Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents vii
3. Introduction 1
4. Part 1: The emergence of practical arithmetic
5. 1 The Adoption of Indo-Arabic Numerals in Latin Europe 33
6. 2 Indo-Arabic Numerals and the Commercial Revolution 58
7. 3 A Mathematical Craft 86
8. Part 2: The spread of practical arithmetic
9. 4 The Spread of Practical Arithmetic in Italy 131
10. 5 The Spread of Practical Arithmetic in Europe 184
11. 6 Indo-Arabic Numerals in Other Vernacular Sources 245
12. Conclusion 285
13. Note on Sources 293
14. Notes 299
15. Selected Bibliography 391
16. Acknowledgments 409
17. Index 413