Volume 46, Issue 2

Abstract: In the past, in an analog world, libraries—to meet their informational responsibilities—preserved newspapers in analog form and on microfilm. With the emergence of digital technologies, preservation has evolved, and so has the creation of news. These evolutions have challenged libraries to meet their old (and ongoing) responsibilities, and they have faced this challenge by continuing to think of news in the old way: as a commodity to be captured and stored as they have always done it, by themselves, in traditional ways. Today news is not as static as it once was: a version produced for a morning audience; another, modified, for an afternoon or evening audience; each discrete and preservable by itself. News is fluid: it is created and grows as it emerges; and the news media let the information evolve as it evolves in real time. Capturing and preserving this new kind of resource forces libraries and other news-preservation agencies to rethink the old models of operation. Preservation of the news should be done with a new model of cooperation, as the present essay explains.

Abstract: Since the Chinese Rare Book Preservation Plan started in 2007, education and training in preservation and conservation of library and archival collections have been of increasing concern. Many forms of integrated development have been implemented, including school The concept of school in this article includes (1) colleges, (2) universities, and (3) technical secondary schools. education, apprenticeships, and professional training. The number of training institutions has doubled, and the level of training has been raised. Some comprehensive universities In China, a comprehensive university is one that offers a broad range of courses, instead of specializing (as is the case, for example, with medical or technical universities). began to participate in this provision of education and training, and Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU) was a typical example. At SYSU, the introduction occurred in three stages: leading edge (2001–2003); beginning (2004–2008); and comprehensive development (2009–). Following these stages, SYSU launched a full range of programs offering education and training in preservation and conservation, and has formed the SYSU Model, which relies on the first-level discipline, Science of Library, Information and Archive Management. China's Ministry of Education stipulates that in the establishment of the graduate education system of colleges and universities, the first-level discipline is the major discipline and the second-level discipline is a subclass of it. In total, there are 110 first-level disciplines. The science of Library, Information and Archive Management is one of them. In the process, it has also developed unique characteristics, such as effective integration of Chinese and Western theories; attaching equal importance to preservation and conservation; and an effective combination of theory and practice.

Abstract: The paper provides a review of published literature on the collection and development of Web archives, focusing specifically on the theories, techniques, tools, and approaches used to appraise Web-based materials for inclusion in collections. Facing an enormous amount of Web-based materials, archival institutions and other cultural heritage institutions need to devise methods to actively select Webpages for preservation, creating Web archives that constitute a cultural record of the Web for the benefit of users. This review outlines the challenges of collecting and appraising Web-based materials, places the theories and activities of collecting Web-based materials within the broader discourse of archival appraisal, and points out directions for future research and critical discourse for Web archives.