Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents v
3. Acknowledgments ix
4. Introduction: Misinformation among Mass Audiences as a Focus for Inquiry 1
5. PART I Dimensions of Audience Awareness of Misinformation
6. ONE Believing Things That Are Not True: A Cognitive Science Perspective on Misinformation 15
7. TWO Awareness of Misinformation in Health-Related Advertising: A Narrative Review of the Literature 35
8. THREE The Importance of Measuring Knowledge in the Age of Misinformation and Challenges in the Tobacco Domain 51
9. FOUR Measuring Perceptions of Shares of Groups 71
10. FIVE Dimensions of Visual Misinformation in the Emerging Media Landscape 91
11. PART II Theoretical Effects and Consequences of Misinformation
12. SIX The Effects of False Information in News Stories 109
13. SEVEN Can Satire and Irony Constitute Misinformation? 124
14. EIGHT Media and Political Misperceptions 140
15. NINE Misinformation and Science: Emergence, Diffusion, and Persistence 157
16. TEN Doing the Wrong Things for the Right Reasons: How Environmental Misinformation Affects Environmental Behavior 177
17. PART III Solutions and Remedies for Misinformation
18. ELEVEN Misinformation and Its Correction: Cognitive Mechanisms and Recommendations for Mass Communication 195
19. TWELVE How to Counteract Consumer Product Misinformation 212
20. THIRTEEN A History of Fact Checking in U.S. Politics and Election Contexts 232
21. FOURTEEN Comparing Approaches to Journalistic Fact Checking 249
22. FIFTEEN The Role of Middle-Level Gatekeepers in the Propagation and Longevity of Misinformation 263
23. SIXTEEN Encouraging Information Search to Counteract Misinformation: Providing “Balanced” Information about Vaccines 274
24. Conclusion: An Agenda for Misinformation Research 289
25. Contributors 295
26. Index 299