Second boiling effects on the Al-content of hornblende rims from an exhumed Cretaceous arc pluton, Stewart Island, New Zealand
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Abstract
High-resolution transects across amphiboles from the layered mafic-felsic Halfmoon Pluton suggest that amphibole compositions in the outermost ~40 μm of grains analyzed fluctuate in response to P-T-PH₂O conditions during the final stages of pluton emplacement and crystallization. Detailed transects (~10-15 μm point spacing) across 15 crystals from six representative rock types within the compositionally stratified Halfmoon Pluton revealed that in almost all crystals Altot increased over at least the outer 40 μm, coupled with a decrease in temperature and Ti-content. P-T estimates for Halfmoon Pluton amphiboles using the Al-in-hornblende geobarometer and the hornblende-plagioclase geothermometer are consistent with upper crustal emplacement depths. Amphibole Altot within the core and midsections is controlled by the temperature-dependent edenite and Ti-Tschermak exchanges, and is interpreted to reflect the influence of repeated injections of hot mafic magma into the magma reservoir during crystallization. Increases in Altot at all amphibole rims arise from a notable increase in VIAl and small increases in IVAl, indicating that, unlike the core and midsections that exhibit a strong temperature dependence, rim-Altot is a function of the pressure-dependent Al-Tschermak exchange. Pressure estimates calculated for amphibole rims record a rim-ward increase in P equivalent to between 0.2 and 1.9 kbar, which corresponds to increases in depth of crystallization of 0.7 and 6.7 km, respectively. This observed increase in pressure at the rims of all amphibole grains analyzed is not consistent with increasing lithostatic pressure as a result of pluton burial, but to an increase in PH₂O in response to second boiling, a common process during late-stage crystallization of H2O-rich intermediate-silicic magmas. The presence of water escape structures throughout the pluton, and the predominance of biotite-rich mafic enclaves that commonly contain amygdules toward the inferred top of the magmatic “stratigraphy” provide further evidence to support the process of second boiling. These results indicate that caution is required in choosing suitable analytical sites when applying the Al-in-hornblende geobarometer, particularly within plutonic bodies where there is evidence for vesiculation and water escape structures, as the outer rim compositions of amphiboles may not be a function of lithostatic pressure alone.
© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
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Articles in the same Issue
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- The 3.65 Å phase, MgSi(OH)6: Structural insights from DFT-calculations and T-dependent IR spectroscopy
- Vertical zonation of the Barcroft granodiorite, White Mountains, California: Implications for magmatic processes
- Minerals in cement chemistry: A single-crystal neutron diffraction and Raman spectroscopic study of thaumasite, Ca3Si(OH)6(CO3)(SO4)·12H2O
- A new high-pressure phase transition in natural Fe-bearing orthoenstatite
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- Lead in zircon at the atomic scale
- Characterization of fluor-chlorapatites by electron probe microanalysis with a focus on time-dependent intensity variation of halogens
- An inversion-based self-calibration for SIMS measurements: Application to H, F, and Cl in apatite
- Second boiling effects on the Al-content of hornblende rims from an exhumed Cretaceous arc pluton, Stewart Island, New Zealand
- Heat transfer in plagioclase feldspars
- Transport properties and equation of state of 1-bar eutectic melt in the system CaAl2Si2O8-CaMgSi2O6 by molecular dynamics simulation
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- A first-principle investigation of antigorite up to 30 GPa: Structural behavior under compression
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- Manganoquadratite, AgMnAsS3, a new manganese-bearing sulfosalt from the Uchucchacua polymetallic deposit, Lima Department, Peru: Description and crystal structure
- Leucostaurite, Pb2[B5O9]Cl·0.5H2O, from the Atacama Desert: The first Pb-dominant member of the hilgardite group, and micro-determination of boron in minerals by PIGE
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