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Holzforschung

Cellulose – Hemicelluloses – Lignin – Wood Extractives

Editor-in-Chief: Lennart Salmén
Wissenschaftlicher Beirat: Geoffrey Daniel , Holger Militz , Thomas Rosenau , Herbert Sixta , Tapani Vuorinen , Dimitris S. Argyropoulos , Ingo Burgert , Dmitry V. Evtuguin , Charles E. Frazier , Kazuhiko Fukushima , Wolfgang Gindl-Altmutter , Akira Isogai , John F. Kadla , Gerald Koch , Dominique Lachenal , Shawn D. Mansfield , Jeffrey J. Morrell , Peter Niemz , Antje Potthast , Arthur J. Ragauskas , Robert W. Rice , José del Rio , Tor P. Schultz , Toshiyuki Takano , Hans Theliander , Johannes Welling und Hiroshi Yoshihara

Sprache: Englisch

Erstveröffentlichung: 1. Januar 1947

Erscheinungsweise: 12 Hefte pro Jahr

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Über diese Zeitschrift

Starting 2025, Holzforschung will be transferred to Gold Open Access on a year-by-year basis. All articles will thus appear without delay under the Creative Commons license CCBY 4.0. There will be no publication costs for the authors. The Open Access transformation is based on Subscribe-to-Open. You can find more information about the model here.　

Objective
Holzforschung (HF) is an international scholarly journal that publishes cutting-edge research on the biology, chemistry, physics and technology of wood and wood components. High quality papers about biotechnology and tree genetics are also welcome. Rated year after year as one of the top scientific journals in the category of Pulp and Paper (ISI Journal Citation Index), Holzforschung represents innovative, high quality basic and applied research. The German title reflects the journal's origins in a long scientific tradition, but all articles are published in English to stimulate and promote cooperation between experts all over the world. Ahead-of-print publishing ensures fastest possible knowledge transfer.

Topics

Biology, chemistry, physics and technology of wood and wood components
Biotechnology and tree genetics

Article formats
Original articles, Reviews, Short notes

> Information on submission process

Ihre Vorteile

Your benefits:

Cutting-edge research
Interdisciplinary approach
High quality basic and applied research
Ahead-of-print online publications

Geschichte

Holzforschung was founded in 1947. At the start, German was the sole publishing language of Holzforschung. In 1955 it became also possible to publish in French and English, and in 1993 the journal switched to an English only publication. This change was necessary as after World War II German was no longer the leading language in the natural sciences. With the significant rise in international attention and distribution, Holzforschung paid tribute to the linguistic needs of the wood science community around the world.

Other publications in the field
Wood Composites. Materials Manufacturing and Engineering. J. Paulo Davim, Alfredo Aguilera (Eds.) De Gruyter. 2016.
Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal

Open Access
Anatomical and density properties of Oxytenanthera abyssinica culm

27. November 2025

Emmanuel Ebanyenle, Andrew Akwasi Oteng-Amoako

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Oxytenanthera abyssinica (A. Rich.) Munro is the only indigenous bamboo species in Ghana but remains underutilized. Investigating the technological properties of O. abyssinica culms could facilitate it efficient processing and comprehensive utilization. In this study, the anatomical and density properties of matured culms of O. abyssinica growing in the savanna region of Ghana were examined. The anatomy of the intermodal culm wall of O. abyssinica showed a monocotyledonous stem structure. The wall structures showed distinct outer cortex, central cylinder comprising vascular bundles embedded in a ground parenchyma and an inner pith ring. O. abyssinica exhibited a combination of type III and IV vascular bundles. Furthermore, tissue proportions, fiber characteristics and other properties including, internode length and diameter, and culm wall thickness, varied significantly with culm positions but basic density was not impacted by axial positions. The anatomical and density properties could facilitate the efficient processing and utilization of this underutilized bamboo species.
Open Access
Visual strength grading and bending strength class assignment for Spanish provenance shining gum [Eucalyptus nitens (Deane and Maiden) Maiden]

