Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents v
3. I. Representation Through Elections
4. Introduction: The Multiplying Challenges Of Modern Representation 1
5. Chapter 1. Evaluating U.S. Electoral Institutions in Comparative Perspective 15
6. Chapter 2. Are American Elections Sufficiently Democratic? 26
7. Chapter 3. Barriers to Voting in the Twenty- First Century 39
8. Chapter 4. Uneven Democracy: Turnout, Minority Interests, and Local Government Spending 59
9. Chapter 5. Fairness and Bias in Electoral Systems 90
10. Chapter 6. Political Party Organizations, Civic Representation, and Participation 114
11. Part II. Representation Beyond Elections
12. Chapter 7. The Paradox of Voting— for Republicans: Economic In e quality, Polit cal Organization, and the American Voter 139
13. Chapter 8. A Democratic Balance: Bureaucracy, Political Parties, and Political Representation 166
14. Chapter 9. Th e Closing of the Frontier: Political Blogs, the 2008 Election, and the Online Public Sphere 192
15. Chapter 10. Th e Technological Basis of Organizational Membership: Representation of Interests in the New Media Age 215
16. Chapter 11. Th e Principle of Affected Interests: An Interpretation and Defense 236
17. Chapter 12. Citizen Representatives 269
18. Notes 295
19. Contributors 315
20. Index 319
21. Acknowledgments 339