In the international as well as in the German historical research on the Boxer War, the German troops are usually considered the driving force of aggression among the allied intervention forces. However, larger German units only reached China on 15 August l900, that is on the very day when the legacies’ quarters in Beijing besieged by the Boxers were relieved. This paradox of late arrival and excessive use of violence is frequently explained simply by the fact that the German contingent had been late and was now trying to save face. On the basis of official documents, including the units’ war diaries, the author traces the first two German combat units to be sent to China from the day of their mobilization (19 June 1900) until the integration into the German Expeditionary Force (19 October 1900). In this micro study the author deals with the recruitment of the volunteers in Germany, their shipment to China, the forced march from Tianjin to Beijing and their encounter with the inferno in the capital at the end of August. The following punitive actions were staged by the vainglorious commander but longed for by the soldiers as well who had not seen combat action so far. The shooting of 76 Chinese on the third day after their arrival, the annihilation of all male inhabitants of Liangxiang and the fighting at the Emperor’s Deer Park south of Beijing are commonly regarded as the worst atrocities of German troops. It can be proven that there had been no orders from Berlin for such brutalization. The massacres were committed by soldiers who had been indoctrinated by German propaganda on the »subhuman« Boxer hordes and who were frightened by a completely unfamiliar ethno-cultural surrounding. The situation escalated on the spot with the responsibility resting with the commanding officers.
Inhalt
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Öffentlich zugänglichSoldatische Radikalisierung und Massaker. Das deutsche Erste und Zweite Seebataillon im Einsatz im “Boxerkrieg” in China 19002. August 2011
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Öffentlich zugänglichDie Wehrmacht und der Kommissarbefehl. Neue Forschungsergebnisse2. August 2011
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Öffentlich zugänglich“Das süße Gift des Pazifismus”? Die westdeutschen Katholiken und das Ringen um ein neues Friedensdenken, 1979-19832. August 2011
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Öffentlich zugänglichNachrichten aus der Forschung2. August 2011
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Öffentlich zugänglichAllgemeines, Altertum und Mittelalter2. August 2011
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Öffentlich zugänglichFrühe Neuzeit und 1789-18702. August 2011
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Öffentlich zugänglich1871-19182. August 2011
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Öffentlich zugänglich1919-19452. August 2011
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Öffentlich zugänglichNach 19452. August 2011