumran texts that are commonly identified as wisdom compositions. This literature raises issues such as the incorporation of apocalypticism and Torah piety into the sapiential tradition. The Dead Sea Scrolls offer crucial evidence for understanding the wisdom of the late Second Temple period and the reception of traditional wisdom in Early Judaism.
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On the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday, this Festschrift celebrates A. Graeme Auld, Professor of Hebrew Bible at the University of Edinburgh, as one of the most innovative scholars in Old Testament Studies of his generation. The contributors of the volume, colleagues, friends and former students, have written articles that touch on various aspects of Auld's work including Old Testament, historiography, Pentateuch, Deuteronomistic History, Chronicles, prophecy and prophets, Septuagint, and textual criticism.
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This volume represents an inductive, literary/rhetorical analysis of the book of Judges to determine whether recent synchronic approaches that read the book as an integrated whole are indeed justified. As possible rhetorical links connecting Judges' prologue (1:1-2:5), epilogue (17:1-21:25), and central section (2:6-16:31) are examined in detail and the implications of such links carefully considered, the author concludes that, contrary to the consensus view that sees the central section of Judges as a part of Deuteronomistic History and the prologue and epilogue as later additions, the book in its current form may have been a unified composition of a single creative author. If so, not only does this have significant implications for the validity of the Deuteronomistic History Hypothesis, a new possibility also emerges which sees the interpretive key to the book as residing in the prologue and epilogue rather than the central section.
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The essays that comprise this volume in honor of Adrian Schenker address a variety of issues and topics in the field of textual criticism and the textual history of the Hebrew Bible. Except for the Book of Kings, the contributors are editors of individual Biblical books for the new Biblia Hebraica Quinta. The topics of the essays range from assessments of the overall textual situation for a particular book to investigations of translation technique to studies of particularities in the Leningrad Codex and its Masorah. Most books of the Hebrew Scriptures are treated in one of the essays.
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This volume presents all the main lectures of the XVIIIth Congress of the International Organization for the Study of the Old Testament (IOSOT) held in Leiden (August 2004). It is a very good sample of the main trends and progress of current biblical research on textual criticism (Qumran and Septuagint), biblical archaeology, literary criticism (especially Pentateuch, Joshua, Kings), biblical themes (especially in wisdom literature), as well as about the light thrown on biblical exegesis by current cognitive linguistics. An appendix deals with the connection between world Christianity and the study of the Old Testament. The twenty authors are among the main international figures of current biblical exegesis and their contributions are representative of the study of the Old Testament at the beginning of the third millenium.
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This study applies several linguistic approaches to the book of Samuel in order to investigate the defining features of metaphor and the way metaphor and other forms of figurative language operate in biblical narrative. The book begins with an exploration of how to identify and interpret the metaphors in 1 Samuel 25. Next, the metaphors in 2 Samuel 16:16-17:14 are compared with other tropes, primarily metonymy and simile. Then the notion of “dead” metaphors is challenged while examining the figurative language in 1 Samuel 24. An in-depth analysis of the figurative language in these texts results in a better understanding of the mechanics of metaphor, and a richer, more nuanced reading of these stories, their characters, and language.
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With contributions by many of his colleagues and former students, this volume pays homage to Eugene Ulrich, Chief Editor of the Cave 4 Biblical Scrolls and a foremost expert on the Biblical Scrolls, the Canon of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament, and the Septuagint. In line with Professor Ulrich’s areas of scholarship and interest, the almost 30 essays are grouped in three main sections: The Hebrew Bible/Old Testament (including the Biblical Scrolls from the Judaean Desert); Qumran and the Non-Biblical Scrolls from the Judaean Desert; and the Septuagint and Other Ancient Versions. The volume includes a tribute to Eugene Ulrich and ends with a cumulative bibliography and several useful indices.
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This volume analyses the so-called 'Denkschrift' (Isa 6:1-9:6) by focussing on the image of God's Reign. It discusses the literary formation and shows that the idea of God's Reign is the red line connecting independent texts in former times.
The study focuses on the literary formation and on the images of God's Reign. Subjects included are the investigation of the literary form of Isa 6, comparisons with neo-assyrian prophecies and royal texts from Egypt and the discussion of literary form and origin of the messianic announcement in Isa 9.
The final description of the image of God's Reign gives a deeper insight in the development of theological ideas in ancient Israel and is useful for a closer view on Judah's history of religion between the 8th and 5th centuries B.C.E.
The study focuses on the literary formation and on the images of God's Reign. Subjects included are the investigation of the literary form of Isa 6, comparisons with neo-assyrian prophecies and royal texts from Egypt and the discussion of literary form and origin of the messianic announcement in Isa 9.
The final description of the image of God's Reign gives a deeper insight in the development of theological ideas in ancient Israel and is useful for a closer view on Judah's history of religion between the 8th and 5th centuries B.C.E.
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This book provides an extensive literary analysis of the Gideon, Abimelech and Jephthah narratives in Judges 6-12, and discloses the main intention of these stories. The book consists of three chapters, each of which analyses the respective biblical narratives. These narratives show the two parameters by which the Israelite leaders are examined, namely their loyalty to God and their altruistic character: A leader who prefers his own interest is doomed to his own demise and brings devastation upon his people. Judges does not establish a preferred governmental model, instead it considers the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of regimes. In the epilogue it is suggested that these narratives are conveniently placed in the pre-monarchic period when the question of the regime becomes part of the political debate. The book of Judges offers criteria for the choice of the right leader.
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The present study is an attempt to decode the sacrificial system of ancient Israel, to understand how the different kinds of sacrifice are related, the choice of the sacrificial materials, and the shape of their ritual. Special attention is given to the social function of sacrifice. Starting from a comparison between the isolated data and the systems of P, the Chronist and Ezekiel, the study stresses the specificity of each system, and tries to point out the distinctive features of Israel's sacrificial cult. The concluding chapter sketches the evolution of the sacrificial cult. An exhaustive index of textual references offers an overview of all Old Testament passages relating to sacrifice.
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Written by leading experts in the field as well as some younger scholars, The Book of Psalms: Composition and Reception offers a wide-ranging treatment of the main aspects of Psalms study. The almost 30 essays consist of two overall sections. The first section contains studies of a more general nature; commentary on or interpretation of specific Psalms; social setting; and the Psalter as book. The second section contains essays on the literary context of the Psalter (including Qumran texts); textual history and reception in Judaism and Christianity; and the theology of the Psalter. The volume ends with a cumulative bibliography and several useful indices.
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This monograph deals with the problem of the text-historical relation between two versions of the Solomon Narrative: the Hebrew version preserved in the Masoretic Text of the book of Kings and the Greek version handed down in the Septuaginta of 3 Regum. Over the years, text critics have taken divergent approaches to this complex issue. This study reviews and evaluates their arguments. It does so on the basis of an independent analysis of the main differences between the two versions.
The contents of this book are relevant for everyone interested in the composition and textual history of the book of Kings.
The contents of this book are relevant for everyone interested in the composition and textual history of the book of Kings.
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This volume sheds fresh light upon the phenomenon of narrative doubling in the Hebrew Bible. Through an innovative interdisciplinary model the author defines the notion of narrative analogy in relation to other literatures where it has been studied such as English Renaissance drama and makes extensive critical use of contemporary literary theory, particularly that of the Russian formalist Vladimir Propp. His exploitation of narrative doubling, with a focus upon the metaphorical, reorients our reading by uncovering a major dynamic in biblical literature.
The author examines several battle reports and demonstrates how each could be interpreted as an oblique commentary and metaphor for the non-battle account that immediately precedes it. Battle scenes are revealed to stand in metaphoric analogy with, among others, accounts of a trial, a rape, a drinking feast, and a court-deliberation.
Joshua Berman offers new insights to the ever-growing concern with the relationship between historiography and literary strategies, and succeeds in articulating a new aspect of biblical ideology concerning human and divine relationship.
The author examines several battle reports and demonstrates how each could be interpreted as an oblique commentary and metaphor for the non-battle account that immediately precedes it. Battle scenes are revealed to stand in metaphoric analogy with, among others, accounts of a trial, a rape, a drinking feast, and a court-deliberation.
Joshua Berman offers new insights to the ever-growing concern with the relationship between historiography and literary strategies, and succeeds in articulating a new aspect of biblical ideology concerning human and divine relationship.
Buch
Over a hundred years ago, Wellhausen's revolutionary aim in his "Prolegomena" was to prove that the Priestly legal sections of the Pentateuch reflect postexilic Judaism and must be considered a deviation from the prophetic religion which preceded it. The present study points out the biased assumptions underlying Wellhausen's theory and the fallacies in this thesis. A strong case is made for the antiquity of the Priestly Code and its antedating the Book of Deuteronomy in light of many parallels between the Priestly Law and ritual texts from the Ancient Near East, and an examination of the mythic outlook in P which distinguishes it from both Deuteronomy and Second Isaiah.
Buch
This volume offers a critical examination of recent theories concerning the growth of biblical literature in the light of the oldest textual witnesses (the Qumran biblical scrolls and the Septuagint). On the basis of a fresh examination of a selection of passages in the book of Joshua, it is shown that these witnesses do not reflect a stage in the literary formation of the book prior to the standardised (Masoretic) text, but a reinterpretation and reformulation of its contents. The study presents a new literary-critical solution to the intricate problems of Joshua 8 and a detailed exegesis of the Greek version of Joshua 1 and 5. Of special interest for Qumran scholars is the new reconstruction of 4QJoshuaª.
