Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents vii
3. Preface ix
4. Bibliographic Note xv
5. Acknowledgments xvii
6. Introduction: Authorship and Anonymity in Old English Verse 3
7. 1. Manuscript Audiences and Other Audiences 39
8. 2. The Audience for Saxon Songs in the Late Ninth Century 65
9. 3. Literate Poetic Composition in Tenth-Century Classical Poems 104
10. 4. What Has Ælfric to Do with Maldon? 146
11. 5. Eleventh-Century Traditions of Formulaic Composition 171
12. 6. Conclusion 199
13. Appendix. Two Unrecognized Late Old English Poems 209
14. Bibliography 217
15. Index 231
16. Backmatter 239