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39. Alpha, Beta, or Gamma: Where Does All the Diversity Go? (1988)
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Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter i
- Contents v
- Preface xv
- Introduction: The Macro of Macroecology 1
- 1. Macroecology: The Division of Food and Space among Species on Continents 5
-
Part One. Macroecology before Macroecology
- Introduction 13
- 2. Distribution of the Species over the Area (1920) 17
- 3. The Relation between the Number of Species and the Number of Individuals in a Random Sample of an Animal Population (1943) 24
- 4. The Generic Relations of Species in Small Ecological Communities (1947) 42
- 5. A Theoretical Ecological Model of Size Distributions among Species of Animals (1959) 52
- 6. Aggregation, Variance and the Mean (1961) 63
- 7. Bioenergetics and the Determination of Home Range Size (1963) 68
- 8. Community Evolution and the Origin of Mammals (1966) 78
- 9. A Continuous Size Spectrum for Particulate Matter in the Sea (1967) 91
- 10. Net Primary Productivity of Terrestrial Communities: Prediction from Climatological Data (1968) 99
- 11. Marine Benthic Diversity: A Comparative Study (1968) 108
-
Part Two. Dimensions of Macroecology
-
Allometry and Body Size
- 12. Size and Shape in Biology (1973) 154
- 13. Intrinsic Rate of Natural Increase: The Relationship with Body Size (1974) 159
- 14. Population Density and Body Size in Mammals (1981) 170
- 15. Body Size, Physiological Time, and Longevity of Homeothermic Animals (1981) 174
- 16. Species Number, Species Abundance and Body Length Relationships of Arboreal Beetles in Bornean Lowland Rain Forest Trees (1988) 192
- 17. Theory of Growth Geometry of Plants and Self- Thinning of Plant Populations: Geometric Similarity, Elastic Similarity, and Different Growth Modes of Plant Parts (1988) 207
- 18. Spatial Scaling of Species Composition: Body Masses of North American Land Mammals (1991) 245
-
Evolutionary Dynamics
- 19. A New Evolutionary Law (1973) 284
- 20. Ecospace Utilization and Guilds in Marine Communities through the Phanerozoic (1983) 315
- 21. Response of Mammalian Communities to Environmental Changes during the Late Quaternary (1986) 345
- 22. Background and Mass Extinctions: The Alternation of Macroevolutionary Regimes (1986) 361
- 23. Evolution of Species Assemblages: Effects of Energetic Constraints and Species Dynamics on the Diversification of the North American Avifauna (1987) 368
- 24. Species- Range Size Distributions: Products of Speciation, Extinction and Transformation (1998) 387
-
Abundance and Distributions
- Introduction 400
- 25. Dominance and the Niche in Ecological Systems (1970) 403
- 26. Geographic Ranges of North American Terrestrial Mammals (1977) 414
- 27. Changing Patterns in the Holocene Pollen Record of Northeastern North America: A Mapped Summary (1977) 431
- 28. The Latitudinal Spans of Seaweed Species and Their Patterns of Overlap (1977) 465
- 29. Seven Forms of Rarity (1981) 480
- 30. Dynamics of Regional Distribution: The Core and Satellite Species Hypothesis (1982) 495
- 31. On the Relationship between Abundance and Distribution of Species (1984) 509
-
Species Diversity
- Introduction 536
- 32. The Dynamics and Diversity of Insect Faunas (1978) 539
- 33. Determinants of Diversity in Higher Taxonomic Categories (1980) 558
- 34. Two Decades of Homage to Santa Rosalia: Toward a General Theory of Diversity (1981) 567
- 35. Mass Extinctions in the Marine Fossil Record (1982) 581
- 36. Patterns in Vascular Land Plant Diversification (1983) 586
- 37. Species- Energy Theory: An Extension of Species- Area Theory (1983) 593
- 38. Are the Smallest Organisms the Most Diverse? (1988) 606
- 39. Alpha, Beta, or Gamma: Where Does All the Diversity Go? (1988) 613
- 40. The Latitudinal Gradient in Geographical Range: How So Many Species Coexist in the Tropics (1989) 629
-
Methodological Advances
- Introduction 648
- 41. Tertiary Climatic Fluctuations and Methods of Analysis of Tertiary Floras (1971) 652
- 42. Taxonomic Diversity Estimation Using Rarefaction (1975) 684
- 43. The Statistics and Biology of the Species- Area Relationship (1979) 696
- 44. Comparisons between Taxa and Adaptive Trends: Problems of Methodology (1982) 740
- 45. A Null Model for Null Models in Biogeography (1984) 760
