Identification of the damage degree of concrete with different water cement ratios using the acousto-ultrasonic technique

Wang Yan; Ge Lu; Chen Shi Jie; Zhang Ting Ting; Zhou Li

doi:10.3139/120.111087

Article

Identification of the damage degree of concrete with different water cement ratios using the acousto-ultrasonic technique

Wang Yan , Ge Lu , Chen Shi Jie , Zhang Ting Ting and Zhou Li

Published/Copyright: October 2, 2017

Published by

Become an author with De Gruyter Brill

Submit Manuscript Author Information

From the journal Materials Testing Volume 59 Issue 10

Abstract

In order to study the effect of water cement ratio on the damage degree of concrete at different stress levels, the acoustic and acousto-ultrasonic characteristics of concrete with different water cement ratio under multi-stage loading were analyzed. It was concluded that with the increase of the damage degree of concrete, the damage variable and the third harmonic ratio increased, while the acousto-ultrasonic velocity and acousto-ultrasonic energy decreased. Among them, the third harmonic ratio was the most sensitive parameter affecting the damage degree. The compressive strength of concrete decreased with the increase of water cement ratio, and they were linearly related. Furthermore, with the increase of the stress level or the increase of the water cement ratio, the damage of concrete occurred during the holding period increased.

Kurzfassung

Um die Auswirkung des Wasser-Zement-Verhältnisses auf den Schädigungsgrad von Beton bei verschiedenen Spannungsniveaus zu studieren, wurden die akustischen und Akustik-Ultraschall-Charakteristika von Beton mit verschiedenen Wasser-Zement-Verhältnissen unter mehrstufiger Belastung analysiert. Es stellte sich heraus, dass mit dem Anstieg des Schädigungsgrades des Betons die Schädigungsvariable und das dritte harmonische Verhältnis zunahmen, während die Akustik-Ultraschall-Geschwindigkeit und die Akustik-Ultraschall-Energie abnahmen. Dabei war das dritte harmonische Verhältnis der sensitivste Parameter bezüglich des Schädigungsgrades. Die Druckfestigkeit des Betons nahm mit zunehmendem Wasser-Zement-Verhältnis ab, wobei diese Parameter linear zusammenhingen. Darüber hinaus nahm mit zunehmendem Spannungsniveau oder Wasser-Zement-Verhältnis die Schädigung des Betons zu, die während der Haltezeit auftrat.

*Correspondence Address, Associate Prof. Dr. Wang Yan, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, P. R. China, E-mail: drwanghhu@126.com

Associate Prof. Dr. Wang Yan, born in 1980, studied Civil Engineering at Hohai University, Nanjing, China, from 2000 to 2009. There he finished his PhD on the damage assessment and damage mechanism of concrete based on the acoustic emission technology in 2009 and started teaching in the same year. He had been working at Hohai University from 2009 to the present. The focus of his research lies on the damage study of concrete using acoustic emission and ultrasonic technique.

MEng Ge Lu, born in 1992, studied Civil Engineering at Hohai University, China, from 2011 to now. There she completed her Bachelor's degree in 2015 and is pursuing her Master's degree. Her research focus includes the damage process of concrete under dynamic load using the acoustic emission wavelet analysis technique.

MEng Chen Shi Jie, born in 1991, studied Civil Engineering at Hohai University, Nanjing, China, from 2014 to the present. His research focus includes the acoustic emission characteristics and damage mechanism of fiber reinforced concrete in dynamic axial tension.

MEng Zhang Ting Ting, born in 1993, has been studying Civil Engineering at Hohai University, Nanjing, China, since 2016. Her research focus includes the acoustic emission characteristics of mortar and concrete under dynamic axial tension.

MEng Zhou Li, born in 1992, has been studying Civil Engineering at Hohai University, Nanjing, China, since 2015. Her research focus includes the damage characteristics of basalt fiber reinforced mortar under compression by acoustic emission characteristic parameters.

References

1 B.Felekoğlu, S.Türkel, B.Baradan: Effect of water/cement ratio on the fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete, Building and Environment42 (2007), No. 4, pp. 1795–180210.1016/j.buildenv.2006.01.012Search in Google Scholar

2 S.Popovics: Analysis of the concrete strength versus water-cement ratio relationship, American Concrete Institute – Materials Journal87 (1990), No. 5, pp. 517–529Search in Google Scholar

3 P. K.Mehta: Studies on chemical resistance of low water/cement ratio concretes, Cement and Concrete Research15 (1985), No. 6, pp. 969–97810.1016/0008-8846(85)90087-0Search in Google Scholar

4 Z.Lafhaj, M.Goueygou, A.Djerbi, M.Kaczmarek: Correlation between porosity, permeability and ultrasonic parameters of mortar with variable water/cement ratio and water content, Cement and Concrete Research36 (2006), No. 4, pp. 625–63310.1016/j.cemconres.2005.11.009Search in Google Scholar

5 F. H.Wittmann, P. E.Roelfstra, H.Mihashi, Y. Y.Huang, X. H.Zhang, N.Nomura: Influence of age of loading, water-cement ratio and rate of loading on fracture energy of concrete, Materials and Structures20 (1987), No. 2, pp. 103–11010.1007/BF02472745Search in Google Scholar

6 A.Elsharief, M. D.Cohen, J.Olek: Influence of aggregate size, water-cement ratio and age on the microstructure of the interfacial transition zone, Cement and Concrete Research33 (2003), No. 11, pp. 1837–184910.1016/S0008-8846(03)00205-9Search in Google Scholar

