2. The Economy, Energy, and Clean Water Legislation

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter I
2. Contents VII
3. Introduction 1
4. Part I. A Rationale for the Biological Approach
5. 1. Biological Alternatives to Water Pollution 7
6. 2. The Economy, Energy, and Clean Water Legislation 13
7. 3. The Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974: A Call for Action 19
8. 4. The Protection and Improvement of the World's Drinking Water Quality 23
9. 5. An Environmental Overview 31
10. Part II. Limnological Overview
11. 6. Overview of Aquatic Ecosystems 39
12. 7. Nutrient Cycles in Natural Systems: Microbial Involvement 41
13. 8. The Role of Aquatic Plants in Aquatic Ecosystems 53
14. Part III. Drinking Water Problems
15. 9. Carcinogenic Organic Chemicals in Drinking Water 63
16. 10. Potential Carcinogenic Hazards Due to Contaminated Drinking Water 73
17. 11. Groundwater: Fact, Fiction, and Future 85
18. 12. Comments on the History and Economics of Micropollutants in Drinking Water 91
19. 13. Sudanese Native Methods for the Purification of Nile Water During the Rood Season 95
20. Part IV. Biological Treatment of Wastewater
21. 14. Macrophytes and Water Purification 109
22. 15. The Potential of Submersed Vascular Plants for Reclamation of Wastewater in Temperate Zone Ponds 123
23. 16. The Purification of Wastewater with the Aid of Rush or Reed Ponds 133
24. 17. Application of Vascular Aquatic Plants for Pollution Removal, Energy, and Food Production in a Biological System 141
25. 18. Land Treatment of Wastewater by Overland Flow for Improved Water Quality 151
26. 19. Experimental Use of Emergent Vegetation for the Biological Treatment of Municipal Wastewater in Wisconsin 161
27. 20. The Potential Use of Freshwater Tidal Marshes in the Management of Water Quality in the Delaware River 173
28. 21. The Use of Bulrushes for Livestock Feed 187
29. 22. The Use of Sawgrass for Paper Product Manufacture: An Examination of Properties 191
30. 23. Waste Reclamation in an Integrated Food Chain System 197
31. 24. Aquaculture as an Alternative Wastewater Treatment System 215
32. 25. A Proposed Integrated Biological Wastewater Treatment System 225
33. 26. Sewage Treatment by Controlled Eutrophication Using Algae and Artemia 231
34. 27. Interference by Blue-Green Algae with Nutrient Recovery in Water Quality Control Schema: Management Implications 241
35. 28. The Use of Bacteria to Reduce Clogging of Sewer Lines by Grease in Municipal Sewage 245
36. 29. The Use of the Oxidation Ditch in the United States as a Means of Treating Liquid Waste 253
37. Part V. Biological Treatment and Aquifer Recharge
38. 30. Improvement of Wastewater Quality by Movement Through Soils and Aquifers 259
39. 31. Renovation of Municipal Wastewater for Groundwater Recharge by the Living Filter Method 269
40. 32. Numerical Models in Groundwater Management 283
41. 33. The Combination of Biological and Chemical Treatment at the Krefeld Water Treatment Works 287
42. 34. Water Quality Aspects of Well Recharge with Reclaimed Water, Bay Park, New York 295
43. Part VI. Implementation of Alternatives
44. 35. EPA's Response to the Need for Encouragement of Alternative Waste Treatment Techniques 303
45. 36. Notes on the Implementation of Alternatives 313
46. 37. Legal and Political Restraints to Implementation of Novel Systems 317
47. 38. Implementation of Water Quality Plans 323
48. 39. Implications of Biological Control of Water Pollution Proposals to the Developing Countries 329
49. Acknowledgments 333
50. Index 335