- 46. Phylogenies and the Comparative Method (1985) 778
- List of Contributors 795
- Index 799
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter i
- Contents v
- Preface xv
- Introduction: The Macro of Macroecology 1
- 1. Macroecology: The Division of Food and Space among Species on Continents 5
-
Part One. Macroecology before Macroecology
- Introduction 13
- 2. Distribution of the Species over the Area (1920) 17
- 3. The Relation between the Number of Species and the Number of Individuals in a Random Sample of an Animal Population (1943) 24
- 4. The Generic Relations of Species in Small Ecological Communities (1947) 42
- 5. A Theoretical Ecological Model of Size Distributions among Species of Animals (1959) 52
- 6. Aggregation, Variance and the Mean (1961) 63
- 7. Bioenergetics and the Determination of Home Range Size (1963) 68
- 8. Community Evolution and the Origin of Mammals (1966) 78
- 9. A Continuous Size Spectrum for Particulate Matter in the Sea (1967) 91
- 10. Net Primary Productivity of Terrestrial Communities: Prediction from Climatological Data (1968) 99
- 11. Marine Benthic Diversity: A Comparative Study (1968) 108
-
Part Two. Dimensions of Macroecology
-
Allometry and Body Size
- 12. Size and Shape in Biology (1973) 154
- 13. Intrinsic Rate of Natural Increase: The Relationship with Body Size (1974) 159
- 14. Population Density and Body Size in Mammals (1981) 170
- 15. Body Size, Physiological Time, and Longevity of Homeothermic Animals (1981) 174
- 16. Species Number, Species Abundance and Body Length Relationships of Arboreal Beetles in Bornean Lowland Rain Forest Trees (1988) 192
- 17. Theory of Growth Geometry of Plants and Self- Thinning of Plant Populations: Geometric Similarity, Elastic Similarity, and Different Growth Modes of Plant Parts (1988) 207
- 18. Spatial Scaling of Species Composition: Body Masses of North American Land Mammals (1991) 245
-
Evolutionary Dynamics
- 19. A New Evolutionary Law (1973) 284
- 20. Ecospace Utilization and Guilds in Marine Communities through the Phanerozoic (1983) 315
- 21. Response of Mammalian Communities to Environmental Changes during the Late Quaternary (1986) 345
- 22. Background and Mass Extinctions: The Alternation of Macroevolutionary Regimes (1986) 361
- 23. Evolution of Species Assemblages: Effects of Energetic Constraints and Species Dynamics on the Diversification of the North American Avifauna (1987) 368
- 24. Species- Range Size Distributions: Products of Speciation, Extinction and Transformation (1998) 387
-
Abundance and Distributions
- Introduction 400
- 25. Dominance and the Niche in Ecological Systems (1970) 403
- 26. Geographic Ranges of North American Terrestrial Mammals (1977) 414
- 27. Changing Patterns in the Holocene Pollen Record of Northeastern North America: A Mapped Summary (1977) 431
- 28. The Latitudinal Spans of Seaweed Species and Their Patterns of Overlap (1977) 465
- 29. Seven Forms of Rarity (1981) 480
- 30. Dynamics of Regional Distribution: The Core and Satellite Species Hypothesis (1982) 495
- 31. On the Relationship between Abundance and Distribution of Species (1984) 509
-
Species Diversity
- Introduction 536
- 32. The Dynamics and Diversity of Insect Faunas (1978) 539
- 33. Determinants of Diversity in Higher Taxonomic Categories (1980) 558
- 34. Two Decades of Homage to Santa Rosalia: Toward a General Theory of Diversity (1981) 567
- 35. Mass Extinctions in the Marine Fossil Record (1982) 581
- 36. Patterns in Vascular Land Plant Diversification (1983) 586
- 37. Species- Energy Theory: An Extension of Species- Area Theory (1983) 593
- 38. Are the Smallest Organisms the Most Diverse? (1988) 606
- 39. Alpha, Beta, or Gamma: Where Does All the Diversity Go? (1988) 613
- 40. The Latitudinal Gradient in Geographical Range: How So Many Species Coexist in the Tropics (1989) 629
-
Methodological Advances
- Introduction 648
- 41. Tertiary Climatic Fluctuations and Methods of Analysis of Tertiary Floras (1971) 652
- 42. Taxonomic Diversity Estimation Using Rarefaction (1975) 684
- 43. The Statistics and Biology of the Species- Area Relationship (1979) 696
- 44. Comparisons between Taxa and Adaptive Trends: Problems of Methodology (1982) 740
- 45. A Null Model for Null Models in Biogeography (1984) 760
- 46. Phylogenies and the Comparative Method (1985) 778
- List of Contributors 795
- Index 799