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Development of a Method for the Analysis of Microbial Load Reduction Factors on Dishes Cleaned by Hand and by Machine

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Published/Copyright: May 13, 2015
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Tenside Surfactants Detergents
From the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents Volume 52 Issue 3

Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop a repeatable method for the measurement of microbial load reduction factors after hand and machine dishwashing processes that meet the requirements associated with consumer studies, based on non-pathogen test strains. Microorganisms were isolated from tableware, identified and cultured for this purpose, mixed with soiling agents and lyophilised for storage purposes. Detailed instructions for ambient conditions and disinfection, and preparation and application of soiling agents were defined. The method chosen in this study successfully led to repeatable results. The food matrix of the soiling agents used for the application of test strains shows to have a large impact. This is, therefore, the first repeatable method that enables the comparison of microbial load reduction factors after machine with hand dishwashing. In addition, the method was designed in a way that enables further consumer studies.

Kurzfassung

Zielstellung der Arbeit war die Entwicklung einer Methode zum Nachweis der Keimzahlreduktion, die mit guter Wiederholgenauigkeit sowohl beim manuellen als auch beim maschinellen Geschirrspülen eingesetzt und durch die Verwendung nichtpathogener Testkeime auch für Verbraucherstudien angewendet werden kann. Dazu wurden geeignete Keime von verschmutztem Geschirr isoliert, identifiziert, kultiviert, mit bestimmten Lebensmitteln gemischt, gefriergetrocknet und portionsweise eingefroren. In der Durchführung der eigentlichen Versuche wurden diese Lebensmittelverschmutzungen auf Geschirrteilen nach genau festgelegten Methoden aufgebracht und auch die sonstigen Randbedingungen genauestens definiert. Die Ergebnisse der Versuche zeigen bei einer guten Wiederholgenauigkeit den großen Einfluss der Lebensmittelmatrix, in der die Mikroorganismen eingebracht werden. Insgesamt zeigt sich diese Methode als sehr gut geeignet, um die Keimzahlreduzierung an Geschirr unter realitätsnahen Bedingungen bestimmen zu können.

Key words: Microbial Load Reduction Factor; microorganisms; disinfection; machine dishwashing process; hand dishwashing process
Stichwörter: Keimzahlreduktion; Mikroorganismen; Desinfektion; maschinelles Geschirrspülen; Handgeschirrspülen
* Correspondence address, Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Rainer Stamminger, Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Institut für Landtechnik, Nußallee 5, 53115 Bonn, Tel.: +4 92 28/73 31 17, Fax: +4 92 28/73 25 96, E-Mail:

Sarah Berger has got a Master of Science in “Ernährungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften” from Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Germany.

Rainer Stamminger is professor for Household Technology and Process Engineering at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Germany.

Wiebke M. Schünemann has got a Bachelor of Science in “Ernährungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften” from Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Germany.

André Lipski is professor of Food Microbiology and Hygiene at the Rheinische Fried rich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Germany.

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Received: 2014-12-19
Accepted: 2015-02-09
Published Online: 2015-05-13
Published in Print: 2015-05-15

© 2015, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Review Article
  4. Polyphenolics-Phospholipid Complexes as Natural Cosmetic Ingredients: Properties and Application
  5. Cleaning and Hygiene
  6. Construction of a Virtual Washing Machine
  7. Larger Washing Machines and Smaller Household Size – How Can They Fit Together? Simulation of a Sustainable Use of Washing Machines
  8. Development of a Method for the Analysis of Microbial Load Reduction Factors on Dishes Cleaned by Hand and by Machine
  9. Environmental Chemistry
  10. A new Iodobismuthate Method with a Low Volume Filtration Device as a New Tool for the Determination of Microgram Oxyethylate Amounts
  11. Synthesis
  12. Hybrid Biosurfactant: Syntheses of Hybrid Corynomycolic Acid and its Monolayer Formation
  13. Efficient Synthesis of Nanostructured Poly(aniline-co-m-aminobenzoic acid) Copolymer in Presence of DBSA Surfactant
  14. Physical Chemistry
  15. Study of Mixed Micelles of Promethazine Hydrochloride (PMT) and Nonionic Surfactant (TX-100) Mixtures at Different Temperatures and Compositions
  16. Application
  17. Study of Underwater Contact Angles for Formulation of Fatliquoring Emulsions Using Green Surfactants
  18. Interfacial Properties of Alkylbenzene Sulfonates Ternary Mixtures
https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110367
Keywords for this article
Microbial Load Reduction Factor; microorganisms; disinfection; machine dishwashing process; hand dishwashing process

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Review Article
  4. Polyphenolics-Phospholipid Complexes as Natural Cosmetic Ingredients: Properties and Application
  5. Cleaning and Hygiene
  6. Construction of a Virtual Washing Machine
  7. Larger Washing Machines and Smaller Household Size – How Can They Fit Together? Simulation of a Sustainable Use of Washing Machines
  8. Development of a Method for the Analysis of Microbial Load Reduction Factors on Dishes Cleaned by Hand and by Machine
  9. Environmental Chemistry
  10. A new Iodobismuthate Method with a Low Volume Filtration Device as a New Tool for the Determination of Microgram Oxyethylate Amounts
  11. Synthesis
  12. Hybrid Biosurfactant: Syntheses of Hybrid Corynomycolic Acid and its Monolayer Formation
  13. Efficient Synthesis of Nanostructured Poly(aniline-co-m-aminobenzoic acid) Copolymer in Presence of DBSA Surfactant
  14. Physical Chemistry
  15. Study of Mixed Micelles of Promethazine Hydrochloride (PMT) and Nonionic Surfactant (TX-100) Mixtures at Different Temperatures and Compositions
  16. Application
  17. Study of Underwater Contact Angles for Formulation of Fatliquoring Emulsions Using Green Surfactants
  18. Interfacial Properties of Alkylbenzene Sulfonates Ternary Mixtures
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