2. Dezember 2025

Mônica Ruy, Daniel F. Llana, María Portela, Martina Fernández-Campo, Helga Peral-Varela, José A. Lorenzana, Belén Feijóo, Guillermo Íñiguez-González, Miguel Esteban, Francisco Arriaga, Manuel Guaita

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In Spain, Eucalyptus nitens is distributed in the West of the Cantabrian Cornice, especially in the autonomous community of Galicia. Despite being mainly destined for paper pulp, in the last 15 years, eucalypts ( Eucalyptus globulus & E. nitens ) have been targeted as sawn timber for structural purposes in the country. In Europe, structural timber is graded according to the European standard EN 14081-1:2016+A1:CEN (2019). Timber structures – strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section – part 1: general requirements (EN 14081-1), either visually or by machine, in order to determine the characteristic mechanical properties, as required by design standards. This study aimed to propose visual strength grading criteria for Spanish shining gum ( E. nitens ) and to assign its bending strength classes according to European Standards, based on four-point bending tests performed on full-size specimens. Considering the strength, stiffness, and density profile of the tested specimens – with characteristic values of 41.6 MPa for bending strength, 11.60 GPa for modulus of elasticity, and 453 kg/m 3 for density- the assignment of the strength class C35 was deemed adequate for the Spanish provenance shining gum timber graded to the “MEF” visual grade (structural timber from hardwood species). Furthermore, the relationship between global and local moduli of elasticity for the species was analyzed, and a formula was proposed to adjust the global to the local value.
Open Access
Rapid extraction of lignin from bamboo with high yield by microwave-assisted choline chloride-formic acid method

21. Oktober 2025

Min Wang, Ruocheng Li, Quanliang Wang, Tao Xing, Liping Cai

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Efficient extraction of lignin from lignocellulose by low-cost and eco-friendly way has been a key focus in the lignin-first biorefinery strategy. The bamboo lignocellulose consists of three major components, in which the complex crosslinking structure greatly hindering the rapid and large-scale extraction of lignin. To address this issue, an innovative method of microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent (MA-DES) was developed to extract lignin from bamboo. The DES emerging as promising alternatives to conventional solvents, offers outstanding selective extraction capabilities. The effect of DES types on the lignin yield was investigated. The DES containing choline chloride-formic acid (1:6 Molar ratio), and the 1:40 solid–liquid ratio of bamboo powder to solution were selected as optimal conditions for the high lignin yield. Under the microwave radiation, the optimum lignin yield (89.5 %) was achieved in 10 min. The bamboo fibers and extracted lignin were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermos gravimetric (TG) techniques. The extracted lignin was granular and irregular cluster morphology. The crystallinity index of bamboo fibers increased by 20.4 % after treatment, thus offering a new strategy for optimizing extraction procedures for producing lignin.
Open Access
Study on the anatomical structure and chemical characteristics of several common bamboo rhizomes

18. November 2025

Na Su, Yihua Li, Yiwen Chen, Lisheng Chen, Haocheng Xu, Wenyu Su

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With the promotion of eco-friendly initiatives such as “replacing plastic with bamboo,” bamboo rhizomes – traditionally discarded as underground byproducts – have recently gained increasing attention as renewable and sustainable materials. To better understand their characteristics and potential applications, this study systematically investigated the anatomical structures and chemical compositions of five representative bamboo rhizomes (Moso, Golden, Water, Purple, and Spotted bamboo) through microscopic observation and chemical analysis, using bamboo culms as a reference. Results showed that rhizomes shared similar structural frameworks with culms but exhibited unique internal features. Their vessel diameters (120–150 µm) were located toward the higher end of the typical range for bamboo culms (50–200 µm), and the proportion of vascular tissues (13.6–19.7 %) was also higher, reflecting stronger functions in water conduction and storage. Fibers in rhizomes were shorter, thicker, and contained lower cellulose but higher lignin contents, resulting in reduced mechanical strength yet enhanced durability. Species-specific differences were evident: Water bamboo and Moso bamboo rhizomes had longer, thicker-walled fibers with higher cellulose content. Spotted bamboo rhizome contained more vessels, while Purple bamboo and Golden bamboo rhizomes had shorter, thinner-walled fibers. These findings clarify the structural diversity and structure–property relationships of bamboo rhizomes, providing a scientific basis for their high-value utilization in sustainable material development.
Open Access
Comparison of termite resistance of wood modified with lignin cleavage products-phenol-formaldehyde and phenol-formaldehyde resins against subterranean and drywood termites

