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Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 29. November 2024
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American Mineralogist
Aus der Zeitschrift American Mineralogist Band 109 Heft 12

This issue of New Mineral Names provides a summary of the newly described minerals from May to August 2024, including karlseifertite, vegrandisite, touretite, auropolybasite, cuprozheshengite, calcioveatchite, and jianmuite.

Recently Approved

This section features just a few of the 29 minerals approved by the IMA-CNMNC from May to August 2024; see Table 1 for the complete list and brief details of all 29 minerals (Bosi et al. 2024a, 2024b).

Table 1

New minerals approved by the IMA-CNMNC from May–August 2024a

Mineral Formula IMA # Space Group Type Locality Area Country New RN
Oboniobiteb Mg4Nb2O9 2023-118a P3c1 Bayan Obo China yes
Parisite-(Nd) CaNd2(CO3)3F2 2024-013 Cc Bayan Obo China no
Scandio-fluoro-eckermanniteb NaNa2(Mg4Sc)(Si8O22)F2 2024-002 C2/m Bayan Obo China no
Juxingite Bi6Cu140Fe30S125 2024-011 F43m Jiama deposit China yes
Ohtaniiteb Mg3(Si0.5□0.5)Si2O8 2024-012 Imma Suizhou meteorite China yes
Berndlehmannite Cu(CrV)S4 2024-005 Fd3m Zhongcun deposit China yes
Annivite-(Zn) Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Bi4S13 2023-124 I43m Eliáš Mine Czech Rep. yes
Markwelchiteb TlPbSbS3 2024-001 P21/c Jas Roux deposit France yes
Steiningerite Ba2Zr2(Si4O12)O2 2024-016 P4/mbm Löhley basalt quarry Germany yes
Krügerite BaCa6(SiO4)2[(P0.5S0.5)O4]2F 2023-121 R3m Hartrurim Complex Israel yes
Manganonewberyite Mn(PO3OH)(H2O)3 2024-004 Pbca Cassagna Mine Italy no
Dacostaite K(Mg2Al)[Mg(H2O)6]2(AsO4)2F6·2H2O 2024-015 C2/m Cetine de Cotorniano Mine Italy yes
Nannoniite Al2(OH)5F 2024-010 P21/n Cetine de Cotorniano Mine Italy yes
Miyawakiite-(Y) □Y4Fe2(Si8O20)(CO3)4(H2O)3 2024-003 I4/mcm Suishoyama Japan yes
Calciopharmacoaluminite Ca0.5Al4(AsO4)3(OH)4·5H2O 2021-085 P43m Obdilya mine Kyrgyzstan no
Touretite LiAl4Be4(B11Be)O28 2023-003a P43m Ambalabe pegmatite Madagascar yes
Ertlite NaAl3Al6(Si4B2O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O 2023-086 R3m Sahatany Valley Madagascar yes
Karlseifertite Pb(Ga2Ge)(AsO4)2(OH)6 2024-007 R3m Tsumeb Mine Namibia yes
Argentotennantite-(Fe) Ag6(Cu4Fe2)As4S13 2023-126 I43m San Genaro Mine Peru no
Tarutinoite Ag3Pb7Bi7S19 2023-122 C2/m Tarutinskoe deposit Russia yes
Chromviskontite Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6 2024-019 Pmn21 Tolbachik Volcano Russia no
Vegrandisite BaCl2 2023-045a Pnma Biely Vrch deposit Slovakia yes
Modraite Ca19Fe2+Al4(Al6 Fe22+ )(□4)□(SiO4)10(Si2O7)4(OH)10 2023-108a P4/nnc Little Carpathian Mountains Slovakia yes
Auropolybasite [Ag9AuS4][Ag6Sb2S7] 2024-006 P321 Šibenicný vrch deposit Slovakia no
Chinleite-(Ce) NaCe(SO4)2(H2O) 2024-009 P3221 Blue Streak Mine U.S.A. no
Hoperanchite (NH4)2(S2O3) 2024-017 C2/m Hope Ranch U.S.A. yes
Cabreriteb NiMg2(AsO4)2·8H2O 2023-123 C2/m Nickel Mine U.S.A. yes
Domitrovicite Zn(C2H3O3)2·2H2O 2023-125 P21/c Pusch Ridge U.S.A. yes
Rasmussenite Ca(C2H3O3)2·3H2O 2024-018 P1 Pusch Ridge U.S.A. yes

  1. Notes: The type locality names have been simplified for readability and are organized by country of origin. The “New RN” column conveys which mineral names introduce a new root name.