Buch
This volume studies the seven psalms that were performed at the fundamental daily ritual of the Jerusalem Temple in the late Second Temple period (Psalms 24, 48, 82, 94, 81, 93, 92). It is the first comprehensive and detailed study of this richly-relevant liturgical collection.
The work centers around a literary poetic analysis of the collection as a whole, focussing on unifying features such as connections between psalms, overall structure, theme and plot. A review of the Tamid service and exegetical studies of each psalm are included.
Three innovative sections illustrate the importance of the Tamid Psalms in Second Temple studies; topics include the formation of the Psalter, the structure of liturgical texts, and the performance of Temple worship.
The work centers around a literary poetic analysis of the collection as a whole, focussing on unifying features such as connections between psalms, overall structure, theme and plot. A review of the Tamid service and exegetical studies of each psalm are included.
Three innovative sections illustrate the importance of the Tamid Psalms in Second Temple studies; topics include the formation of the Psalter, the structure of liturgical texts, and the performance of Temple worship.
Buch
The present book deals with the so-called “pre-classical” prophecy in the Northern Kingdom of Israel. It becomes evident that the introduction of kingship in the early period of prophecy marks the beginning of a consideration of social situations. The prophet is placed over the king and stylized as the actual saviour figure. This development is examined along with the extensive prophetic traditions of Samuel, Elijah and Elisha. The texts are first analyzed from a diachronic standpoint to determine pre-deuteronomistic text components. These texts are then linked to their historical context and examined with respect to their medium and historicity. This book throws new light on the social and socio-structural importance of prophecy in this early period.
Buch
In this book the origin and objects of the land description in Joshua 15 and its context are examined. Town lists and border descriptions are literarily, historiographically and theologically classified against the background of their relationships to Tetrateuch/Pentateuch/Hexateuch and the Deuteronomistic History.
The first part deals with the text, context, and literary relationships of Joshua 15. The second part is devoted to the historical-geographical analysis of the area defined by the town list and border description of Joshua 15. In the third part the respective origins and objects of the successive phases in the history of the text are examined.
All those who are dealing with Joshua 13-21 and the historiographical and theological meaning of land descriptions should read this thorough and encompassing study
The first part deals with the text, context, and literary relationships of Joshua 15. The second part is devoted to the historical-geographical analysis of the area defined by the town list and border description of Joshua 15. In the third part the respective origins and objects of the successive phases in the history of the text are examined.
All those who are dealing with Joshua 13-21 and the historiographical and theological meaning of land descriptions should read this thorough and encompassing study
Buch
This volume honors the lifetime of scholarly contribution and leadership of Professor Emanuel Tov, Judah L. Magnes professor of Bible at the Department of Bible, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Colleagues from all over the world have contributed significant studies in the three areas of Tov’s primary interest and expertise: the Hebrew Bible, its Greek translations, and the Dead Sea Scrolls.
This Festschrift is a fitting tribute to one of the generation’s leading scholars, whose dedicated efforts as editor-in-chief have brought about the complete publication of the Dead Sea Scrolls.
This Festschrift is a fitting tribute to one of the generation’s leading scholars, whose dedicated efforts as editor-in-chief have brought about the complete publication of the Dead Sea Scrolls.
Buch
This study seeks to argue that Job 28 is an integral part of the book as it stands, and that it is Job's speech. Job 28 serves a special rhetorical function within the book, and more specifically within chapters 22-31.
This work provides a significant interpretative key to Job 28 within the most perplexing section of the book (Job 22-31). Job 28 is in contradictory juxtaposition with other sayings of Job. However, this study argues that such contradictory juxtaposition is a feature of Job's speeches in chapters 22-31, and is part of the author's strategy to make a rhetorical impact upon the audience.
This work provides a significant interpretative key to Job 28 within the most perplexing section of the book (Job 22-31). Job 28 is in contradictory juxtaposition with other sayings of Job. However, this study argues that such contradictory juxtaposition is a feature of Job's speeches in chapters 22-31, and is part of the author's strategy to make a rhetorical impact upon the audience.
Buch
This volume examines the formation, final form, themes, and interpretation of the Book of Leviticus. Contributors include well-known experts on Leviticus: Baruch Levine, Jacob Milgrom, Graeme Auld, Andreas Ruwe, and James Watts address Leviticus in its compositional and literary context; Alfred Marx, Mary Douglas, Walter Houston, and Adrian Schenker treat issues of cult and sacrifice; and Rene Peter-Contesse, Lester Grabbe, and Calum Carmichael discuss Leviticus on the priesthood. A groundbreaking section on Leviticus in translation and interpretation includes essays by Sarianna Metso and Eugene Ulrich, Martin McNamara, David Lane, Peter Flint, Robert Kugler, Bruce Chilton, Hannah Harrington, Gerhard Bodendorfer, Linda Schearing, and Judith Romney Wegner. These essays will serve students of Leviticus well for long time to come.
Buch
This monograph is a study of the perceptions reflected in the Book of Haggai regarding the primary social, political and religious institutions in early Persian Yehud. Special attention is given to the form and function of prophecy, and to the role of the prophet in society. The study includes a history of the criticism of Haggai, a study of the book’s redactional history and socio-political context, and an exegesis and literary analysis of the text. It concludes with an examination of the distinctive perspectives found in the book and the sociological and religious milieu that produced them. The work is particularly useful for its detailed analysis of the biblical text, its attention to recent literature on the early Persian period, and its multidisciplinary and integrative approach.
Buch
This volume publishes the papers given by invitation at the 17th Congress of the International Organization for the Study of the Old Testament, which was held in Basel from 5-10 August 2001.
It presents a state of the art of the current exegesis of the Hebrew Bible, taking into account the latest research in general linguistics and semitic philology, as well as textual criticism (Massora Magna, Septuagint, Qumran manuscripts), ethno-sociology and archaeology. Feminist biblical studies are duly represented as well as the last research on literary criticism on the Pentateuch, especially in its relation to other ancient Near Eastern texts (Neo-assyrian and Aramaic inscriptions). Finally, two contributions throw light on the problem of religious interpretation of the Bible (Resurrection of the Dead and Biblical Theology).
It presents a state of the art of the current exegesis of the Hebrew Bible, taking into account the latest research in general linguistics and semitic philology, as well as textual criticism (Massora Magna, Septuagint, Qumran manuscripts), ethno-sociology and archaeology. Feminist biblical studies are duly represented as well as the last research on literary criticism on the Pentateuch, especially in its relation to other ancient Near Eastern texts (Neo-assyrian and Aramaic inscriptions). Finally, two contributions throw light on the problem of religious interpretation of the Bible (Resurrection of the Dead and Biblical Theology).
Buch
The difficulties that biblical wisdom literature poses to the theologian are caused not only by its distinctiveness from other biblical traditions, but also by the internal tensions within it. The present book seeks to explore the nature and causes of these tensions.
The study carries out comprehensive comparison of the worldviews represented by Proverbs and Qoheleth, and the worlds that these reflect, looking at the aims and methods of their quest, their epistemologies, theological and cosmological perspectives, and their anthropological and social views.
The conclusion of the enquiry throws new light on the dynamics of the tension between thewe two books, questioning whether standard methods of Old Testament theology can do justice to the wisdom tradition, and at the same time, opening the door for new theological approaches to be devised.
The study carries out comprehensive comparison of the worldviews represented by Proverbs and Qoheleth, and the worlds that these reflect, looking at the aims and methods of their quest, their epistemologies, theological and cosmological perspectives, and their anthropological and social views.
The conclusion of the enquiry throws new light on the dynamics of the tension between thewe two books, questioning whether standard methods of Old Testament theology can do justice to the wisdom tradition, and at the same time, opening the door for new theological approaches to be devised.
Buch
This book presents new examinations of the reports of Josiah’s reform in 2 Kgs. 23:4-20 + 24 and 2 Chron. 34:3-7 and related biblical passages (especially 1 Kgs.12:33-13:32), concentrating on the likely compositional history of this material and its usefulness as a source for reconstructing the likely history of Josiah’s reign.
Chapter 1 introduces the inquiry, reviewing the state of the question and methodological caveats. Chapters 2-6 are devoted to issues of composition and redaction, Chapters 7-10 to issues of historical context and circumstance. Both literary and archaeological materials are considered. These studies contribute fresh analyses and new propositions to the scholarly discussion of this seminal moment in the history of biblical Israel.
Chapter 1 introduces the inquiry, reviewing the state of the question and methodological caveats. Chapters 2-6 are devoted to issues of composition and redaction, Chapters 7-10 to issues of historical context and circumstance. Both literary and archaeological materials are considered. These studies contribute fresh analyses and new propositions to the scholarly discussion of this seminal moment in the history of biblical Israel.
Buch
This book deals with the stories of Israelite complaint or murmuring in the wilderness found in the books of Exodus and Numbers that were composed and edited by the priesthood of ancient Israel. It discusses the significance of the theme of rebellion and complaint for the ancient priests and analyses the part they played in the development of the theme in the Pentateuch.
After a general introduction on the theme of murmuring and on the Priestly School, the book goes on to analyze four major priestly texts: the manna story (Exodus 16); the story of the Scouts (Numbers 13-14); the story of the rebellions surrounding the figure of Korah (Numbers 16-17) and the story of the Waters of Merivah (Numbers 20).
The significance of the book is two-fold. First, it develops a methodology that allows one to discriminate between early priestly narrative materials and later priestly editorial supplementation. Second, the work demonstrates the antiquity of the priestly narrative lore in the Pentateuch and the significant role which the priests played in creating and developing major narrative traditions in ancient Israel.