19. November 2025

Johannes Karthäuser, Kévin Candelier, Jérémie Damay, Luc Pignolet, Holger Militz

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Wood modification with phenol-formaldehyde (PF) impregnation resins increases the resistance against fungal decay and subterranean termite attacks. However, phenol is obtained from non-renewable resources. Prior research explored partially replacing phenol with lignin cleavage products (LCP), and the good fungal decay resistance remains. However, the influence on termite resistance has not been studied. In this study, 30 % (w/w) of phenol in PF resins was replaced with LCP (LPF resin). Pinus sylvestris sapwood was treated with PF and LPF resins, and its resistance against European subterranean termites ( Reticulitermes flavipes ) and tropical drywood termites ( Cryptotermes dudleyi ) was evaluated by non-choice screening tests. Additionally, choice tests were carried out to confirm that the modifications were non-biocidal. The PF and LPF resin treatments improved termite resistance (reducing the mass loss) against both termite species. Low termite survival rates were observed after the non-choice test against subterranean termites. The choice tests confirmed that both treatments were non-biocidal. Visual evaluation (EN 117 (2023)) led to worse resistance ratings of treated specimens against tropical drywood termites, compared to European subterranean termites, due to different mode of actions of the termites’ attacks. Thus, new standards (or appendixes) could be useful to evaluate treated woods resistance against different termite species.

Special Issue: The 17th European Workshop on Lignocellulosics and Pulp (EWLP), Turku/Åbo, Finland, August 26–30, 2024; Issue Editors: Chunlin Xu, Merima Hasani and Monica Ek

Special issue: Celebrating 75 years of Holzforschung; Issue Editor: Lennart Salmén

Special issue: The 20th International Symposium on Wood, Fiber and Pulping Chemistry (Tokyo, Japan, September 9–11, 2019); Issue editor: Thomas Rosenau

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Special Issue: The 9th European Conference on Wood Modification (Arnhem, the Netherlands, September 17–18, 2018) / Issue Editor: Holger Militz

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Special Issue: The 15th European Workshop on Lignocellulosics and Pulp (Aveiro, Portugal, June 26–29, 2018) / Issue Editor: Thomas Rosenau

Special Issue: Advances in biorefinery research \ Issue Editor: Thomas Rosenau

Special Issue: This issue contains selected papers from the 14th European Workshop on Lignocellulosics and Pulp (EWLP), June 28–30, 2016, Autrans, France / Guest Editors: Christine Chirat, Dominique Lachenal

Highlight Issue COST Action FP1105 “Understanding wood cell wall structure, biopolymer interaction and composition: implications for current products and new material innovation” / Guest Editor: Edouard Pesquet

Highlight Issue: COST Action FP0904 “Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Wood Behaviour and Processing” Selected Papers Guest Editors: Parviz Navi and Lennart Salmén

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Special Issue: This issue contains selected papers from the 13th European Workshop on Lignocellulosics and Pulp (EWLP) Seville, Spain, June 24–27, 2014

Selected papers from the 12th European Workshop on Lignocellulosics and Pulp

to be implemented...

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Die Zeitschrift Holzforschung veröffentlicht Sonder- und Themenhefte, die sich auf wichtige und neu aufkommende Themen im Bereich der Forschung konzentrieren. Die Zeitschrift hat ein strenges Verfahren eingeführt, um sicherzustellen, dass alle Manuskripte für Sonderausgaben denselben Qualitätsstandards und Peer-Review-Verfahren unterliegen wie reguläre Manuskripte. Weitere Informationen über die Peer-Review-Politik der Zeitschrift finden Sie in den "Hinweisen für Autoren".

