Volume 24, Issue 3

Operation of an electrically controlled beam steering device based on Rochon prism made by use of nematic liquid crystal is modelled numerically. Deflection angles and angular distribution of light intensity in the deflected beam are calculated. Dynamics of the device is studied. Advantage of application of dual frequency nematic liquid crystal is demonstrated. Role of flexoelectric properties of the nematic is analyzed.

We report on the first application of the graphics processing units (GPUs) accelerated computing technology to improve performance of numerical methods used for the optical characterization of evaporating microdroplets. Single microdroplets of various liquids with different volatility and molecular weight (glycerine, glycols, water, etc.), as well as mixtures of liquids and diverse suspensions evaporate inside the electrodynamic trap under the chosen temperature and composition of atmosphere. The series of scattering patterns recorded from the evaporating microdroplets are processed by fitting complete Mie theory predictions with gradientless lookup table method. We showed that computations on GPUs can be effectively applied to inverse scattering problems. In particular, our technique accelerated calculations of the Mie scattering theory on a single-core processor in a Matlab environment over 800 times and almost 100 times comparing to the corresponding code in C language. Additionally, we overcame problems of the time-consuming data post-processing when some of the parameters (particularly the refractive index) of an investigated liquid are uncertain. Our program allows us to track the parameters characterizing the evaporating droplet nearly simultaneously with the progress of evaporation.

In this paper we propose a method which allows to overcome the basic functional problems in holographic displays with naked eye observation caused by delivering too small images visible in narrow viewing angles. The solution is based on combining the spatiotemporal multiplexing method with a 4f optical system. It enables to increase an aperture of a holographic display and extend the angular visual field of view. The applicability of the modified display is evidenced by Wigner distribution analysis of holographic imaging with spatiotemporal multiplexing method and by the experiments performed at the display demonstrator.

We present a micrometer-size polymer converter (microbridge) for connecting polymer optical fibres with silica fibres. The procedure of preparing such microstructure is based on a process of photopolymerization. A polymer converter grows as an extension of the fibres’ cores due to a self-guiding effect of the light beam in a photopolymerizable medium. Since the polymer microbridge has refractive index greater inside than outside, such a structure works as a waveguide leading the light beam between connected optical fibres. By selection of time of light exposition to the mixture and optical power of the incident light beam, it is possible to obtain a polymer converter with very good optical and mechanical characteristics. Possibility of using polymer microbridges grown directly from the fibres’ core as coupling elements between silica and polymer fibres is a good alternative for obtaining permanent coupling of such fibres.

The main objective of this work is to characterize the performance of an interferometric fibre sensor which has been designed in order to register rotational phenomena, both in seismological observatories and engineering constructions. It is based on a well-known Sagnac effect which enables to detect one-axis rotational motions in a direct way and without any reference system. The presented optical fibre sensor – FOSREM allows to measure a component of rotation in a wide range of signal amplitude form 10 –8 rad/s to 10 rad/s, as well as frequency from 0 Hz to the upper frequency from 2.56 Hz to 328.12 Hz. The laboratory investigation of our system indicated that it keeps theoretical sensitivity equal to 2·10 –8 rad/s/Hz1/2 and accuracy no less than 3·1 –8 to 1.6·10 –6 rad/s in the above mentioned frequency band. Moreover, system size that equals 0.36×0.36×0.16 m and opportunity to remotely control the system via Internet by special server make FOSREM a mobile and autonomous device.

An overview of our recent developments, regarding “water-window” soft X-ray (SXR) microscopy based on a laser-plasma double stream gas puff target sources is presented. The work, presented herein, describes two approaches to SXR microscopy. The first one is a low spatial resolution, achromatic SXR microscopy, employing Wolter type-I objective. The second one is a nanometer spatial resolution SXR microscopy, with the use of a Fresnel zone plate objective, for imaging various objects with quasimonochromatic light, emitted from a double stream gas puff target based short wavelength source. The developments regarding both systems are presented, as well as the possible applications, for which the SXR microscope was already employed. Such compact, table-top size, laboratory type microscopy setups may be employed in the near future for complementary-like studies to other, often used, microscopy techniques.

In the paper the analysis of up-conversion (UC) luminescence in 0.5Yb 2 O 3 /(0.25-1)Eu 2 O 3 (mol.%) co-doped germanate glass and optical fibre has been investigated. Up-conversion emission of bands at 591, 616, 652, 701 nm to which correspond Eu 3+ : 5 D 0 → 7 F 1 , 5 D 0 → 7 F 2 , 5 D 0 → 7 F 3 , 5 D 0 → 7 F 4 transitions, respectively was obtained as a result of cooperative energy transfer between Yb 3+ and Eu 3+ ions. The highest up-conversion emission (Yb 3+ → Eu 3+ energy transfer efficiency η = 24%) was obtained in 0.5Yb 2 O 3 /0.75Eu 2 O 3 co-doped glass. Comparison of up-conversion and down-conversion luminescence spectra of bulk glass, glass fibre and different length double-clad optical fibre (up to 5 m) showed subtle differences in shape of the spectrum. In comparison to down – conversion emission (λ exc = 405 nm) main UC luminescence band is red-shifted by 2 nm and is characterized by 5 nm greater full – width half – maximum (FWHM).