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Hydrothermal synthesis of hematite spherules and jarosite: Implications for diagenesis and hematite spherule formation in sulfate outcrops at Meridiani Planum, Mars
-
D.C. Golden
,
R.V. Morris
Veröffentlicht/Copyright:
1. April 2015
Abstract
We synthesized hematite spherules whose mineralogic, chemical, and crystallographic properties are strikingly similar to those for the hematite-rich spherules in lag deposits on the surface and embedded in outcrops at Meridiani Planum, Mars. The spherules were synthesized in the laboratory along with hydronium jarosite and minor hydronium alunite from Fe-Al-Mg-S-Cl acid-sulfate solutions under hydrothermal conditions. The reaction sequence was (1) precipitation of hydronium jarosite; (2) jarosite dissolution and precipitation of hematite spherules; and (3) precipitation of hydronium alunite upon depletion of hydronium jarosite. The spherules exhibit a radial growth texture with the crystallographic c axis aligned along the radial direction, so that thermal emission spectra have no hematite emissivity minimum at ~390 cm-1. Our experiments show that hydrothermal, acid-sulfate solutions are a pathway for formation of jarosite and the hematite spherules at Meridiani Planum, Mars.
Keywords : Hematite; jarosite; spherule; synthesis; diagenesis; Mars; hydrothermal; concretions; thermal emission spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; Mössbauer spectroscopy; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy
Received: 2007-7-11
Accepted: 2008-3-4
Published Online: 2015-4-1
Published in Print: 2008-8-1
© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
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Artikel in diesem Heft
- Hydrothermal synthesis of hematite spherules and jarosite: Implications for diagenesis and hematite spherule formation in sulfate outcrops at Meridiani Planum, Mars
- Concentric slow cooling of a low-P–high-T terrane: Evidence from 1600–1300 Ma mica dates in the 1780–1700 Ma Black Hills Orogen, South Dakota, U.S.A.
- Monazite ages from carbonatites and high-grade assemblages along the Kambam Fault (Southern Granulite Terrane, South India)
- Forward modeling of the effects of mixed volatile reaction, volume diffusion, and formation of submicroscopic exsolution lamellae on calcite-dolomite thermometry
- A low-temperature phase diagram for ilmenite-rich compositions in the system Fe2O3-FeTiO3
- Dehydrogenation of kaersutitic amphibole under electron beam excitation recorded by changes in Fe3+/ΣFe: An EMP and SIMS study
- Protonation in germanium equivalents of ringwoodite, anhydrous phase B, and superhydrous phase B
- Andreyivanovite: A second new phosphide from the Kaidun meteorite
- The crystal chemistry of whitlockite and merrillite and the dehydrogenation of whitlockite to merrillite
- Single-crystal elastic properties of (Mg0.987,Fe0.013)O to 9 GPa
- Stoichiometry of synthetic ulvöspinel single crystals
- Thermal behavior and structural transformation in the chabazite-type zeolite willhendersonite, KCaAl3Si3O12·5H2O
- The kinetics and mechanisms of schwertmannite transformation to goethite and hematite under alkaline conditions
- Crystal chemistry of the mixed-layer sequence talc–talc-smectite–smectite from submarine hydrothermal vents
- Crystal chemical and structural characterization of fibrous tremolite from Susa Valley, Italy, with comments on potential harmful effects on human health
- Thermodynamic properties of CaTh(PO4)2 synthetic cheralite
- A computational study of order-disorder phenomena in Mg2TiO4 spinel (qandilite)
- Mineralogical characterization of silica sinters from the El Tatio geothermal field, Chile
- Influence of multi-electron excitation on EXAFS spectroscopy of trivalent rare-earth ions and elucidation of change in hydration number through the series
- Pressure-induced over-hydration and water ordering in gismondine: A synchrotron powder diffraction study
- 57Fe Mössbauer study of the oxidation state of iron in stilpnomelane from granite pegmatites in Poland
- Constraints on structural models of ferrihydrite as a nanocrystalline material
- Pb+ irradiation of synthetic zircon (ZrSiO4): Infrared spectroscopic investigation