After a general introduction on the theme of murmuring and on the Priestly School, the book goes on to analyze four major priestly texts: the manna story (Exodus 16); the story of the Scouts (Numbers 13-14); the story of the rebellions surrounding the figure of Korah (Numbers 16-17) and the story of the Waters of Merivah (Numbers 20).
The significance of the book is two-fold. First, it develops a methodology that allows one to discriminate between early priestly narrative materials and later priestly editorial supplementation. Second, the work demonstrates the antiquity of the priestly narrative lore in the Pentateuch and the significant role which the priests played in creating and developing major narrative traditions in ancient Israel.
Buch
The marzēaḥ existed for 3000 years in the Semitic world, but is only mentioned in the First Testament at Amos 6:7 and Jer 16:5. Other prophetic texts have been proposed as allusions that do not use the term, but without using any consistent criteria. This study analyzes those allusions in light of the extra-biblical references.
The extra-biblical marzēaḥ references indicate three consistent features: upper-class drinking within a religious context. These elements provide the minimum criteria for evaluating possible allusions in the books of Amos, Hosea, Isaiah and Ezekiel, plus the direct references at Amos 6:7 and Jeremiah 16:5.
Combining all known references with the biblical allusions provides a single point of reference for future work on the marzēaḥ. This volume will be of special value to those interested in ancient Semitic religion.
The extra-biblical marzēaḥ references indicate three consistent features: upper-class drinking within a religious context. These elements provide the minimum criteria for evaluating possible allusions in the books of Amos, Hosea, Isaiah and Ezekiel, plus the direct references at Amos 6:7 and Jeremiah 16:5.
Combining all known references with the biblical allusions provides a single point of reference for future work on the marzēaḥ. This volume will be of special value to those interested in ancient Semitic religion.
Buch
This volume deals with the redaction history of the Book of Micah vis-à-vis the alternation of the oracles of judgement and the oracles of salvation in chapters 2-5.
The first part of the book offers a brief discussion of the most important hypotheses to account for the alternation of doom and hope that have been put forward over the last three or four decades: the composition model, the dialogue model and the redaction-historical model.
The second part of the book offers a detailed study of the text of Micah 2-5 followed by a thorough analysis of the form and literary development of the individual pericopes. The study is concluded by a fresh presentation of the redaction history of the Book of Micah.
The first part of the book offers a brief discussion of the most important hypotheses to account for the alternation of doom and hope that have been put forward over the last three or four decades: the composition model, the dialogue model and the redaction-historical model.
The second part of the book offers a detailed study of the text of Micah 2-5 followed by a thorough analysis of the form and literary development of the individual pericopes. The study is concluded by a fresh presentation of the redaction history of the Book of Micah.
Buch
In this collection of new essays, more than thirty leading scholars from Europe, North America and Israel examine the Composition and Reception of Daniel in eight sections:
Review of Scholarship and Context (J.J. Collins, M. Knibb); Near Eastern Milieu (K. van der Toorn, S. Paul, J. Walton); Interpretation of Specific Passages (D. Dimant, R. Kratz, A. Lacocque, E. Haag, J.-W. van Henten); Social Setting (R. Albertz, S. Beyerle, L. Grabbe, P. Davies, D. Smith-Christopher); Literary Context, including Qumran (J.-W. Wesselius, G. Boccaccini, P.W. Flint, L. Stuckenbruck, E. Eshel, J. Hobbins); Reception in Judaism and Christianity (K. Koch, C. Rowland, U. Gleßmer, C.A. Evans, J.D.G. Dunn, M. Henze); Textual History (E. Ulrich, A.A. Di Lella, K. Jenner) and Theology of Daniel (J. Goldingay, J. Barton, J. Lust).
This is the second volume to appear (following Writing and Reading the Scroll of Isaiah. Studies of an Interpretative Tradition) in the collection The Formation and Interpretation of Old Testament Literature, part of the series Supplements to Vetus Testamentum. Further volumes in preparation on the composition and reception of Old Testament books include Genesis, Leviticus, Kings, Psalms, and Proverbs.
This publication has also been published in paperback, please click here for details.
Review of Scholarship and Context (J.J. Collins, M. Knibb); Near Eastern Milieu (K. van der Toorn, S. Paul, J. Walton); Interpretation of Specific Passages (D. Dimant, R. Kratz, A. Lacocque, E. Haag, J.-W. van Henten); Social Setting (R. Albertz, S. Beyerle, L. Grabbe, P. Davies, D. Smith-Christopher); Literary Context, including Qumran (J.-W. Wesselius, G. Boccaccini, P.W. Flint, L. Stuckenbruck, E. Eshel, J. Hobbins); Reception in Judaism and Christianity (K. Koch, C. Rowland, U. Gleßmer, C.A. Evans, J.D.G. Dunn, M. Henze); Textual History (E. Ulrich, A.A. Di Lella, K. Jenner) and Theology of Daniel (J. Goldingay, J. Barton, J. Lust).
This is the second volume to appear (following Writing and Reading the Scroll of Isaiah. Studies of an Interpretative Tradition) in the collection The Formation and Interpretation of Old Testament Literature, part of the series Supplements to Vetus Testamentum. Further volumes in preparation on the composition and reception of Old Testament books include Genesis, Leviticus, Kings, Psalms, and Proverbs.
This publication has also been published in paperback, please click here for details.
Buch
In this collection of new essays, more than thirty leading scholars from Europe, North America and Israel examine the Composition and Reception of Daniel in eight sections:
Review of Scholarship and Context (J.J. Collins, M. Knibb); Near Eastern Milieu (K. van der Toorn, S. Paul, J. Walton); Interpretation of Specific Passages (D. Dimant, R. Kratz, A. Lacocque, E. Haag, J.-W. van Henten); Social Setting (R. Albertz, S. Beyerle, L. Grabbe, P. Davies, D. Smith-Christopher); Literary Context, including Qumran (J.-W. Wesselius, G. Boccaccini, P.W. Flint, L. Stuckenbruck, E. Eshel, J. Hobbins); Reception in Judaism and Christianity (K. Koch, C. Rowland, U. Gleßmer, C.A. Evans, J.D.G. Dunn, M. Henze); Textual History (E. Ulrich, A.A. Di Lella, K. Jenner) and Theology of Daniel (J. Goldingay, J. Barton, J. Lust).
This is the second volume to appear (following Writing and Reading the Scroll of Isaiah. Studies of an Interpretative Tradition) in the collection The Formation and Interpretation of Old Testament Literature, part of the series Supplements to Vetus Testamentum. Further volumes in preparation on the composition and reception of Old Testament books include Genesis, Leviticus, Kings, Psalms, and Proverbs.
This publication has also been published in paperback, please click here for details.
Review of Scholarship and Context (J.J. Collins, M. Knibb); Near Eastern Milieu (K. van der Toorn, S. Paul, J. Walton); Interpretation of Specific Passages (D. Dimant, R. Kratz, A. Lacocque, E. Haag, J.-W. van Henten); Social Setting (R. Albertz, S. Beyerle, L. Grabbe, P. Davies, D. Smith-Christopher); Literary Context, including Qumran (J.-W. Wesselius, G. Boccaccini, P.W. Flint, L. Stuckenbruck, E. Eshel, J. Hobbins); Reception in Judaism and Christianity (K. Koch, C. Rowland, U. Gleßmer, C.A. Evans, J.D.G. Dunn, M. Henze); Textual History (E. Ulrich, A.A. Di Lella, K. Jenner) and Theology of Daniel (J. Goldingay, J. Barton, J. Lust).
This is the second volume to appear (following Writing and Reading the Scroll of Isaiah. Studies of an Interpretative Tradition) in the collection The Formation and Interpretation of Old Testament Literature, part of the series Supplements to Vetus Testamentum. Further volumes in preparation on the composition and reception of Old Testament books include Genesis, Leviticus, Kings, Psalms, and Proverbs.
This publication has also been published in paperback, please click here for details.
Buch
The objective of the book is to examine the idea of retribution in the Book of Ezekiel.
The book seeks to show that underlying Ezekiel are three principles of retribution: covenant, the disposal of impurity, and poetic justice. That is to say, the consequence of an act is either governed by the terms of a covenant, or seen as the disposal of impurity produced by the act, or made to look like the act by incorporating some features of the act.
The present study shows that retribution can be juridical in nature as in the case of the covenant, but it can also be non-juridical as in the cases of disposal of impurity and poetic justice. This study also provides an examination of these three important ideas seldom noted in detail in current literature on Ezekiel.
The book seeks to show that underlying Ezekiel are three principles of retribution: covenant, the disposal of impurity, and poetic justice. That is to say, the consequence of an act is either governed by the terms of a covenant, or seen as the disposal of impurity produced by the act, or made to look like the act by incorporating some features of the act.
The present study shows that retribution can be juridical in nature as in the case of the covenant, but it can also be non-juridical as in the cases of disposal of impurity and poetic justice. This study also provides an examination of these three important ideas seldom noted in detail in current literature on Ezekiel.
Buch
This Congress Volume comprises not only the main lectures of the XVIth I.O.S.O.T. Congress, held in Oslo 1998, but also the interventions at the two panels on "Intertextuality and the Pluralism of Methods" and on "The Hebrew Bible and History". Both the main lectures and the panelists' interventions focus on current methodological problems and study central questions in the present study of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament in its environment.
Buch
In this book the author attempts to unravel the original narratives which underlie the biblical Book of Esther. She reconstructs the contents of three non-Jewish narratives: A wedding story, in which the foreign beauty (Esther) takes the place of the disobedient queen, and two court narratives, telling the story of the rivalry between two courtiers at the Persian court.
