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43. Background Institutions for Distributive Justice

© 2021 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College

© 2021 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter i
  2. CONTENTS vii
  3. PREFACE FOR THE REVISED EDITION xi
  4. PREFACE xvii
  5. Part One. Theory
  6. CHAPTER I. JUSTICE AS FAIRNESS
  7. 1. The Role of Justice 1
  8. 2. The Subject of Justice 6
  9. 3. The Main Idea of the Theory of Justice 10
  10. 4. The Original Position and Justification 15
  11. 5. Classical Utilitarianism 19
  12. 6. Some Related Contrasts 24
  13. 7. Intuitionism 30
  14. 8. The Priority Problem 36
  15. 9. Some Remarks about Moral Theory 40
  16. CHAPTER II. THE PRINCIPLES OF JUSTICE
  17. 10. Institutions and Formal Justice 47
  18. 11. Two Principles of Justice 52
  19. 12. Interpretations of the Second Principle 57
  20. 13. Democratic Equality and the Difference Principle 65
  21. 14. Fair Equality of Opportunity and Pure Procedural Justice 73
  22. 15. Primary Social Goods as the Basis of Expectations 78
  23. 16. Relevant Social Positions 81
  24. 17. The Tendency to Equality 86
  25. 18. Principles for Individuals: The Principle of Fairness 93
  26. 19. Principles for Individuals: The Natural Duties 98
  27. CHAPTER III. THE ORIGINAL POSITION
  28. 20. The Nature of the Argument for Conceptions of Justice 102
  29. 21. The Presentation of Alternatives 105
  30. 22. The Circumstances of Justice 109
  31. 23. The Formal Constraints of the Concept of Right 112
  32. 24. The Veil of Ignorance 118
  33. 25. The Rationality of the Parties 123
  34. 26. The Reasoning Leading to the Two Principles of Justice 130
  35. 27. The Reasoning Leading to the Principle of Average Utility 139
  36. 28. Some Difficulties with the Average Principle 144
  37. 29. Some Main Grounds for the Two Principles of Justice 153
  38. 30. Classical Utilitarianism, Impartiality, and Benevolence 160
  39. Part Two. Institutions
  40. CHAPTER IV. EQUAL LIBERTY
  41. 31. The Four-Stage Sequence 171
  42. 32. The Concept of Liberty 176
  43. 33. Equal Liberty of Conscience 180
  44. 34. Toleration and the Common Interest 186
  45. 35. Toleration of the Intolerant 190
  46. 36. Political Justice and the Constitution 194
  47. 37. Limitations on the Principle of Participation 200
  48. 38. The Rule of Law 206
  49. 39. The Priority of Liberty Defined 214
  50. 40. The Kantian Interpretation of Justice as Fairness 221
  51. CHAPTER V. DISTRIBUTIVE SHARES
  52. 41. The Concept of Justice in Political Economy 228
  53. 42. Some Remarks about Economic Systems 234
  54. 43. Background Institutions for Distributive Justice 242
  55. 44. The Problem of Justice between Generations 251
  56. 45. Time Preference 259
  57. 46. Further Cases of Priority 263
  58. 47. The Precepts of Justice 267
  59. 48. Legitimate Expectations and Moral Desert 273
  60. 49. Comparison with Mixed Conceptions 277
  61. 50. The Principle of Perfection 285
  62. CHAPTER VI. DUTY AND OBLIGATION
  63. 51. The Arguments for the Principles of Natural Duty 293
  64. 52. The Arguments for the Principle of Fairness 301
  65. 53. The Duty to Comply with an Unjust Law 308
  66. 54. The Status of Majority Rule 313
  67. 55. The Definition of Civil Disobedience 319
  68. 56. The Definition of Conscientious Refusal 323
  69. 57. The Justification of Civil Disobedience 326
  70. 58. The Justification of Conscientious Refusal 331
  71. 59. The Role of Civil Disobedience 335
  72. Part Three. Ends
  73. CHAPTER VII. GOODNESS AS RATIONALITY
  74. 60. The Need for a Theory of the Good 347
  75. 61. The Definition of Good for Simpler Cases 350
  76. 62. A Note on Meaning 355
  77. 63. The Definition of Good for Plans of Life 358
  78. 64. Deliberative Rationality 365
  79. 65. The Aristotelian Principle 372
  80. 66. The Definition of Good Applied to Persons 380
  81. 67. Self-Respect, Excellences, and Shame 386
  82. 68. Several Contrasts between the Right and the Good 392
  83. CHAPTER VIII. THE SENSE OF JUSTICE
  84. 69. The Concept of a Well-Ordered Society 397
  85. 70. The Morality of Authority 405
  86. 71. The Morality of Association 409
  87. 72. The Morality of Principles 414
  88. 73. Features of the Moral Sentiments 420
  89. 74. The Connection between Moral and Natural Attitudes 425
  90. 75. The Principles of Moral Psychology 429
  91. 76. The Problem of Relative Stability 434
  92. 77. The Basis of Equality 441
  93. CHAPTER IX. THE GOOD OF JUSTICE
  94. 78. Autonomy and Objectivity 450
  95. 79. The Idea of Social Union 456
  96. 80. The Problem of Envy 464
  97. 81. Envy and Equality 468
  98. 82. The Grounds for the Priority of Liberty 474
  99. 83. Happiness and Dominant Ends 480
  100. 84. Hedonism as a Method of Choice 486
  101. 85. The Unity of the Self 491
  102. 86. The Good of the Sense of Justice 496
  103. 87. Concluding Remarks on Justification 506
  104. Conversion Table 517
  105. Index 521
A Theory of Justice
This chapter is in the book A Theory of Justice
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