Band 37, Heft 4

This review explores the current state-of-the-art wireless and mobile optical chemical sensors and biosensors. The review is organised into three sections, each of which investigates a major class of wireless and/or mobile optical chemical sensor: (i) optical sensors integrated with a radio transmitter/transceiver, (ii) wearable optical sensors, and (iii) smartphone camera-based sensors. In each section, the specific challenges and trade-offs surrounding the (bio)chemical sensing mechanism and material architecture, miniaturisation, integration, power requirements, readout, and sensitivity are explored with detailed examples of sensor systems from the literature. The analysis of 77 original research articles published between 2007 and 2017 reveals that healthcare and medicine, environmental monitoring, food quality, and sport and fitness are the target markets for wireless and mobile optical chemical sensor systems. In particular, the current trend for personal fitness tracking is driving research into novel colourimetric wearable sensors with smartphone readout. We conclude that despite the challenges, mobile and wearable optical chemical sensor systems are set to play a major role in the sensor Internet of Things.

Many of the plant proteins are used as medicinal agents in the treatment of various diseases/disorders as they are produced by using molecular tools of biotechnology. Each protein is unique in its amino acid composition, sequence, subunit structures, size, shape, net charge, iso electric point, solubility, heat stability and hydrophobicity known to play a major role in the isolation and characterization procedures. The study of the protein of interest out of a large number is not possible unless it is obtained in its highly purified and intact form. Extraction, purification and characterization of proteins for different sample types are useful in determining structural, functional and other biological information in the field of pharmacy. Hence, the present review focuses on the sources, isolation, purification and characterization of natural proteins which are proven to be antidiabetic so as to commercialize these drugs (neutraceuticals) to compete with insulin, an ultimate in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.