  2. a The data contained within this chart were derived from Newsletters 79 and 80 (Bosi et al. 2024a, 2024b), individual references for each mineral can be found within.

  3. b Published or in press (as of September 2024).

Karlseifertite, Pb(Ga2Ge)(AsO4)2(OH)6

Karlseifertite (IMA 2024-007) is a new alunite supergroup mineral from the Tsumeb mine, Namibia with the ideal formula Pb(Ga2Ge) (AsO4)2(OH)6. Karlseifertite currently represents a unique combination of elements and is the only mineral with essential Pb, Ge, and As. The new mineral is chemically and structurally related to gallobeudantite, PbGa3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6, another alunite supergroup member that was also first discovered at the Tsumeb mine. The Tsumeb mine is notably diverse in Ge, Ga, and As minerals. According to www.mindat.org, Tsumeb is the type locality for 6 of the 7 Ga minerals, 15 of the 22 Ge minerals, and 46 of the 111 As species reported from there. Tsumeb is an unusual site in that Ge forms a primary sulfide phase, germanite (Cu13Fe2Ge2S16), first discovered at the Tsumeb mine and published in 1922 (Pufahl 1922). Although Ga is about as abundant as Y or Nb in Earth’s crust (Fleischer 1953), it only rarely forms distinct minerals and is typically found in low concentrations in sulfide minerals such as sphalerite. Gallite is the most widespread Ga mineral, with a total of nine reported localities, according to www.mindat.org. Of the remaining Ga minerals, five are reported from one locality (four of these being from Tsumeb). In contrast, zincobriartite, the second most widespread Ga mineral, is reported from only three localities. Of the eight valid minerals with essential Ga, only richardsite and zincobriartite were not first discovered at Tsumeb. Note that zincobriartite, but not richardsite, has since been located at Tsumeb. Due to the very uncommon elemental enrichment required to form karlseifertite, this mineral is expected to be extremely rare worldwide and may be endemic to Tsumeb. Karlseifertite is trigonal, R3m with a = 7.2814(7), c = 17.108(1) Å. Two type specimens are stored in the collections of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County with catalog numbers 76334 and 76335.

Vegrandisite, BaCl2

Vegrandisite (IMA 2023-045a), ideally BaCl2, is a new mineral discovered at the Biely Vrch deposit in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia. The new mineral has long been known among chemists as a simple Ba salt. Vegrandisite would be expected to be scarce in natural systems due to its high solubility (BaCl2 has a solubility of ca. 31.2 g/ 100 mL H2O, whereas NaCl has a solubility of ca. 36 g/100 mL). Furthermore, systems with highly soluble salts (e.g., evaporite basins) are also commonly enriched in sulfate. In the presence of sulfate, Ba is typically immobilized as the highly insoluble mineral baryte. Although vegrandisite was only recently described, BaCl2 daughter crystals in fluid inclusions have been known for decades (e.g., Huichu et al. 1991). Vegrandisite was discovered in a quartz vein at the Biely Vrch porphyry gold deposit in Slovakia. Biely Vrch is an unusual site in that it represents an essentially end-member Au porphyry system exhibiting no Cu, Mo, or sulfide mineralization. Koděra et al. (2014) collected fluid inclusion data and interpreted that the porphyry mineralization resulted from a magmatic Fe-K-Na-Cl salt vapor with ca. 10 ppm Au. The anhydrous nature of the ore mineralization facilitated the formation of soluble and/or hygroscopic minerals such as vegrandisite, as well as javorieite (KFeCl3), another species recently discovered at the Biely Vrch deposit. Vegrandisite is orthorhombic, Pnma, with cell parameters a = 7.80(3), b = 4.71(2), c = 9.60(9) Å. One type specimen is deposited in the collections of the Mineralogical Museum at Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia.