7 K.Warnemuende: Amplitude Modulated Acousto-Ultrasonic Non-destructive Testing: Damage Evaluation in Concrete, ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, PhD Thesis, Gradworks, Wayne State University, USA (2006)Search in Google Scholar

8 M.Kharrat, L.Gaillet: Non-destructive evaluation of anchorage zones by ultrasonics techniques, Ultrasonics61 (2015), pp. 52–6110.1016/j.ultras.2015.03.007Search in Google Scholar PubMed

9 M. F.Kaplan: The effects of age and water/cement ratio upon the relation between ultrasonic pulse velocity and compressive strength of concrete, Magazine of Concrete Research32 (1959); No. 11, pp. 85–9210.1680/macr.1959.11.32.85Search in Google Scholar

10 K. L.Warnemuende, H. C.Wu: High-sensitivity NDE in concrete: Enhancement of energy dispersion using acoustic perturbation, NDE for Health Monitoring and Diagnostics5394 (2004), pp. 127–13810.1117/12.544403Search in Google Scholar

11 M.Ekenel, N.Galati, J.Myers, A.Nanni, V.Godínez: Acousto-ultrasonic technology for nondestructive evaluation of concrete bridge members strengthened by carbon fiber-reinforced polymer, Journal of the Transportation Research Board1928 (2005), pp. 245–25110.3141/1928-26Search in Google Scholar

12 S. C.Stoll: Application of acousto-ultrasonic technique in evaluation of bond strength between composites and concrete substrates, ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, Master Thesis, Gradworks, University of Louisville, USA (2009)Search in Google Scholar

13 H. L. R.Chen, K.Wissawapaisal: Study of acoustic surface waveguides on reinforced concrete slabs, Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation19 (2000), No. 4, pp. 129–14010.1023/A:1010708113426Search in Google Scholar

14 Z. W.Liu: Evaluation of reinforced concrete beams using cyclic load test, acoustic emission and acousto-ultrasonics, ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, PhD Thesis, Gradworks, University of South Carolina, USA (2007)Search in Google Scholar

15 T. P.Philippidis, D. G.Aggelis: An acousto-ultrasonic approach for the determination of water-to-cement ratio in concrete, Cement and Concrete Research33 (2003), No. 4, pp. 525–53810.1016/S0008-8846(02)00999-7Search in Google Scholar

16 D. G.Aggelis, T. P.Philippidis: Ultrasonic wave dispersion and attenuation in fresh mortar, NDT & E International37 (2004), No. 8, pp. 617–63110.1016/j.ndteint.2004.04.002Search in Google Scholar

17 E.Maillet, N.Godin, M.R'Mili, P.Reynaud, G.Fantozzi, J.Lamon: Damage monitoring and identification in SiC/SiC minicomposites using combined acousto-ultrasonics and acoustic emission, Composites Part A – Applied Science & Manufacturing57 (2014), No. 1, pp. 8–1510.1016/j.compositesa.2013.10.010Search in Google Scholar

18 D. G.Aggelis: On the wave propagation in concrete, D.Fotiadis (Ed.), Proceedings of the 5^th International Workshop on Mathematical Methods in Scattering Theory and Biomedical Technology, Scattering and Biomedical Engineering: Modeling and Applications, Greece (2002), pp. 175–18410.1142/9789812777140_0013Search in Google Scholar

19 Y. H.He: Research on ultrasonic velocity properties and damage development of sandstone under uniaxial compression, Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering12 (2016), No. 1, pp. 44–48 (in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar

20 T. O.Mueller: Nonlinear Ultrasonics: Signal Processing Considerations and a Nonlinear Parameter for Rayleigh Waves, Georgia Institute of Technology, Master Thesis, Gradworks, Georgia, USA (2005)Search in Google Scholar

21 A. A.Shah, Y.Ribakov: Non-destructive evaluation of concrete in damaged and undamaged states, Material and Design30 (2009), No. 9, pp. 3504–351110.1016/j.matdes.2009.03.008Search in Google Scholar

22 X. J.Chen, J. Y.Kim, K. E.Kurtis, J.Qu, C. W.Shen, L. J.Jacobs: Characterization of progressive microcracking in Portland cement mortar using nonlinear ultrasonics, NDT & E International42 (2008), No. 2, pp. 112–11810.1016/j.ndteint.2007.08.009Search in Google Scholar

23 A. A.Shah, Y.Ribakov: Non-destructive evaluation of concrete in damaged and undamaged states, Materials and Design30 (2009), No. 9, pp. 3504–351110.1016/j.matdes.2009.03.008Search in Google Scholar

24 X.Chen, C.Shen, L.Laurence, A.Jacobs: A method for microcrack detection based on harmonic amplitude ratio of nonlinear ultrasonic, Engineering Journal of Wuhan University40 (2007), No. 6, pp. 61–65 (in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar

25 C.Xie, Q. C.Wang, S.Li, B.Hui: Relations of pore fractal dimension to pore structure and compressive strength of concrete under different water to binder ratio and curing condition, Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society34 (2015), No. 12, pp. 3695–370210.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2015.12.060Search in Google Scholar

26 S. D.Qiu: Effect of different water-cement ratio and fluidity on compressive strength of cement, Cement Engineering5 (2010), pp. 63–6410.13697/j.cnki.32-1449/tu.2010.05.020Search in Google Scholar

Published Online: 2017-10-02

Published in Print: 2017-10-04

You are currently not able to access this content.

Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.3139/120.111087