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STUDY OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) as administered in the emergency department (ED) for the treatment of patients with acute ankle injuries. METHODS: Patients aged 18 years and older with unilateral ankle sprains were randomly assigned either to an OMT study group or a control group. Independent outcome variables included edema, range of motion (ROM), and pain. Both groups received the current standard of care for ankle sprains and were instructed to return for a follow-up examination. Patients in the OMT study group also received one session of OMT from an osteopathic physician. RESULTS: Patients in the OMT study group had a statistically significant (F = 5.92, P = .02) improvement in edema and pain and a trend toward increased ROM immediately following intervention with OMT. Although at follow-up both study groups demonstrated significant improvement, patients in the OMT study group had a statistically significant improvement in ROM when compared with patients in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Data clearly demonstrate that a single session of OMT in the ED can have a significant effect in the management of acute ankle injuries.

BACKGROUND: Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a disabling illness of persistent fatigue. Recent studies have shown that patients with CFS have an increased prevalence of nonallergic rhinitis. Inflammation of the nasal passages due to allergic rhinitis can cause nasal congestion resulting in an increased number of sleep disturbances and daytime fatigue. While topical nasal corticosteroids have been shown to alleviate nasal obstruction effectively in patients with rhinitis who do not have CFS, it is unknown whether topical nasal corticosteroids will reduce CFS symptoms. STUDY OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to determine whether topical nasal corticosteroids will reduce daytime sleepiness in patients with CFS and rhinitis. METHODS: Twenty-eight of 31 subjects with rhinitis and a diagnosis of CFS completed the double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Two subjects failed screening, and 3 subjects withdrew from the study prior to its completion. Subjects were randomized according to Balaam's crossover design, and one of the following interventions was used for each group in the study: 8-week treatment with a topical nasal corticosteroid, 8-week treatment with a placebo saline spray, 4-week treatment with a topical nasal corticosteroid followed by a 4-week treatment with a placebo saline spray, or a 4-week treatment with a placebo saline spray followed by a 4-week treatment with a topical nasal corticosteroid. Data focusing on rhinitis symptoms, severity of chronic fatigue symptoms, and quality of life were gathered at biweekly office visits and with daily diaries. RESULTS: The results indicated that daytime sleepiness was reduced when patients with rhinitis and CFS were treated with topical nasal corticosteroids. The severity of associated CFS symptoms, specifically fatigue, muscle pain, postexertional fatigue, and daily activity, did not improve with treatment. CONCLUSION: Treating the symptoms of rhinitis in patients with CFS does not appear to alleviate daytime fatigue or associated nasal, musculoskeletal, or cognitive complaints. Therefore, it is unlikely that aggressive treatment of such symptoms with topical nasal corticosteroids will provide significant benefit to patients with CFS who do not have allergic rhinitis. These results indicate that the nonallergic rhinitis seen in patients with CFS may arise from a mechanism other than chronic inflammation.

Little empirical work has been done to examine how osteopathic medical students' attitudes toward osteopathic principles and practice (OPP) develop and evolve over the course of their medical education. A major obstacle to conducting this research is the absence of reliable and sensitive instruments to measure students' attitudes toward OPP. The purpose of this project is to develop a sensitive and reliable instrument to measure students' attitudes toward OPP. Face-to-face and telephone interviews were conducted with osteopathic medical students, osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) residents, OMM undergraduate fellows, and three board-certified OMM specialists. These interviews were summarized in a 39-item instrument administered to 127 students at the completion of their core OMM rotation at the University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth-Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine. Factor analysis of student responses to the 39 candidate items yielded two interpretable factors. Factor 1 contained 24 items and accounted for 33% of the item response variance, and factor 2 contained four items and accounted for 5.6% of the item response variance. Based on these results, 14 of the original 39 statements were eliminated and the smaller second factor was dropped. Factor 1 contained items reflecting both positive and negative attitudes toward the application of OPP in patient care, the importance of OPP in medical education, and professional distinctiveness. One of the original 39 candidate items was returned to factor 1 because it was judged by the investigators to be consistent with the underlying construct of the scale and helped balance the number of forward-scored and reversed-scored items in the final instrument. Two internal consistency estimates of reliability were computed for the revised 25-item Attitudes Toward Osteopathic Principles and Practice Scale (ATOPPS): the Spearman-Brown unequal-length corrected coefficient alpha and the split-half reliability coefficients. Estimates for the split-half coefficients were .89 for part 1 and .87 for part 2. The Spearman-Brown coefficient alpha was .93, indicating substantial internal consistency. The 25-item ATOPPS seems to reflect a continuum of positive and negative attitudes toward OPP. This preliminary report documents reliability for the 25-item ATOPPS. With continued support for its construct validity, ATOPPS provides investigators with a reliable tool to assess the development of attitudes toward OPP.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate productivity outcome measures for recent research grants and fellowships awarded through the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) Bureau of Research. Recipients of grants and fellowships that were awarded between 1995 and 2001 were contacted by mail, e-mail, or telephone and asked to provide information about publications, resulting grant awards, advances in clinical care, or other notable products that were generated from their projects. For grants funded between 1995 and 1998, 76% of principal investigators reported a notable product from their study. By contrast, for grants funded between 1999 and 2001, only 31% reported a notable outcome. This difference most likely can be attributed to the lag time between the awarding of a grant and actual completion of the project, the processing of the data, and the publication of the results. Several recipients of 1999-2001 grants were optimistic about eventually generating a notable product. Most (79%) of the 1995-2001 fellows met the requirements for successful completion of their project. Many fellows exceeded the minimal requirement by publishing their results, continuing research activity, attracting extramural grant monies, or entering an academic position. It appeared that a much larger proportion of osteopathic fellows went on to academic careers than their counterparts who did not have fellowship training. From 1995 to 2001, the AOA Bureau of Research awarded dollars 3,072,140 in research grants and fellowships. To date, these awards have helped the recipients bring an additional dollars 5,659,329 of extramural funds for research at osteopathic institutions. The Bureau of Research grant and fellowship programs have been successful both scientifically and in terms of financial outcomes.