Touretite, LiAl4Be4(B11Be)O28

Touretite (IMA 2023-003a), ideally LiAl4Be4(B11Be)O28, is the new Li analogue of londonite (Cs-dominant) and rhodizite (K-dominant) from the Ambalabe pegmatite in the Betafo district of central Madagascar. Touretite is the first mineral with essential Li, Be, and B. Like other members of the londonite-rhodizite series, touretite is isometric with P43m symmetry and a = 7.3120(1) Å. Bearing a third member, the minerals should be considered to form the “rhodizite group.” Interestingly, early analyses made on londonite-rhodizite samples gave high Li and even suggested Li was species-defining (Pekov et al. 2010 in discussion of Lacroix 1910 and Duparc et al. 1911). Compared to londonite, with a = 7.3098(2) Å, and rhodizite, with a = 7.318(1) Å, the cell of touretite is closer to that of rhodizite (Pring et al. 1986; Gatta et al. 2010), suggesting a unique interplay on the substitution of small and large cations. Madagascar so far hosts the only known localities that produced large gem-quality crystals of londonite-rhodizite (Laurs et al. 2002; Pezzotta 2008), all specimens having been recovered from a shallow and narrow (10–60 cm) but long (400 m) pegmatite dike (Demartin et al. 2001). One type specimen is stored in the collections of the Loboratoire de Minéralogie at the University of Liege in Belgium with catalog number M39042.

Auropolybasite, [Ag9AuS4][Ag6Sb2S7]

Auropolybasite ([Ag9AuS4][Ag6Sb2S7]; IMA2024-006) is a new pearceite-polybasite group mineral described from the Šibeničný vrch deposit in the Banská Bystrica Region, Slovakia. Auropolybasite is trigonal, P3221 and a = 15.1091(5) and c = 12.1518(5) Å. Auropolybasite is the Au analogue of polybasite ([Ag9CuS4][Ag6Sb2S7]) and argentopolybasite ([Ag9AgS4][Ag6Sb2S7]). The new mineral is the first member of the pearceite-polybasite group with essential Au. The essential elements in auropolybasite are also shared by criddleite and thunderbayite, although both of these minerals also contain essential Tl. The pearceite-polybasite group consists of a series of Ag(-Cu) chalcogenide minerals with layered structures comprising two distinct layer modules. The nomenclature of the pearceite-polybasite group was revised by Bindi et al. (2007), wherein the names “antimonpearceite” (now a synonym of polybasite-Tac) and “arsenpolybasite” (now a synonym of pearceite-T2ac) were discarded on the basis that pearceite and polybasite be redefined based on chemical—rather than structural—differences. Pearceite was defined as having essential As in the A module, whereas polybasite has essential Sb at this site. The new minerals cupropearceite (IMA2007-046) and cupropolybasite (IMA2008-004) were approved shortly after the nomenclature revision by Bindi et al. (2007). With the recent approvals of auropolybasite, argentopearceite (IMA2020-009), and argentopolybasite (IMA2021-119), there are a total nine pearceite-polybasite group minerals. The auropolybasite holotype specimen (catalog number P1P 61/2021) is deposited in the collection of the Department of Mineralogy and Petrology of the National Museum in Prague, Czech Republic.

Recently Published

This section includes several recently approved minerals that have been published (or entered press) since May 2024.

