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Solid State Reactions in Transition Metal Diboride-Based Materials

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Published/Copyright: January 13, 2022
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International Journal of Materials Research
From the journal International Journal of Materials Research Volume 92 Issue 11

Abstract

The variety of microstructural features of the layered structures of transition metal borides in precipitation-annealed ceramics in the quasi-ternary system TiB2–WB2 –CrB2 have been investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and electron-filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM). The combination of the methods allows to resolve structure and composition of various precipitates. The reaction of the starting borides to the (Ti, W, Cr)B2 solid-solution phase could be analysed to be a diffusive solid state reaction across the grain or interphase boundaries. The annealing leads to a partly reacted specimen which shows a microstructure consisting of unreacted TiB2 cores with a shell of the (Ti, W, Cr)B2 solid solution phase, where high stress due to the misfit between the lattices is relaxed by formation of dislocations in the interface. Plate-shaped precipitates of a β-WB-type phase with thickness of only one lattice constant could be characterised chemically by electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI) and their structure was identified by HRTEM. Spinodal decomposition of the matrix phase during annealing in the two-phase field was proven by ESI and electron diffraction. Frequently occurring stacking faults in the solid solution phase and in the WB2 phase with W2B5 structure could be structurally characterised with HRTEM.

Abstract

Mittels Kombination von hochauflösender und energie-filternder Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie (HRTEM, EFTEM) wurden Struktur und Zusammensetzung der Phasen von Keramiken im System TiB2–WB2 –CrB2 untersucht. Die Reaktion der Ausgangsboride zum (Ti, W, Cr)B2-Mischkristall konnte durch HRTEM als diffusiv über die Korngrenze ablaufende Festkörperreaktion charakterisiert werden. Die Reaktion führt zu einem aufgewachsenen (Ti, W, Cr)B2-Mischkristallmantel um einen nicht reagierten TiB2-Kern, wobei die Fehlpassung der Gitter durch Versetzungsbildung in der Grenzfläche relaxiert. Mittels elektronenspektroskopischer Abbildung (ESI) wurden plattenförmige Ausscheidungen eines β-WB-Phasen-typs mit der Ausdehnung einer Gitterkonstante in ihrer chemischen Zusammensetzung charakterisiert und strukturell durch HRTEM identifiziert. Die durch das Tempern im Zweiphasengebiet im festen Zustand auftretende spinodale Entmischung der Matrixphase wurde durch elektronenspektroskopische Abbildung (ESI) und Elektronenbeugung nachgewiesen. Stapelfehler im Mischkristall und in der WB2-Phase mit W2B5-Struktur konnten durch HRTEM in ihrer Struktur charakterisiert werden.

Keywords: Transition metal diborides; Stacking faults; High resolution transmission electron microscopy; Electron filtering transmission electron microscopy; Spinodal decomposition
Dr. C. Schmalzried Institut für Gesteinshüttenkunde Mauerstr. 5, D-52064 Aachen, Germany Fax: +49 241 8888 226

Dedicated to Professor Dr. Dr. h. c. mult. Günter Petzow on the occasion of his 75th birthday

  1. We gratefully acknowledge the Volkswagen Foundation for financial support.

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Received: 2001-05-17
Published Online: 2022-01-13

© 2001 Carl Hanser Verlag, München

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Aufsätze/Articles
  3. On the Formation of a Silver-Rich Ordered Phase in Ag–Pt Solid Solutions
  4. Solid State Reactions in Transition Metal Diboride-Based Materials
  5. Anisotropy in Thermal Transport Properties of Cast γ-TiAl Alloys
  6. Local Orientation Changes and Shear Banding in {112} 〈111〉-Oriented Aluminium Single Crystals
  7. Cyclic Saturation Dislocation Structures of Multiple-Slip-Oriented Copper Single Crystals
  8. The Ultra-High Rate Superplastic Forming of a Zn–22Al Thin Sheet Material
  9. Einfluss der Umformgeschwindigkeit und -temperatur auf das Fließverhalten der Magnesiumlegierung AZ80
  10. Thermodynamic Evaluation of Nano-Particle Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
  11. Measurement of Surface Tension of Liquid Ga-Base Alloys by a Sessile Drop Method
  12. Structure Changes and Precipitation Kinetics in Melt Spun and Aged Al–Li–Cu Alloy
  13. TEM Analyses of Heterogeneous Nucleation of Internally Oxidised Multi-Component Ag–Zn-Based Alloys
  14. Tensile Properties and Fracture of Ferritic SG-Iron Having Different Graphite-Shell Structure
  15. The Effect of Crystallographic Structure of Pure Metals on the Relation between their Specific Heat Content between Room Temperature and the Melting Point and the Magnitude of Some Mechanical Properties
  16. Mitteilungen/Notifications
  17. Personen
  18. Bücher/Books
  19. International Conferences
https://doi.org/10.3139/ijmr-2001-0221
Keywords for this article
Transition metal diborides; Stacking faults; High resolution transmission electron microscopy; Electron filtering transmission electron microscopy; Spinodal decomposition

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Aufsätze/Articles
  3. On the Formation of a Silver-Rich Ordered Phase in Ag–Pt Solid Solutions
  4. Solid State Reactions in Transition Metal Diboride-Based Materials
  5. Anisotropy in Thermal Transport Properties of Cast γ-TiAl Alloys
  6. Local Orientation Changes and Shear Banding in {112} 〈111〉-Oriented Aluminium Single Crystals
  7. Cyclic Saturation Dislocation Structures of Multiple-Slip-Oriented Copper Single Crystals
  8. The Ultra-High Rate Superplastic Forming of a Zn–22Al Thin Sheet Material
  9. Einfluss der Umformgeschwindigkeit und -temperatur auf das Fließverhalten der Magnesiumlegierung AZ80
  10. Thermodynamic Evaluation of Nano-Particle Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
  11. Measurement of Surface Tension of Liquid Ga-Base Alloys by a Sessile Drop Method
  12. Structure Changes and Precipitation Kinetics in Melt Spun and Aged Al–Li–Cu Alloy
  13. TEM Analyses of Heterogeneous Nucleation of Internally Oxidised Multi-Component Ag–Zn-Based Alloys
  14. Tensile Properties and Fracture of Ferritic SG-Iron Having Different Graphite-Shell Structure
  15. The Effect of Crystallographic Structure of Pure Metals on the Relation between their Specific Heat Content between Room Temperature and the Melting Point and the Magnitude of Some Mechanical Properties
  16. Mitteilungen/Notifications
  17. Personen
  18. Bücher/Books
  19. International Conferences
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