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Resource Saving by Training – How much can be Saved in Manual Dishwashing?

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Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 11. April 2013
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Abstract

Automatic dishwashing has been optimised in manifold ways during the last decades. But it is also necessary to optimise manual dishwashing, because almost every household still washes up at least a few items by hand. A procedure based on an experimental multi-factorial laboratory study was developed to wash up a specified number of dishes with good cleanliness and an optimum water consumption as results. This procedure was then translated into generalised dishwashing tips – called Best Practice Tips. These tips were used to run two comparative consumer laboratory studies: the first part of each study investigated the everyday dishwashing behaviour and resource consumption of consumers. The second part studied the behaviour and the resource consumption after a training on the Best Practice Tips. The comparison showed that with a larger number of dishes, relevant amounts of resources of energy and water can be saved, whereas with a smaller number of dishes, no significant reduction was found. This is possibly due to a different optimum for washing up only a few items.

Kurzfassung

Das Geschirrspülen in der Maschine wurde in den letzten Jahrzehnten in vielfacher Weise optimiert. Da jedoch in fast jedem Haushalt immer noch zumindest einige Teile von Hand abgewaschen werden, ist es auch nötig, das Handgeschirrspülen zu optimieren. Auf Basis einer multi-faktoriellen Laborstudie wurde eine Prozedur entwickelt, um eine definierte Anzahl an Geschirrteilen mit einem guten Reinigungsergebnis und einem optimierten Wasserverbrauch abzuwaschen. Auf Basis dieser Prozedur wurden Spültipps definiert – die sogenannten Best Practice Tips. Diese Tipps wurden dazu benutzt, um zwei Laborstudien durchzuführen: Im ersten Teil jeder Studie wurde das alltägliche Verhalten und der Ressourcenverbrauch beim Handgeschirrspülen erfasst. Im zweiten Teil jeder Studie wurde das Verhalten und der Ressourcenverbrauch nach einem Training zu den Best Practice Tips untersucht. Der Vergleich zeigte, dass mit größeren Geschirrmengen relevante Mengen an Wasser und Energie eingespart werden konnten. Hingegen konnte bei kleineren Geschirrmengen keine signifikante Reduzierung des Ressourcenverbrauchs festgestellt werden. Dies liegt möglicherweise daran, dass es für kleine Geschirrmengen eine andere optimale Art und Weise gibt, von Hand abzuspülen.

Key words:: Resource saving; manual dishwashing; training; optimum water consumption; Best Practice Tips
Stichwörter:: Ressourceneinsparung; manuelles Geschirrspülen; Training; optimaler Wasserverbrauch; Empfehlungen für das beste Vorgehen
∗ Dipl. oecotroph. Natalie Fuss, Household and Appliance Technology Section, University of Bonn, Germany, Nussallee 5, D-53115 Germany, Tel.: +49-228735955. E-Mail:

Dipl. oecotroph. Natalie Fuss studied nutritional science and home economics from 2002 to 2007 at the University of Bonn. In her diploma thesis she applied a quality management system to an E-Learning project for students. Having finished the studies with diploma in 2007, she has started working as a scientific assistant in the household and appliance technology section of the University of Bonn. In her PhD thesis, she is investigating the manual dishwashing process regarding the optimisation of resource consumption.

Prof. Dr. Rainer Stamminger, University of Bonn. After 17 years of practical experience in the development of washing machines and dishwasher with AEG Hausgeräte, Germany Rainer Stamminger was promoted in 2002 as professor for appliance and process engineering at University of Bonn. Main areas of research at University are consumer behaviour of homework with and without using appliances, new products or features, smart appliances, robots for household application and questions of sustainability of housekeeping.

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Received: 2011-03-01
Published Online: 2013-04-11
Published in Print: 2011-09-01

© 2011, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Abstracts
  4. Abstracts
  5. Application
  6. Experimental Study of Surfactant Retention on Kaolinite Clay
  7. Resource Saving by Training – How much can be Saved in Manual Dishwashing?
  8. Environmental Chemistry
  9. Adsorption Studies of Basic Green 4 from Aqueous Solution on Ca2+ Exchanged Clay
  10. Aquatic Risk Assessment of Enzymes used in Household Detergents
  11. Aquatic Risk Assessment of Alcohol Ethoxylates, Alcohol Ethoxysulphates and Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate used in Household Detergents
  12. Ultimate Biodegradation of Commercial Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonates (LAS) Under ISO 14593 Headspace CO2 Test: Compliance with EU Detergent Regulation 648/2004
  13. Physical Chemistry
  14. Evaluation of Physico-Chemical Interactions between Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate (LAS) and Alcohol Ethoxylates
  15. Volumetric and Diffusion Properties of Water/Surfactant/n-Propanol/4-Allylanisole Micellar Systems
  16. Synthesis
  17. Synthesis of Dodecyl Lauroyl Benzene Sulfonate and its Application in Enhanced Oil Recovery
  18. One-step Preparation of Comb-like Surfactants Containing Poly(ethylene oxide) Methyl Ether and Linear Alkyl Grafts
https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110140
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Resource saving; manual dishwashing; training; optimum water consumption; Best Practice Tips

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Abstracts
  4. Abstracts
  5. Application
  6. Experimental Study of Surfactant Retention on Kaolinite Clay
  7. Resource Saving by Training – How much can be Saved in Manual Dishwashing?
  8. Environmental Chemistry
  9. Adsorption Studies of Basic Green 4 from Aqueous Solution on Ca2+ Exchanged Clay
  10. Aquatic Risk Assessment of Enzymes used in Household Detergents
  11. Aquatic Risk Assessment of Alcohol Ethoxylates, Alcohol Ethoxysulphates and Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate used in Household Detergents
  12. Ultimate Biodegradation of Commercial Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonates (LAS) Under ISO 14593 Headspace CO2 Test: Compliance with EU Detergent Regulation 648/2004
  13. Physical Chemistry
  14. Evaluation of Physico-Chemical Interactions between Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate (LAS) and Alcohol Ethoxylates
  15. Volumetric and Diffusion Properties of Water/Surfactant/n-Propanol/4-Allylanisole Micellar Systems
  16. Synthesis
  17. Synthesis of Dodecyl Lauroyl Benzene Sulfonate and its Application in Enhanced Oil Recovery
  18. One-step Preparation of Comb-like Surfactants Containing Poly(ethylene oxide) Methyl Ether and Linear Alkyl Grafts
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