Cuprozheshengite, Pb4CuZn2(AsO4)2(PO4)2(OH)2

Cuprozheshengite (IMA2021-095a) is a new dongchuanite group mineral co-described from the Laochang ore field and Dongchuan mine in Yunnan, China (Sun et al. 2024). The dongchuanite group is a new group of triclinic Pb-Zn(-Cu) phosphate(-arsenate) minerals comprising dongchuanite [Pb4ZnZn2(PO4)4(OH)2], cuprodongchuanite [Pb4CuZn2(PO4)4(OH)2], zheshengite [Pb4ZnZn2(AsO4)2(PO4)2(OH)2], and cuprozheshengite [Pb4CuZn2(AsO4)2(PO4)2(OH)2]. All four minerals occur at the Dongchuan copper mine in Yunnan, China, in association with veszelyite [Cu2Zn(PO4)(OH)3·2H2O] and hemimorphite. On the holotype specimen of cuprozheshengite, the new mineral is associated with veszelyite and galena. The new mineral arsenoveszelyite [Cu2Zn(PO4)(OH)3·2H2O; IMA2021-076a] also occurs in this assemblage. These minerals occur in stratiform sediment-hosted copper deposits hosted within Mesoproterozoic rocks of the Dongchuan group and Doushantuo formation (Sun et al. 2024). Cuprozheshengite is triclinic, P1 with cell parameters a = 4.7977(8), b = 8.5789(8), c = 10.3855(9) Å, α = 97.270(8)°, β = 101.902(12)°, γ = 91.495(11)°. Compared to zheshengite [a = 4.7727(4), b = 8.4864(6), c = 10.4053(7) Å, α = 97.083(6), β = 101.002(7), γ = 93.072(6)°], cuprozheshengite has a marginally larger cell that differs most notably in the b dimension and γ interaxial angle. A holotype specimen is deposited in the collections of the Geological Museum of China in Xisi, Beijing, China (catalog number M16127). Two co-type specimens are deposited in the collections of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, California, U.S.A., with catalog numbers 76191 and 76192, and an additional co-type specimen is deposited with the Crystal Structure Laboratory at the China University of Geosciences in Beijing, China (catalog number DC4).

Calcioveatchite, SrCaB11O16(OH)5·H2O

Calcioveatchite (IMA2020-011), ideally SrCaB11O16(OH)5·H2O, is a new Ca-Sr ordered analogue of veatchite [Sr2B11O16(OH)5·H2O] discovered at the Nepskoe potassium salt deposit in Irkutsk oblast, Russia (Pekov et al. 2024). A Ca-Sr ordered analogue of veatchite was first noted at the Nepskoe deposit by Rastsvetaeva et al. (1993), although the phase was not submitted to the IMA-CNMNC for consideration as a distinct mineral species. Interestingly, veatchite was first described from the Lang Mine in California by Switzer (1938) as a purely Ca borate mineral, as Switzer had mistaken the Sr for Ca; this was later corrected by Switzer and Brannock (1950). Veatchite has several polytypes: veatchite-1M, -2M, and -A. The holotype specimen of calcioveatchite is reported to be the 1M polytype of the new mineral. Both veatchite and calcioveatchite are monoclinic, P21. Despite the presence of cation ordering in calcioveatchite-1M, both veatchite-1M [a = 6.7127(4), b = 20.704(1), c = 6.6272(4) Å, β = 119.209(1)°] and calcioveatchite-1M [a = 6.7030(3), b = 20.6438(9), c = 6.6056(3) Å, β = 119.153(7)°] have nearly identical cell parameters. A holotype specimen is deposited in the collections of the Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Moscow, Russia (catalog number 97013).

Jianmuite, ZrTi4+Ti53+Al3O16

The new mineral jianmuite (IMA2023-057), ideally ZrTi4+Ti53+Al3O16 , was described from co-type samples from the Allende meteorite as well as the Cr-11 orebody at the Kangjinla Cr deposit in Tibet, China, and recently published in Borriello et al. (2025). Jianmuite is the 6th new mineral from the Cr-11 orebody and the 20th new mineral described or co-described from the Allende meteorite. The chemistry of jianmuite is similar to that of carmeltazite (ZrAl2Ti4O11), although jianmuite is reported to have a novel structure type (Borriello et al. 2025). Jianmuite is unusual in that it has mixed Ti valence and a dominant Ti3+ composition—the only other valid minerals with essential mixed-valence Ti are kaitianite ( Ti23+ Ti4+O5) and magnéliite ( Ti23+Ti24+ O7). Trivalent Ti is extremely rare on Earth, and very few minerals have species-defining Ti3+. Two terrestrial localities have been prolific sites for reduced Ti mineral assemblages: Mt. Carmel (Israel; e.g., magnéliite and sassite) and the Kangjinla Cr deposit (China; e.g., jianmuite). Jianmuite is also unusual in that it was co-described with both terrestrial and extraterrestrial samples. This has occurred for grossite, keplerite, and nazarovite. Notably, these three minerals were co-described with terrestrial analogues from the Hartrurim basin in Israel, which is another famous locality for unusually reduced and mineralogically diverse assemblages. A holotype specimen is stored in the collections of the Geological Museum of China in Beijing, China, with catalog number GMCTM2023005. A co-type specimen is stored in the collections of the National Museum of Natural History of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., U.S.A., with the catalog number USNM 3510-5.