In exilic and postexilic times these basic narratives were merged into one topical and literarily well developed narrative, which expressed the problems connected with Jewish life in the diaspora.
The author shows that this text has been redactionally revised once more, in an attempt to adjust Palestinian Judaism to the Jewish communities that flourished in the diaspora. This redaction bears the hallmarks of Judaism’s clash with Hellenised political forces; Purim emerges as a succesful defense.
In exilic and postexilic times these basic narratives were merged into one topical and literarily well developed narrative, which expressed the problems connected with Jewish life in the diaspora.
The author shows that this text has been redactionally revised once more, in an attempt to adjust Palestinian Judaism to the Jewish communities that flourished in the diaspora. This redaction bears the hallmarks of Judaism’s clash with Hellenised political forces; Purim emerges as a succesful defense.
Buch
This book is presented to Professor Zecharia Kallai, one of the leading scholars of Historical Geography of the Bible, by his students and friends. It contains a collection of studies in Historical Geography and Biblical Historiography.
The book is divided into three parts: Historical Geography, Biblical History and Historiography, and Texts and Textual Studies. The book is concluded with a list of Kallai’s publications.
Part one contains articles by Shmuel Ahituv, Aaron Demsky, Volkmar Fritz, Gershon Galil, M. Heltzer, André Lemaire, Zeev Safrai, B. Oded and Joshua Schwartz. Part two contains articles by Yairah Amit, Graeme Auld, David Elgavish, Moshe Garsiel, E.L. Greenstein, A.F. Rainey, Shmuel Vargon. And part three contains articles by Yitzhak Avishur, Bob Becking, Moshe Elat, Bezalel Porten & Ada Yardeni, Moshe Weinfeld and Ze’ev Weisman.
The book is divided into three parts: Historical Geography, Biblical History and Historiography, and Texts and Textual Studies. The book is concluded with a list of Kallai’s publications.
Part one contains articles by Shmuel Ahituv, Aaron Demsky, Volkmar Fritz, Gershon Galil, M. Heltzer, André Lemaire, Zeev Safrai, B. Oded and Joshua Schwartz. Part two contains articles by Yairah Amit, Graeme Auld, David Elgavish, Moshe Garsiel, E.L. Greenstein, A.F. Rainey, Shmuel Vargon. And part three contains articles by Yitzhak Avishur, Bob Becking, Moshe Elat, Bezalel Porten & Ada Yardeni, Moshe Weinfeld and Ze’ev Weisman.
Buch
Ancient evidence reveals that the earliest, written translation of the Bible in Greek was completed in Alexandria in 281 BCE, probably by seventy-one scholars, invited especially from Judaea by Ptolemy II.
The work was organised by Demetrius of Phalerum, the trusted librarian of Ptolemy II, and the translation was made despite Jewish opposition and the project's high cost. Ptolemy wanted the translation to increase his famous library, to attract scholars to Alexandria and to start his reign with an impressive event. The date of the translation, early in the reign of Ptolemy II, shows that the library was built by Ptolemy Lagus, and that Demetrius of Phalerum was first placed in charge.
The work was organised by Demetrius of Phalerum, the trusted librarian of Ptolemy II, and the translation was made despite Jewish opposition and the project's high cost. Ptolemy wanted the translation to increase his famous library, to attract scholars to Alexandria and to start his reign with an impressive event. The date of the translation, early in the reign of Ptolemy II, shows that the library was built by Ptolemy Lagus, and that Demetrius of Phalerum was first placed in charge.
Buch
This volume is a collection of essays on prophecy and apocalyptic, and is compiled in honour of Anthony Gelston. The theme has been chosen to coincide with the dawn of the new millennium in the year 2000. The essays examine the following: Balaam's oracles in Numbers, Philo and the Aramaic Targums; the future in the Books of Chronicles; Job 19:25; the shape of the Psalter; Isaiah 11:6-9; Isaiah 51:6; the value of human life in Ezekiel; Calvin, Pusey and Robertson Smith's commentaries on Hosea; Qoheleth, Hosea and attribution in biblical literature; the social background of Malachi; apocalyptic and early Jewish wisdom literature; Judith, Tobit, Ahiqar and History; 1 Corinthians 15:54; Revelation 4-5; the writings of Aphrahat, Šubḥalmaran, George Stanley Faber and Cotton Mather.
Buch
This study analyses the book of Ezekiel as a tool of communication, arguing that the book was designed to shape the self-understanding of the exilic community.
A discussion of the historical context precedes a chapter that deals with the basic thrust and literary arrangement of Ezekiel. A detailed examination of individual rhetorical techniques (use of the watchman motif, legal traditions, emotional language, and others) and of crucial passages (especially 24:15-27 and 37:1-14) follows. The final chapter explores the book's suitability for the situation for which it was designed.
This work gives readers the opportunity to study the book of Ezekiel as a whole and to explore some of its intricacies. Its methodology is an example of the fruitful integration of traditional critical methods and more recent literary and sociological approaches.
This publication has also been published in paperback, please click here for details.
A discussion of the historical context precedes a chapter that deals with the basic thrust and literary arrangement of Ezekiel. A detailed examination of individual rhetorical techniques (use of the watchman motif, legal traditions, emotional language, and others) and of crucial passages (especially 24:15-27 and 37:1-14) follows. The final chapter explores the book's suitability for the situation for which it was designed.
This work gives readers the opportunity to study the book of Ezekiel as a whole and to explore some of its intricacies. Its methodology is an example of the fruitful integration of traditional critical methods and more recent literary and sociological approaches.
This publication has also been published in paperback, please click here for details.
Buch
This book deals with central and universal issues of reward, punishment and forgiveness for the first time in a compact and comprehensive way. Until now these themes have received far too little attention in scholarly research both in their own right and in their interrelationship. The scope of this study is to present them in relation to the foundations of our culture. These and related issues are treated primarily within the Hebrew Bible, using the methods of literary analysis. The centrality of these themes in all religions and all cultures has resulted, however, in a comparative investigation, drawing attention to the problem of terminology, the importance of Greek culture for the European tradition, and the fusion of Greek and Jewish-Christian cultures in our modern philosophical and theological systems. This broad perspective shows that the biblical personalist understanding of divine authority and of human righteousness or guilt provides the personalist key to the search for reconciliation in a divided world.
Buch
This volume contains thirty-eight studies devoted to the Septuagint written by an internationally recognised expert on that version and its relation the Hebrew Bible. The author's experience on these topics is based on more that three decades of work within the Hebrew University Bible Project, the Computer Assisted Tools for Septuagint Studies project, and annual courses on the Septuagint given at the Hebrew University. These studies, originally published between 1971 and 1997, deal with the following subjects: general topics, lexicography, translation technique and exegesis, the Septuagint and textual and literary criticism of the Hebrew Bible, and the revisions of the Septuagint.
All the studies included in this monograph have been revised, expanded, or shortened, in some cases considerably, and they integrate studies which appeared subsequent to the original monographs.
All the studies included in this monograph have been revised, expanded, or shortened, in some cases considerably, and they integrate studies which appeared subsequent to the original monographs.
Buch
This is the first detailed study that critically compares and contrasts the wisdom sentences of the Book of Proverbs with classical and post-classical Arabic proverbs; reference is also made to current Arabic proverbs.
The wisdom tradition of Solomon is examined and is compared to that of the Arab sage Luqmân. The book deals with three main themes that are of special significance both in the Book of Proverbs and in Arabic proverbial works: royalty, speech and silence, wealth and poverty.
The book concludes with a study of some form-critical and traditio-historical aspects of the treated proverbs.
Hundreds of classical Arabic proverbs and wisdom sayings of Prophet Muḥammad appear for the first time in English.
The wisdom tradition of Solomon is examined and is compared to that of the Arab sage Luqmân. The book deals with three main themes that are of special significance both in the Book of Proverbs and in Arabic proverbial works: royalty, speech and silence, wealth and poverty.
The book concludes with a study of some form-critical and traditio-historical aspects of the treated proverbs.
Hundreds of classical Arabic proverbs and wisdom sayings of Prophet Muḥammad appear for the first time in English.
Buch
This volume deals with the question of the "deuteronomistic history" in the Old Testament and attempts to demonstrate that such a uniform history never existed; the books of Deuteronomy - 2 Kings do not contain such a history.
The first part of the book shows that there is no homogenous conceptual framework in the deuteronomistic historical books. For example, different concepts of sin and punishment are found. Even the destruction of Judah and Jerusalem does not represent a "Leitmotiv" of divine punishment.
The second part of the book deals with problems relating to the various deuteronomistic redactions in the historical books of the Old Testament.
In this book the author introduces new perspectives in the discussion of a central problem of Old Testament scholarship.
The first part of the book shows that there is no homogenous conceptual framework in the deuteronomistic historical books. For example, different concepts of sin and punishment are found. Even the destruction of Judah and Jerusalem does not represent a "Leitmotiv" of divine punishment.
The second part of the book deals with problems relating to the various deuteronomistic redactions in the historical books of the Old Testament.
In this book the author introduces new perspectives in the discussion of a central problem of Old Testament scholarship.
Buch
This volume contains the papers presented to a symposium organized by the Theological Faculty of the University of Groningen on the occasion of the seventieth birthday of Adam S. van der Woude, former Professor of Old Testament and Early Judaism and former head of the Qumran Institute at the same Faculty.
The essays, eight in English and four in German, explore (through case studies) the developments over the last few years in the different areas of study of the Old Testament and of Early Judaism, observe the new perspectives opened in these areas and map the directions in which the research will be moving in the third millennium.
The volume also includes a German version of the public lecture on the significance of the Dead Sea Scrolls for the Study of Old Testament and of Early Judaism delivered in Dutch by Van der Woude during the symposium.
