Chapters in this book

1. Front Matter i
2. Dedication v
3. Contents vii
4. Figures ix
5. Tables xi
6. Contributors xiii
7. Preface xvi
8. Acknowledgements xvii
9. Note on transliteration xviii
10. Abbreviations xix
11. 1 Pressured by the decreased price of oil 1
12. 2 Upgrading towards neoclassical rentier governance 36
13. 3 Stalled reform 58
14. 4 Oil price collapse and the political economy of the post-2014 economic adjustment in the Sultanate of Oman 79
15. 5 Qatar 102
16. 6 The nexus between state-led economic reform programmes, security, and reputation damage in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 124
17. 7 Federal benefits 145
18. 8 Egypt’s twisted hydrocarbon dependency 164
19. 9 Oil and turmoil 192
20. 10 Lower oil prices since 2014 213
21. 11 Oil and the political economy in the Middle East 237
22. Index 269