* All minerals have been approved by the IMA CNMMC. For a complete listing of all IMA-validated unnamed minerals and their codes, see http://cnmnc.units.it/ (click “IMA list of minerals”).

References cited

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Published Online: 2024-11-29
Published in Print: 2024-12-15

© 2024 by Mineralogical Society of America

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Fluids in the shallow mantle of southeastern Australia: Insights from phase equilibria
  2. Compositional effects on the etching of fossil confined fission tracks in apatite
  3. Evaluation of the Rietveld method for determining content and chemical composition of inorganic X-ray amorphous materials in soils
  4. High-pressure phase transition of olivine-type Mg2GeO4 to a metastable forsterite-III type structure and their equations of state
  5. The application of “transfer learning” in optical microscopy: The petrographic classification of opaque minerals
  6. Mechanisms of fluid degassing in shallow magma chambers control the formation of porphyry deposits
  7. The OH-stretching region in infrared spectra of the apatite OH-Cl binary system
  8. Thermal equation of state of Li-rich schorl up to 15.5 GPa and 673 K: Implications for lithium and boron transport in slab subduction
  9. Raman scattering of omphacite at high pressure: Toward its possible application to elastic geothermobarometry
  10. Interpreting mineral deposit genesis classification with decision maps: A case study using pyrite trace elements
  11. Geochemical characteristics of mineral inclusions in the Luobusa chromitite (Southern Tibet): Implications for an intricate geological setting
  12. Three new iron-phosphate minerals from the El Ali iron meteorite, Somalia: Elaliite Fe82+ Fe3+(PO4)O8, elkinstantonite Fe4(PO4)2O, and olsenite KFe4(PO4)3
  13. Intervalence charge transfer in aluminum oxide and aluminosilicate minerals at elevated temperatures
  14. Electron probe microanalysis of trace sulfur in experimental basaltic glasses and silicate minerals
  15. New Mineral Names
  16. Book Review
  17. Book Review: Celebrating the International Year of Mineralogy: Progress and Landmark Discoveries of the Last Decades
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2024-NMN1091216

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Fluids in the shallow mantle of southeastern Australia: Insights from phase equilibria
  2. Compositional effects on the etching of fossil confined fission tracks in apatite
  3. Evaluation of the Rietveld method for determining content and chemical composition of inorganic X-ray amorphous materials in soils
  4. High-pressure phase transition of olivine-type Mg2GeO4 to a metastable forsterite-III type structure and their equations of state
  5. The application of “transfer learning” in optical microscopy: The petrographic classification of opaque minerals
  6. Mechanisms of fluid degassing in shallow magma chambers control the formation of porphyry deposits
  7. The OH-stretching region in infrared spectra of the apatite OH-Cl binary system
  8. Thermal equation of state of Li-rich schorl up to 15.5 GPa and 673 K: Implications for lithium and boron transport in slab subduction
  9. Raman scattering of omphacite at high pressure: Toward its possible application to elastic geothermobarometry
  10. Interpreting mineral deposit genesis classification with decision maps: A case study using pyrite trace elements
  11. Geochemical characteristics of mineral inclusions in the Luobusa chromitite (Southern Tibet): Implications for an intricate geological setting
  12. Three new iron-phosphate minerals from the El Ali iron meteorite, Somalia: Elaliite Fe82+ Fe3+(PO4)O8, elkinstantonite Fe4(PO4)2O, and olsenite KFe4(PO4)3
  13. Intervalence charge transfer in aluminum oxide and aluminosilicate minerals at elevated temperatures
  14. Electron probe microanalysis of trace sulfur in experimental basaltic glasses and silicate minerals
  15. New Mineral Names
  16. Book Review
  17. Book Review: Celebrating the International Year of Mineralogy: Progress and Landmark Discoveries of the Last Decades
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