The essays, eight in English and four in German, explore (through case studies) the developments over the last few years in the different areas of study of the Old Testament and of Early Judaism, observe the new perspectives opened in these areas and map the directions in which the research will be moving in the third millennium.
The volume also includes a German version of the public lecture on the significance of the Dead Sea Scrolls for the Study of Old Testament and of Early Judaism delivered in Dutch by Van der Woude during the symposium.
Buch
The volume deals with the Septuagint version of Isaiah 23, the Oracle of Tyre. The text of this chapter serves as an illustration of a comprehensive method of analysis which is described in the first part of the book.
After a study of the Masoretic text the Septuagint version is dealt with from several points of view: in comparison with the Masoretic text, as text in its own right, as to its genre ('vision'), and concerning its Hebrew Vorlage. Due attention is paid to the Isaiah texts from Qumran.
The last part of the book contains a chapter on the reception of LXX Isaiah 23 in patristic commentaries and also an appendix of text critical notes on Isaiah 23 according to the principles of the Biblica Hebraica Quinta.
After a study of the Masoretic text the Septuagint version is dealt with from several points of view: in comparison with the Masoretic text, as text in its own right, as to its genre ('vision'), and concerning its Hebrew Vorlage. Due attention is paid to the Isaiah texts from Qumran.
The last part of the book contains a chapter on the reception of LXX Isaiah 23 in patristic commentaries and also an appendix of text critical notes on Isaiah 23 according to the principles of the Biblica Hebraica Quinta.
Buch
This monograph deals with an important but unexplored document of Hellenistic Judaism. The question of "Hellenistic influence" is addressed on the basis of an analysis of a representative number of chapters of Septuagint Proverbs (1, 2, 6, 8, 9, 24, 29, 30 and 31). Scholars have argued that this book was influenced extensively by Greek philosophy.
The author follows a contextual cultural method. The Greek text is analysed on four levels: the semantic, syntactical, stylistic (which represents the translation technique of the translator), and finally the "theological" level.
This study represents the first exhaustive analysis of the theme. The conclusion is that the impact of Stoicism on this Greek version has been overestimated in the past. Novel views are also formulated concerning the role of the law in LXX Proverbs, its historical setting and its text-critical value.
The author follows a contextual cultural method. The Greek text is analysed on four levels: the semantic, syntactical, stylistic (which represents the translation technique of the translator), and finally the "theological" level.
This study represents the first exhaustive analysis of the theme. The conclusion is that the impact of Stoicism on this Greek version has been overestimated in the past. Novel views are also formulated concerning the role of the law in LXX Proverbs, its historical setting and its text-critical value.
Buch
This volume publishes the papers given by invitation at the fifteenth Congress of the International Organization for the Study of the Old Testament, which was held at Cambridge in July 1995, under the Presidency of J.A. Emerton. The articles cover a wide range of subjects relevant to the study of the Old Testament, and reflect the ongoing debate on a variety of themes among the world's leading contemporary Old Testament scholars.
Buch
This first part of a 2-volume work, this study combines recent approaches that treat the formation and early interpretation of the final form of the book of Isaiah with the more conventional historical-critical methods that treat the use of traditions by Isaiah's authors and editors. Studies investigate Isaiah's use of early sacred tradition, the editing and contextualization of oracles within the Isaianic tradition itself, and the interpretation of the book of Isaiah in later traditions (as seen in the various versions of the text and various communities).
Contributors of this volume include virtually all of the major scholars of Isaiah and the leading scholars of biblical interpretation in the intertestamental, New Testament, and early Jewish periods.
Contributors of this volume include virtually all of the major scholars of Isaiah and the leading scholars of biblical interpretation in the intertestamental, New Testament, and early Jewish periods.
Buch
The second part of a 2-volume work, this study combines recent approaches that treat the formation and early interpretation of the final form of the book of Isaiah with the more conventional historical-critical methods that treat the use of traditions by Isaiah's authors and editors. Studies investigate Isaiah's use of early sacred tradition, the editing and contextualization of oracles within the Isaianic tradition itself, and the interpretation of the book of Isaiah in later traditions (as seen in the various versions of the text and various communities).
Contributors of this volume include virtually all of the major scholars of Isaiah and the leading scholars of biblical interpretation in the intertestamental, New Testament, and early Jewish periods.
Contributors of this volume include virtually all of the major scholars of Isaiah and the leading scholars of biblical interpretation in the intertestamental, New Testament, and early Jewish periods.
Buch
This work proposes a reconstruction of the thought world underlying the Holiness Code (Leviticus 17-26). It focuses on the notions of people and land, which are central to the way the law is presented in this corpus. Important themes treated include the sons of Israel, the resident alien, the call to holiness, the camp in the desert and the land as the property of the Lord.
The conceptual universe of the Holiness Code is entirely dominated by the notion of the presence of the Lord in his sanctuary, in the midst of his people. It is this presence which requires the Israelites to observe holiness and confers upon the land its particular status.
The priestly conception of the relationship between God, people and land finds interesting parallels in the ideology of holy places evidenced in writings from the Ancient Near East.
The conceptual universe of the Holiness Code is entirely dominated by the notion of the presence of the Lord in his sanctuary, in the midst of his people. It is this presence which requires the Israelites to observe holiness and confers upon the land its particular status.
The priestly conception of the relationship between God, people and land finds interesting parallels in the ideology of holy places evidenced in writings from the Ancient Near East.
Buch
This volume deals with the Hebrew texts of all nine manuscripts discovered between 1896 and 1982 of the Book of Ben Sira that is reckoned among the deuterocanonical biblical wisdom literature and was written in Jerusalem about 180 BCE. In the first part of this volume the Hebrew manuscripts are offered in facsimile, i.e. presenting the real textual state of the recovered texts. The second part of this volume offers in a more convenient and functional way than in former text editions a synopsis of all Hebrew Ben Sira texts which are available in more than one manuscript.
Buch
This book examines the way in which the story of the flood in Genesis 6-9 presents the ethical question of the value of human life. The sources J and P are examined to see how their combination in the canonical text enhances interpretation.
Several themes of the story are studied including the causes of the flood, the righteousness of Noah, God's repentance, creation and uncreation, the covenant and the image of God. The work concludes by arguing that the value of human life is found in man's relation to God (Gen. 9:6).
Several themes of the story are studied including the causes of the flood, the righteousness of Noah, God's repentance, creation and uncreation, the covenant and the image of God. The work concludes by arguing that the value of human life is found in man's relation to God (Gen. 9:6).
Buch
This volume examines reflexes of a West Semitic myth describing an attempted coup against the high god of the pantheon. In 1939, J. Morgenstern theorized that this myth was the precursor of the Satan traditions found in Jewish and Christian sources. This treatment (1) reconsiders Morgenstern's hypothesis, (2) reviews scholarship on this myth of cosmic rebellion within the W.F. Albright/F.M. Cross, Jr. lineage, (3) compiles a concordance of texts cited by scholars in analyzing the myth, (4) considers the possibility that Athtar is the myth's divine antihero, (5) provides a translation and close reading of selected Ugaritic and Hebrew texts that have informed discussion about the myth, (6) reassesses the value of these texts, and (7) provides a reconstruction of the myth.
Buch
Rhetoric and Redaction in Trito-Isaiah attempts to integrate the insights of rhetorical criticism into a diachronic study of Isaiah 56-66. Whereas previous, redaction-critical approaches to these chapters have tended to be strongly fissive in their treatment of this material, insights from rhetorical and stylistic criticism are used here to emphasize the elements of unity and coherence in longer sections of text, and to provide additional criteria by which to delimit and structure sections of this poetry. On this basis, a number of new proposals will be presented concerning the structure and extent of the poems in Isaiah 56-59 and 65-66.
The two concluding chapters, building upon the insights from the preceding section, develop a whole series of new suggestions concerning the old problems of the authorship and historical background of Isaiah 56-66.
The two concluding chapters, building upon the insights from the preceding section, develop a whole series of new suggestions concerning the old problems of the authorship and historical background of Isaiah 56-66.
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This volume describes how the rhetorical devices used in Judges inspire its readers to support a divinely appointed Judahite king who endorses the deuteronomic agenda to rid the land of foreigners, to maintain inter-tribal loyalty to YHWH's cult, and to uphold social justice.
Matters of rhetorical concern interpreted here include the superimposed cycle-motif and tribal-political schemata, concerns reflected in the plot-layers of each hero story, the force of narrative analogy for characterization, the strategy of entrapment which foreshadows portrayals of Saul and David in 1 Samuel, and the relation between Judges' implied situation of composition and its compiler's intention.
In addition to offering new insights into the rhetorical strategy of the Judges compiler, this book illustrates a new method for understanding how plot-layered stories work.
Matters of rhetorical concern interpreted here include the superimposed cycle-motif and tribal-political schemata, concerns reflected in the plot-layers of each hero story, the force of narrative analogy for characterization, the strategy of entrapment which foreshadows portrayals of Saul and David in 1 Samuel, and the relation between Judges' implied situation of composition and its compiler's intention.
In addition to offering new insights into the rhetorical strategy of the Judges compiler, this book illustrates a new method for understanding how plot-layered stories work.