- Equation of state and crystal structure of a new germanate post-titanite phase
- Synthetic hypersilicic Cl-bearing mica in the phlogopite-celadonite join: A multimethodical characterization of the missing link between di- and tri-octahedral micas at high pressures
- The effect of crystal-melt partitioning on the budgets of Cu, Au, and Ag
- Thermodynamics of dehydration in analcime: Absorption calorimetry and equilibrium observations
- Accommodation of the carbonate ion in fluorapatite synthesized at high pressure
- Unusual Al-Si ordering in calcic scapolite, Me79.6, with increasing temperature
- Letter. Identification of randomly interstratified illite/smectite with basal peak widths
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Hematite;
jarosite;
spherule;
synthesis;
diagenesis;
Mars;
hydrothermal;
concretions;
thermal emission spectroscopy;
X-ray diffraction;
Mössbauer spectroscopy;
scanning electron microscopy;
transmission electron microscopy
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Hydrothermal synthesis of hematite spherules and jarosite: Implications for diagenesis and hematite spherule formation in sulfate outcrops at Meridiani Planum, Mars
- Concentric slow cooling of a low-P–high-T terrane: Evidence from 1600–1300 Ma mica dates in the 1780–1700 Ma Black Hills Orogen, South Dakota, U.S.A.
- Monazite ages from carbonatites and high-grade assemblages along the Kambam Fault (Southern Granulite Terrane, South India)
- Forward modeling of the effects of mixed volatile reaction, volume diffusion, and formation of submicroscopic exsolution lamellae on calcite-dolomite thermometry
- A low-temperature phase diagram for ilmenite-rich compositions in the system Fe2O3-FeTiO3
- Dehydrogenation of kaersutitic amphibole under electron beam excitation recorded by changes in Fe3+/ΣFe: An EMP and SIMS study
- Protonation in germanium equivalents of ringwoodite, anhydrous phase B, and superhydrous phase B
- Andreyivanovite: A second new phosphide from the Kaidun meteorite
- The crystal chemistry of whitlockite and merrillite and the dehydrogenation of whitlockite to merrillite
- Single-crystal elastic properties of (Mg0.987,Fe0.013)O to 9 GPa
- Stoichiometry of synthetic ulvöspinel single crystals
- Thermal behavior and structural transformation in the chabazite-type zeolite willhendersonite, KCaAl3Si3O12·5H2O
- The kinetics and mechanisms of schwertmannite transformation to goethite and hematite under alkaline conditions
- Crystal chemistry of the mixed-layer sequence talc–talc-smectite–smectite from submarine hydrothermal vents
- Crystal chemical and structural characterization of fibrous tremolite from Susa Valley, Italy, with comments on potential harmful effects on human health
- Thermodynamic properties of CaTh(PO4)2 synthetic cheralite
- A computational study of order-disorder phenomena in Mg2TiO4 spinel (qandilite)
- Mineralogical characterization of silica sinters from the El Tatio geothermal field, Chile
- Influence of multi-electron excitation on EXAFS spectroscopy of trivalent rare-earth ions and elucidation of change in hydration number through the series
- Pressure-induced over-hydration and water ordering in gismondine: A synchrotron powder diffraction study
- 57Fe Mössbauer study of the oxidation state of iron in stilpnomelane from granite pegmatites in Poland
- Constraints on structural models of ferrihydrite as a nanocrystalline material
- Pb+ irradiation of synthetic zircon (ZrSiO4): Infrared spectroscopic investigation
- Equation of state and crystal structure of a new germanate post-titanite phase
- Synthetic hypersilicic Cl-bearing mica in the phlogopite-celadonite join: A multimethodical characterization of the missing link between di- and tri-octahedral micas at high pressures
- The effect of crystal-melt partitioning on the budgets of Cu, Au, and Ag
- Thermodynamics of dehydration in analcime: Absorption calorimetry and equilibrium observations
- Accommodation of the carbonate ion in fluorapatite synthesized at high pressure
- Unusual Al-Si ordering in calcic scapolite, Me79.6, with increasing temperature
- Letter. Identification of randomly interstratified illite/smectite with basal peak widths