Aktuelle Themenhefte

Band 79 | Heft 9 Special Issue: The 17th European Workshop on Lignocellulosics and Pulp (EWLP), Turku/Åbo, Finland, August 26–30, 2024; Issue Editors: Chunlin Xu, Merima Hasani and Monica Ek

Journal Impact Factor	1.6	2024, Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate, 2025)
5-year Journal Impact Factor	2.0	2024, Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate, 2025)
Journal Citation Indicator	0.74	2024, Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate, 2025)
CiteScore	4.8	2024, Scopus (Elsevier B.V., 2025)
SCImago Journal Rank	0.481	2024, SJR (Scimago Lab, 2025; Data Source: Scopus)
Source Normalized Impact per Paper	0.975	2024, CWTS Journal Indicators (CWTS B.V., 2025; Data Source: Scopus)

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Submission process

Before submitting your article please have a look at our Instructions_for_Authors
Submission of your paper via our submission management tool
Peer review process (you will be guided through every step)
Decision on your paper (4-6 weeks for submission to first decision)
When manuscripts are accepted subject to revision, the revised manuscript should be returned within approx. 60 days
Accepted papers are promptly published online ahead-of-print as soon as they have been finally processed

Please note

Manuscripts must be written in clear and concise English
Before submitting your article please have a look at our Ethical Guidelines and our Copyright Transfer Agreement
Once your article is accepted you have the option to publish it open access
Our Repository Policy allows you to distribute 30 PDF copies of your published article to colleagues (the PDF has to include the information that it is an author's copy). Please also feel free to distribute the link to the online abstract
If you have any general questions please visit our FAQ for authors or contact us at: Holzforschung.Editorial@degruyter.com

We look forward to receiving your manuscript!

Open Access

In this journal, authors have the option to publish their article under an open access license. Open access allows you as an author to retain copyright and share your findings with colleagues and interested parties worldwide without any restraints. Each article published under an open access license is subject to an Article Processing Charge of €2000.

Editor-in-Chief
Lennart Salmén, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, lsalmen@kth.se

Editorial Board
Geoffrey Daniel, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden
Holger Militz, University of Göttingen, Germany
Thomas Rosenau, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Austria
Herbert Sixta, Aalto University, Finland
Tapani Vuorinen, Aalto University, Finland

Advisory Board
Dimitris S. Argyropoulos, North Carolina State University, USA
Ingo Burgert, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
Dmitry V. Evtuguin, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Charles E. Frazier, Virginia Tech, USA
Kazuhiko Fukushima, Nagoya University, Japan
Wolfgang Gindl-Altmutter, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Austria
Akira Isogai, University of Tokyo, Japan
John F. Kadla, University of British Columbia, Canada
Gerald Koch, Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute, Germany
Dominique Lachenal, Université Grenoble Alpes, France
Shawn D. Mansfield, University of British Columbia, Canada
Jeffrey J. Morrell, Oregon State University, USA
Peter Niemz, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
Antje Potthast, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Austria
Arthur J. Ragauskas, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Robert W. Rice, University of Maine, USA
José C. del Rio, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology Seville, Spain
Tor P. Schultz, Mississippi State University, USA
Toshiyuki Takano, University of Kyoto, Japan
Hans Theliander, Chalmers University, Sweden
Johannes Welling, Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute, Germany
Hiroshi Yoshihara, Shimane University, Japan

Editorial Office
Gunda Stöber
Holzforschung
De Gruyter
Genthiner Str. 13
10785 Berlin, Germany
E-mail: Holzforschung.Editorial@degruyter.com

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Weitere Informationen

eISSN:

1437-434X

ISSN:

0018-3830

Sprache:

Englisch

Verlag:

De Gruyter

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Erstveröffentlichung:

1. Januar 1947

Erscheinungsweise:

12 Hefte pro Jahr

eISSN: 1437-434X

ISSN: 0018-3830

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Researchers in the field of biology, chemistry, physics and technology of wood and wood components

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