Buch
The twenty articles collected in this volume cover a wide range of subjects concerned with the Old Testament: religion (the divine name Shaddai; dominant religious ideas between 1500 and 600 B.C.; exclusiveness; the kingship of God), The Pentateuch (Genesis xviiii-xix; Og's iron bed; laws in Deuteronomy and Middle Assyrian laws; the Pentateuch, The Deuteronomist and Spinoza), the historical books, history and archaeology (Ugarit and Israelite origins; Arameans; the system of the twelve tribes of Israel; the text of the historical books; 1 Kings xiii; places for women in Israelite cities), the prophetical books (Amos and Hosea; Isaiah), The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha (Women in Ecclesiasticus and Judith; the origin of evil in apocalyptic and the Dead Sea Scrolls), and literary conventions (the explicit and the implicit; proleptic summaries). The articles (in English, French or German) were written by scholars with varying religious backgrounds from various countries, and were originally read at a Congress in Paris of the International Organization for the Study of the Old Testament in 1992.
Buch
Ce volume est Ia suite de S. P. Brock, C.T. Fritsch et S. Jellicoe, A Classified Bibliography of the Septuagint (Brill, Leiden 1973) pour les publications parues sur la Septante entre 1970 et 1993. Cette bibliographie regroupe d'abord les études sur le texte grec proprement dit- éditions, langue des traducteurs, techniques de traduction, critique textuelle, manuscrits de Ia Septante trouvés à Qumrân, réception dans le judaïsme hellénistique (Philon, Flavius Josèphe) et le christianisme ancien (Nouveau Testament et Pères). Viennent ensuite les études particulières, classées par livre biblique, suivies des études sur les versions, orientales et latines, issues de la Septante. Le volume s'achève sur les travaux consacrés aux illustrations de la Septante.
Cet instrument de travail s'adresse à tous ceux qui s'intéressent à la Bible, au judaïsme et au christianisme de l'Antiquité.
This volume is a successor to A Classified Bibliography of the Septuagint (Brill, Leiden 1973), by S.P. Brock, C.T. Fritsch and S. Jellicoe, for the literature on the Septuagint published between 1970 and 1993.
It includes general publications on the Greek text — editions, language, translators' techniques, textual criticism, Septuagint manuscripts from Qumran and the use of the Septuagint in Ancient Judaism (Philon, Josephus) and Christianity (New Testament and Patristica). Particular studies are then classified by the individual books of the Bible, followed by literature on Oriental and Latin versions derived from the Septuagint. The studies on the illustrations of the Septuagint are included at the end.
This reference tool will be indispensable for scholars or students interested in Bible, Judaism and Christianity in Late Antiquity.
Cet instrument de travail s'adresse à tous ceux qui s'intéressent à la Bible, au judaïsme et au christianisme de l'Antiquité.
This volume is a successor to A Classified Bibliography of the Septuagint (Brill, Leiden 1973), by S.P. Brock, C.T. Fritsch and S. Jellicoe, for the literature on the Septuagint published between 1970 and 1993.
It includes general publications on the Greek text — editions, language, translators' techniques, textual criticism, Septuagint manuscripts from Qumran and the use of the Septuagint in Ancient Judaism (Philon, Josephus) and Christianity (New Testament and Patristica). Particular studies are then classified by the individual books of the Bible, followed by literature on Oriental and Latin versions derived from the Septuagint. The studies on the illustrations of the Septuagint are included at the end.
This reference tool will be indispensable for scholars or students interested in Bible, Judaism and Christianity in Late Antiquity.
Buch
Ezekiel and the Leaders of Israel explores the attitudes expressed in the Book of Ezekiel towards the various different leadership groups within Judean society: the monarchy, the priests and Levites, the prophets, and the lay leadership (including zᵉqēnîm, śārîm and other ruling classes). The thesis is advanced that there is a coherent and connected attitude taken toward these leadership groups throughout the book: those singled out for the most reproach in Ezekiel's critique of the past are marginalized in his plan for the future, while those who escape blame are assigned positions of honour. It is not simply a matter of tinkering with the status of a single group in society, but rather a radical and complete restructuring, designed to avoid repetition of the sins of the past.
Buch
Synopse des lois du Pentateuque contains synopses in Hebrew of the different laws of the Pentateuch arranged thematically. The main collections and lists are followed in succession and in their entirety.
The main part of the work consists of the synopses. The laws figure in them according to the collections and lists to which they belong. Secondary parallels indicate allusions to or quotations from the Old Testament. The introduction gives the methodological principles of the work and explains how to use it. Tables enable the student to visualise all the parallels quickly. Notes explain the choices that have been made.
In order to study the laws, it is essential to compare them. This book facilitates research into the pentateuchal collections and lists, as it does into special prescriptions, rites or institutes.
The main part of the work consists of the synopses. The laws figure in them according to the collections and lists to which they belong. Secondary parallels indicate allusions to or quotations from the Old Testament. The introduction gives the methodological principles of the work and explains how to use it. Tables enable the student to visualise all the parallels quickly. Notes explain the choices that have been made.
In order to study the laws, it is essential to compare them. This book facilitates research into the pentateuchal collections and lists, as it does into special prescriptions, rites or institutes.
Buch
Scribes and Translators is a critical reflection on the textual pluralism as reflected in the book of Kings.
The first part of the book examines the diverse texts transmitted by the manuscripts. Special attention is paid to the Antiochene text of the Septuagint that is being edited in Madrid. The second part is devoted to the analysis of Old Latin readings, transmitted by a Spanish family of Vulgate Bibles, with no support in any of the known manuscripts. Finally, the whole evidence is discussed in the frame of the plurality of texts confirmed by the Qumran documents for those books.
Based on Old Latin material recently published it sheds light on the text transmission of Kings and on the translation techniques and the history of the Biblical texts in general.
The first part of the book examines the diverse texts transmitted by the manuscripts. Special attention is paid to the Antiochene text of the Septuagint that is being edited in Madrid. The second part is devoted to the analysis of Old Latin readings, transmitted by a Spanish family of Vulgate Bibles, with no support in any of the known manuscripts. Finally, the whole evidence is discussed in the frame of the plurality of texts confirmed by the Qumran documents for those books.
Based on Old Latin material recently published it sheds light on the text transmission of Kings and on the translation techniques and the history of the Biblical texts in general.
Buch
The present monograph is the first, since 1848, to be entirely devoted to the study of the cereal offerings. Its purpose is to attract attention to a form of sacrifice which was largely neglected and solely considered as an appendix to the animal sacrifice.
The study of their substance, ritual and the circumstances in which the cereal offerings are brought to God demonstrates their great complexity as well as their specific function.
His vegetarian utopia has led P to give the cereal offerings a prominent place among the sacrifices. A similar appreciation of the cereal offerings is also found among the Essenes, and, finally, in the Christian Last Supper.
The study of their substance, ritual and the circumstances in which the cereal offerings are brought to God demonstrates their great complexity as well as their specific function.
His vegetarian utopia has led P to give the cereal offerings a prominent place among the sacrifices. A similar appreciation of the cereal offerings is also found among the Essenes, and, finally, in the Christian Last Supper.
Buch
The Ugaritic Baal Cycle offers a translation and the first commentary on the Ugaritic Baal Cycle. The longest and most important religious text from ancient Ugarit, the Baal Cycle witnesses to both the religious worldview of Ugarit and the larger background to many of the formative religious concepts and images in the Bible. The volume treats introductory matters such as date, order and continuity of the tablets, the history of interpretation, and finally a new proposal for the interpretation of text drawing on the insights of previous views as well as newer evidence. The commentary proper provides bibliography, text, textual notes, literary structure and detailed commentary for each column in the first two tablets.
Buch
Josua und Salomo puts forward the thesis that the literary figure of the successor was created by circles who strongly relied on the book of Deuteronomy. In order to construct the ideal of a successor they used the characters of Joshua and Solomon and implemented the results of their theological reflection which were unleashed by the complete destruction of the pre-exilic political, social and religious organization of the nation. The figure of Joshua combines all the treats of their theological conception of an ideal political leader, whereas the figure of Solomon demonstrates the dangers which are implied in monarchical succession. From the theological perspective of deuteronomism “Solomon” and “Joshua” are opposite characters. The deuteronomic concepts of God and authority play a central role for the reflection on both characters.
Buch
Studies in Deuteronomy was compiled as a respectful tribute to Professor C.J. Labuschagne and was presented to him on the occasion of his 65th birthday. The choice of the book of Deuteronomy as a fitting topic for a collection of commemorative essays reflects the focus of Professor Labuschagne's own research on this part of the Bible in recent years.
The essays, which employ a variety of methodological approaches to the study of Deuteronomy, deal with such subjects as Masoretic, Septuagintal and Qumran variations in the text of Deuteronomy, Deuteronomic elements in other biblical books, and the reception history of Deuteronomy in the Jewish and Christian worlds. Included also is a first edition of some Deuteronomy manuscripts from Qumran, Masada and Nahal Hever.
The essays, which employ a variety of methodological approaches to the study of Deuteronomy, deal with such subjects as Masoretic, Septuagintal and Qumran variations in the text of Deuteronomy, Deuteronomic elements in other biblical books, and the reception history of Deuteronomy in the Jewish and Christian worlds. Included also is a first edition of some Deuteronomy manuscripts from Qumran, Masada and Nahal Hever.
Buch
Le présent ouvrage tente la mise en oeuvre de l'analyse structurelle pour vingt psaumes, soit les Pss. 52, 54-60, 108, 62, 64-66, 78-80, 91-92, et le grand Ps. 119. Son ambition est de montrer à quel point l'architecture de ces textes en conditionne et en ouvre l'interprétation. Les considérer comme des ensembles structurés, faisant jouer entre les diverses unités des rapports multiples et ordonnés, est nécessaire à leur compréhension. A l'occasion on montre comment l'analyse structurelle permet de mieux saisir l'enchaînement des psaumes consécutifs dans le Psautier, ou encore les rapports entre psaumes opérant entre eux d'importants emprunts (57, 60, 108). Ici sera donc pris en compte en priorité le texte lui-même tel qu'il se présente à nous, afin de saisir ces clefs d'interprétation qui y sont inscrites. L'ouvrage devrait retenir l'attention non seulement des spécialistes des Psaumes, mais encore de quiconque entend les connaître de près. Les études qu'il contient ont été à cette fin basées sur une traduction littérale de chaque psaume, sans renoncer pour autant à recourir, chaque fois que cela s'est avéré nécessaire, au texte hébreu.
Buch
This book focuses on the interpretation of Malachi 2:10-16, which censures the lax marital practice of its contemporaries. In particular, Hugenberger investigates Malachi's identification of marriage as a "covenant" in response to recent scholarly challenges to this identification.
Taking the issues raised by Malachi as his point of departure, Hugenberger examines the nature of covenant and oath (including verba solemnia and oath-signs), and, in light of these findings, explores the theory of marriage implied elsewhere in the Old Testament. Included in this investigation are an analysis of the concentric literary structure of Malachi and a study of the Old Testament's ethical perspectives on divorce, polygamy, and sexual fidelity.
An extensive bibliography and indices complete the book.
Taking the issues raised by Malachi as his point of departure, Hugenberger examines the nature of covenant and oath (including verba solemnia and oath-signs), and, in light of these findings, explores the theory of marriage implied elsewhere in the Old Testament. Included in this investigation are an analysis of the concentric literary structure of Malachi and a study of the Old Testament's ethical perspectives on divorce, polygamy, and sexual fidelity.
An extensive bibliography and indices complete the book.
Buch
This volume is concerned with the origin and development of the Targum to the Prophets, focusing for this purpose upon the Twelve Prophets (from Nahum to Malachi).
A wide-ranging introductory chapter sets current research in context by surveying almost two centuries of Targumic study. It is argued that the evidence in the extant text for a Second Commonwealth phase in the Targum's history is meagre and that, in particular, the Qumran Habakkuk pesher is not dependent upon the Targum to Habakkuk.
Other issues discussed are the Hebrew Vorlage of the Targum, incipit formulae, 'Additional Targum' and the standard Targum, the haggadah in the Targum to Zechariah 3 in the light of a (so-called) Eastern Aramaic linguistic element, Targum and Peshiṭta, land and divine presence, and the final redaction of the Targum.
A wide-ranging introductory chapter sets current research in context by surveying almost two centuries of Targumic study. It is argued that the evidence in the extant text for a Second Commonwealth phase in the Targum's history is meagre and that, in particular, the Qumran Habakkuk pesher is not dependent upon the Targum to Habakkuk.
Other issues discussed are the Hebrew Vorlage of the Targum, incipit formulae, 'Additional Targum' and the standard Targum, the haggadah in the Targum to Zechariah 3 in the light of a (so-called) Eastern Aramaic linguistic element, Targum and Peshiṭta, land and divine presence, and the final redaction of the Targum.
Buch
This book is published as a Festschrift on the occasion of the 70th birthday of professor Eduard Nielsen (Copenhagen). In accordance with the main themes of Eduard Nielsen's scholarly works the articles concentrate on the history of early Israel, i.e. Israel before the classical prophets in the 8th century B.C., and on literary traditions referring to this phase of Israelite history. The articles are concerned with topics in the Books of the Pentateuch, with the epoch of King David, as well as with archaeology, Canaanite traditions etc. Eduard Nielsen's bibliography is included at the end of the book.
Buch
Direct speech appears on nearly every page of the Hebrew Bible, and the large number of publications on direct discourse in the Bible highlights the importance of the subject for biblical studies. However, thus far only isolated aspects of the various problems that direct discourse presents have received attention.
Studies of individual verbs introducing direct discourse, such as "answer", "speak", "say", and others are necessarily atomistic, even though appropriate in their own right. Other markers of direct discourse, such as "Thus said Yahweh", or "oracle of Yahweh", tend to be treated as theological constructs isolated from the larger issues of direct discourse marking in general. Speaking of Speaking aims to enrich the reading of the biblical text by offering a coordinated analysis of all such markers, not only in order to consolidate a considerable body of work that is often overlooked by scholars, but also to move further toward a synthesis that can permit informed generalizations not possible at the present time.
The comprehensive index facilitates the use of this book as a valuable reference tool. The exegetical, literary, and theological findings of this book will be of great significance for all levels of research in biblical studies.
Studies of individual verbs introducing direct discourse, such as "answer", "speak", "say", and others are necessarily atomistic, even though appropriate in their own right. Other markers of direct discourse, such as "Thus said Yahweh", or "oracle of Yahweh", tend to be treated as theological constructs isolated from the larger issues of direct discourse marking in general. Speaking of Speaking aims to enrich the reading of the biblical text by offering a coordinated analysis of all such markers, not only in order to consolidate a considerable body of work that is often overlooked by scholars, but also to move further toward a synthesis that can permit informed generalizations not possible at the present time.
The comprehensive index facilitates the use of this book as a valuable reference tool. The exegetical, literary, and theological findings of this book will be of great significance for all levels of research in biblical studies.
Buch
The present volume was compiled as a respectful tribute to A.S. van der Woude and presented to him on the occasion of his 65th birthday, which coincided with his retirement as professor of Old Testament and Intertestamental Studies at the University of Groningen, a chair he held for more than thirty years.
The title of this Festschrift, The Scriptures and the Scrolls, reflects the two fields of study to which he has devoted his scholarly life, not only by doing research himself, but also by stimulating many of his colleagues to collaborate in publications initiated by him.
The contributions, a mélange of studies covering the wide range of Van der Woude's interests, have been arranged according to the order: Hebrew Bible (following the sequence of the books), Apocrypha, Dead Sea Scrolls, and Rabbinic Tradition.
From the Contents:
E. Tov, '4QLevd (4Q26)'
C.J. Labuschagne, ''You Shall not Boil a Kid in its Mother's Milk'. A New Proposal for the Origin of the Prohibition.'
J.A. Emerton, 'The Translation of Isaiah 5,1.'
J.T.A.G.M. van Ruiten, 'The Intertextual Relationship between Isa 11, 6-9 and Isa 65, 25.'
W.A.M. Beuken, 'Isa 29, 15-24: Perversion Reverted.'
W. McKane, 'Jeremiah 30, 1-3, Especially 'Israel.''
R.P. Carroll, 'Night without Vision. Micah and the Prophets.'
C. van Leeuwen, 'The 'Northern One' in the Composition of Joel, 2, 19-27.'
G. Wallis, A Note on Ps 45, 7aα.'
M.J. Mulder, 'Does Canticles 6, 12 Make Sense?'
B. Otzen, 'Michael and Gabriel. Angelological Problems in the Book of Daniel.'
J.P.M. van der Ploeg, 'Some Remarks on a Newly Found Syriac Text of the Book of Judith.'
A. Hilhorst, 'The Speech on Truth in 1 Esdras 4, 34-41.'
P.R. Davies, 'Redaction and Sectarianism in the Qumran Scrolls.'
M.A. Knibb, 'A Note on 4Q372 and 4Q390.'
F. García Martínez, 'The Last Surviving Columns of 11QNJ.'
G. Stemberger, 'The Maccabees in Rabbinic Tradition.'
J. Neusner, 'How the Bavli Shaped Rabbinic Discourse: The Case of Sifra.'
J.W. Rogerson, 'Writing the History of Israel in the 17th and 18th Centuries.'
F. García Martínez, 'Bibliography of A.S. van der Woude.'
The title of this Festschrift, The Scriptures and the Scrolls, reflects the two fields of study to which he has devoted his scholarly life, not only by doing research himself, but also by stimulating many of his colleagues to collaborate in publications initiated by him.
The contributions, a mélange of studies covering the wide range of Van der Woude's interests, have been arranged according to the order: Hebrew Bible (following the sequence of the books), Apocrypha, Dead Sea Scrolls, and Rabbinic Tradition.
From the Contents:
E. Tov, '4QLevd (4Q26)'
C.J. Labuschagne, ''You Shall not Boil a Kid in its Mother's Milk'. A New Proposal for the Origin of the Prohibition.'
J.A. Emerton, 'The Translation of Isaiah 5,1.'
J.T.A.G.M. van Ruiten, 'The Intertextual Relationship between Isa 11, 6-9 and Isa 65, 25.'
W.A.M. Beuken, 'Isa 29, 15-24: Perversion Reverted.'
W. McKane, 'Jeremiah 30, 1-3, Especially 'Israel.''
R.P. Carroll, 'Night without Vision. Micah and the Prophets.'
C. van Leeuwen, 'The 'Northern One' in the Composition of Joel, 2, 19-27.'
G. Wallis, A Note on Ps 45, 7aα.'
M.J. Mulder, 'Does Canticles 6, 12 Make Sense?'
B. Otzen, 'Michael and Gabriel. Angelological Problems in the Book of Daniel.'
J.P.M. van der Ploeg, 'Some Remarks on a Newly Found Syriac Text of the Book of Judith.'
A. Hilhorst, 'The Speech on Truth in 1 Esdras 4, 34-41.'
P.R. Davies, 'Redaction and Sectarianism in the Qumran Scrolls.'
M.A. Knibb, 'A Note on 4Q372 and 4Q390.'
F. García Martínez, 'The Last Surviving Columns of 11QNJ.'
G. Stemberger, 'The Maccabees in Rabbinic Tradition.'
J. Neusner, 'How the Bavli Shaped Rabbinic Discourse: The Case of Sifra.'
J.W. Rogerson, 'Writing the History of Israel in the 17th and 18th Centuries.'
F. García Martínez, 'Bibliography of A.S. van der Woude.'
Buch
Das Buch versucht, zwei bislang unterschätzte Psalmen im Psalter, die dort weit auseinanderstehen, als 'Entwicklungszusammenhang' aufzufassen und so eine neue Art der Gruppierung — jenseits von Gunkel — zu initiieren. Zugleich wird ein besseres, adäquateres Verständnis beider Gedichte vorgestellt, eruiert teils in wechselseitiger Betrachtung, teils durch die Beleuchtung im Lichte der Traditionen. Im einzelnen stellt sich heraus, daß der Sinn der gruppierten Psalmen sich erst dann so recht zu erschließen beginnt, wenn — hier wie dort ziemlich gleicherweise — priesterliche und prophetische Überlieferungen als Verstehensschlüssel eingeführt werden. Was die beiden Texte im Psalter trotz genetischen Zusammenhangs voneinander unterscheidet, ist der Wechsel von einem historischen Ort zum andern: Das eine Gedicht ist gerade noch vor dem Umschwung zum Frühjudentum zustande gekommen, das andere setzt diesen Neuanfang schon voraus. Das Buch lenkt so die Aufmerksamkeit auf zwei markante Zeugnisse, die auch glaubensgeschichtlich wichtig sind.
Buch
The epoch from the eighth century B.C.E. up to the exile is marked by a great transformation in the society of ancient Judah, as reflected especially in the texts of the pre-exilic prophets. A relatively egalitarian society transforms into a class society, wherein a class of wealthy landowners is opposed to a growing class of impoverished farmers. The main factor in this development is the indebtedness of the farmers. All the forces of society and state are afflicted by this transformation.
This book endeavours to describe this transformation as precisely as possible, by examining the prophetical texts , and other biblical and epigraphical materials. Unlike the theories of "annuity capitalism" or "antique development" the work especially stresses the role of the state and its organs in this transformation.
Die Zeit vom 8. Jahrhundert bis zum Exil ist die Zeit eines gewaltigen gesellschaftlichen Umbruchs im antiken Juda, wie er sich vor allem in den Texten der vorexilischen Propheten widerspiegelt. Eine relativ egalitäre Gesellschaft transformiert sich in eine Klassengesellschaft, bei der wenige Grundbesitzer einer größer werdenden Klasse verarmter Bauern gegenüberstehen. Von diesem Umbruch, dessen Hauptfaktor die Überschuldung der kleinen Bauern ist, werden alle Kräfte der Gesellschaft und des Staates erfaßt.
Die vorliegende Arbeit versucht, anhand der einschlägigen prophetischen Texte, des übrigen biblischen sowie des epigraphischen Materials diesen Umbruch möglichst umfassend zu beschreiben. Anders als bei den gegenwärtig vertretenen Theorien des "Rentenkapitalismus" und der "antiken Entwicklung" wird dabei besonderes Gewicht auf die Rolle des Staates und seiner Organe bei der gesellschaftlichen Umwälzung gelegt.
Das Buch wendet sich an Exegeten, die auf dem Feld der Sozialgeschichte Israels, der vorexilischen Prophetie und der althebräischen Epigraphik arbeiten.
This book endeavours to describe this transformation as precisely as possible, by examining the prophetical texts , and other biblical and epigraphical materials. Unlike the theories of "annuity capitalism" or "antique development" the work especially stresses the role of the state and its organs in this transformation.
Die Zeit vom 8. Jahrhundert bis zum Exil ist die Zeit eines gewaltigen gesellschaftlichen Umbruchs im antiken Juda, wie er sich vor allem in den Texten der vorexilischen Propheten widerspiegelt. Eine relativ egalitäre Gesellschaft transformiert sich in eine Klassengesellschaft, bei der wenige Grundbesitzer einer größer werdenden Klasse verarmter Bauern gegenüberstehen. Von diesem Umbruch, dessen Hauptfaktor die Überschuldung der kleinen Bauern ist, werden alle Kräfte der Gesellschaft und des Staates erfaßt.
Die vorliegende Arbeit versucht, anhand der einschlägigen prophetischen Texte, des übrigen biblischen sowie des epigraphischen Materials diesen Umbruch möglichst umfassend zu beschreiben. Anders als bei den gegenwärtig vertretenen Theorien des "Rentenkapitalismus" und der "antiken Entwicklung" wird dabei besonderes Gewicht auf die Rolle des Staates und seiner Organe bei der gesellschaftlichen Umwälzung gelegt.
Das Buch wendet sich an Exegeten, die auf dem Feld der Sozialgeschichte Israels, der vorexilischen Prophetie und der althebräischen Epigraphik arbeiten.
Buch
The 7th century was a time of turmoil in the Near East. The demise of the long-dominant Assyrian empire led to struggles among the remaining powers. The small nation of Judah experienced conflict and confusion as it tried to survive the rapidly changing situation. Habakkuk examines the prophecy of Habakkuk to determine the role which this prophet played in the complex struggles of the period.
Habakkuk begins with form- and text-critical examinations of the prophecy attributed to Habakkuk. These studies provide a clearer understanding of the text and enable the placement of this work within its historical context. A review of the international and internal political situation indicates that the prophecy relates to a specific period within late 7th-century Judah and that its author supported particular persons and policies within this setting. This recognition allows an examination of the roles which Habakkuk and other prophets played within Judahite society.
Habakkuk begins with form- and text-critical examinations of the prophecy attributed to Habakkuk. These studies provide a clearer understanding of the text and enable the placement of this work within its historical context. A review of the international and internal political situation indicates that the prophecy relates to a specific period within late 7th-century Judah and that its author supported particular persons and policies within this setting. This recognition allows an examination of the roles which Habakkuk and other prophets played within Judahite society.
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This volume publishes twenty-three papers given by invitation at the thirteenth Congress of the International Organization for the Study of the Old Testament, which was held at Leuven from 27 August until 1 September 1989 under the Presidency of C. Brekelmans. The articles cover a range of subjects relevant to the Old Testament: the Pentateuch (E.W. Nicholson, W.H. Schmidt, E. Blum, J. Van Seters, A. de Pury), the historical books (C. Brekelmans, Helga Weippert, R.D. Nelson, W. Thiel, Sara Japhet, K.-F. Pohlmann), the prophets (C. Hardmeier, D.L. Petersen, W.A.M. Beuken, R.P. Carroll, P.-M. Bogaert), the Psalms (J. Trublet, N. Füglister), textual criticism (E. Tov), the Targums (L. Díez Merino), the development of Israelite religion (N.P. Lemche), the Babylonian New Year Festival and the Old Testament (K. van der Toorn), and the Apocryphon of Jannes and Jambres (A. Pietersma).
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This book investigates the composition of the book of Kings and its implications for the Deuteronomistic History (DH) of which it is a part.
McKenzie analyses Kings on the basis of Noth's model of a single author/editor behind the original DH. He contends that the Deuteronomist (Dtr) wrote the series of oracles against the Northern royal houses without utilizing a prior, running prophetic document that some scholars have posited behind Samuel and Kings. He regards many other prophetic stories in Kings, including most of the Elijah and Elisha legends as later additions to the DH, in accord with Noth's recognition that the original DH was frequently supplemented by various writers. McKenzie illustrates Dtr's compositional techniques in a treatment of the accounts of Hezekiah and Josiah in Kings. He tentatively dates Dtr to Josiah's reign but believes that tensions among the many later additions to the work, including the report from Josiah's death on, suggest that they are not the result of systematic editing (e.g., Dtr2).
The book offers the most up-to-date survey of research on the DH and the most recent detailed analysis of the lengthy variant version of Jeroboam's reign in LXXB at 1 Kings 12:24a-z. It offers a fresh perspective on the original shape of the DH based on recent scholarship and the author's own critical investigation.
McKenzie analyses Kings on the basis of Noth's model of a single author/editor behind the original DH. He contends that the Deuteronomist (Dtr) wrote the series of oracles against the Northern royal houses without utilizing a prior, running prophetic document that some scholars have posited behind Samuel and Kings. He regards many other prophetic stories in Kings, including most of the Elijah and Elisha legends as later additions to the DH, in accord with Noth's recognition that the original DH was frequently supplemented by various writers. McKenzie illustrates Dtr's compositional techniques in a treatment of the accounts of Hezekiah and Josiah in Kings. He tentatively dates Dtr to Josiah's reign but believes that tensions among the many later additions to the work, including the report from Josiah's death on, suggest that they are not the result of systematic editing (e.g., Dtr2).
The book offers the most up-to-date survey of research on the DH and the most recent detailed analysis of the lengthy variant version of Jeroboam's reign in LXXB at 1 Kings 12:24a-z. It offers a fresh perspective on the original shape of the DH based on recent scholarship and the author's own critical investigation.
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This collection of thirteen articles in English by scholars from several countries concerns questions in the Pentateuch. Seven are on the book of Genesis: the use of 'ādām in Genesis i-v; the Toledot of Adam; Genesis x in the light of Babylonian geography; the site of Salem; the date and composition of Genesis xiv; Abraham's righteousness in Genesis xv 6; the Hagar tradition in Genesis xvi and xxi. Three are on Deuteronomy: "Yahweh is one"; return to Egypt in Deuteronomy xvii 16 and xxviii 68; the creed in Deuteronomy xxvi. There are also essays on the Elohistic depiction of Aaron; the wilderness itineraries and recent archaeological research; and the dietary laws of the Pentateuch. Substantial contributions are made to the study of different parts of the Pentateuch.
