Home Microstructural changes and Pb mobility during the zircon to reidite transformation: Implications for planetary impact chronology
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Microstructural changes and Pb mobility during the zircon to reidite transformation: Implications for planetary impact chronology

  • Ian Szumila , Dustin Trail , Timmons Erickson , Justin I. Simon , Matthew M. Wielicki , Tom Lapen , Miki Nakajima , Marc Fries and Elizabeth A. Bell
Published/Copyright: July 27, 2023
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill
Author Information
American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 108 Issue 8

Abstract

Impact events modify and leave behind a complex history of rock metamorphism on terrestrial planets. Evidence for an impact event may be recorded in physical changes to minerals, such as mineral deformation and formation of high P-T polymorphs, but also in the form of chemical fingerprints, such as enhanced elemental diffusion and isotopic mixing. Here we explore laboratory shock-induced physical and chemical changes to zircon and feldspar, the former of which is of interest because its trace elements abundances and isotope ratios are used extensively in geochemistry and geochronology. To this end, a granular mixture of Bishop Tuff sanidine and Kuehl Lake zircon, both with well characterized Pb isotope compositions, was prepared and then shocked via a flat plate accelerator. The peak pressure of the experiment, as calculated by the impedance matching method, was ~24 GPa although a broader range of P-T conditions is anticipated due to starting sample porosity. Unshocked and shocked materials were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and Raman spectroscopy. These methods show that the starting zircon material had abundant metamict regions, and the conversion of the feldspar to glass in the post-shock material. Analyses of the shocked product also yielded multiple occurrences of the high-pressure ZrSiO4 polymorph reidite, with some domains up to 300 μm across. The possibility of U-Pb system disturbance was evaluated via laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The isotopic data reveal that disturbance of the U-Pb geochronometer in the reidite was minimal (<2% for the main U-Pb geochronometers). To better constrain the P-T conditions during the shock experiment, we complement impedance matching pressure calculations with iSALE2D impact simulations. The simulated results yield a range of P-T conditions experienced during the experiment and show that much of the sample may have reached >30 GPa, which is consistent with formation of reidite. In the recovered shocked material, we identified lamellae of reidite, some of which interlock with zircon lamellae. Reidite {112} twins were identified, which we interpret to have formed to reduce stress between the crystal structure of the host zircon and reidite. These two findings support the interpretation that shear transformation enabled the transition of zircon to reidite. The size and presence of reidite found here indicate that this phase is probably common in impact-shocked crustal rocks that experienced ~25 to ~35 GPa, especially when the target material has porosity. Additionally, shock loading of the zircon and transformation to reidite at these pressures in porous materials is unlikely to significantly disturb the U-Pb system in zircon and that the reidite inherits the primary U and Pb elemental and isotopic ratios from the zircon.

Keywords: Impact; flat-plate shock experiments; zircon; reidite; sanidine; U-Pb dating

Funding statement: This project was partially supported by the Earth’s First Origins NASA grant 80NSSC19M0069, 80NSSC22K0107, and NASA Planetary Science funding, NASA Solar System Workings grant 80NSSC20K1039, and by NSF EAR-2102143. The ion microprobe laboratory at UCLA is partially funded by a grant from NSFEAR’s Instrumentation and Facilities Program (1734856).

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Jacobs, the JETS contract, NASA ARES, University of Houston and University of Alabama. Many thanks are due to Roland Montes and Frank Cardenas for assistance with the mechanics and gunning of the shot and Mark Cintala for input on gunning the shot. This project benefitted from fruitful discussions with Fred Hörz. Thanks are due to Zia Rahman for FIB liftout of material for transmission-Kikuchi-diffraction EBSD at NASA JSC. The assistance of Loan Le with spot Raman analyses was beneficial. The assistance of Minako Righter with LA-ICP-MS at the University of Houston was valuable. Grain sorting and grain mounting was done by Martha Miller at the University of Rochester and this project greatly benefitted from these efforts. We appreciate Rich Martens sample preparation assistance at the University of Alabama. Thanks for laboratory assistance are due to Nicole Haney, Rick Roland, Kathleen Vander Kaaden at Johnson Space Center, and Wriju Chowdhury at the University of Rochester. We are grateful to Jay Thomas for assistance with additional Raman analyses during revisions at Syracuse University. For the impact simulations using the iSALE2D software, we gratefully acknowledge the developers of iSALE-2D, including Gareth Collins, Kai Wünnemann, Dirk Elbeshausen, Tom Davison, Boris Ivanov, and Jay Melosh.

References cited

Akaogi, M., Hashimoto, S., and Kojitani, H. (2018) Thermodynamic properties of ZrSiO4 zircon and reidite and of cotunnite-type ZrO2 with application to high-pressure high-temperature phase relations in ZrSiO4. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 281, 1–7, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2018.05.001Search in Google Scholar

Amsden, A., Ruppel, H., and Hirt, C. (1980) SALE: A simplified ALE computer program for fluid flow at all speeds. Los Alamos National Laboratories Report, LA-8095, 101 p., https://doi.org/10.2172/5176006Search in Google Scholar

Bellucci, J., Whitehouse, M., Nemchin, A., Snape, J., Pidgeon, R., Grange, M., Reddy, S.M., and Timms, N. (2016) A scanning ion imaging investigation into the micron-scale U-Pb systematics in a complex lunar zircon. Chemical Geology, 438, 112–122, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.05.022Search in Google Scholar

Cavosie, A.J., Erickson, T.M., and Timms, N.E. (2015a) Nanoscale records of ancient shock deformation: Reidite (ZrSiO4) in sandstone at the Ordovician Rock Elm impact crater. Geology, 43, 315–318, https://doi.org/10.1130/G36489.1Search in Google Scholar

Cavosie, A.J., Erickson, T.M., Timms, N.E., Reddy, S.M., Talavera, C., Montalvo, S.D., Pincus, M.R., Gibbon, R.J., and Moser, D. (2015b) A terrestrial perspective on using ex situ shocked zircons to date lunar impacts. Geology, 43, 999–1002, https://doi.org/10.1130/G37059.1Search in Google Scholar

Cavosie, A.J., Biren, M.B., Hodges, K.V., Wartho, J., Horton, J.W. Jr., and Koeberl, C. (2021) Dendritic reidite from the Chesapeake Bay impact horizon, Ocean Drilling Program Site 1073 (offshore northeastern U.S.A.): A fingerprint of distal ejecta? Geology, 49, 201–205, https://doi.org/10.1130/G47860.1Search in Google Scholar

Chen, M., Yin, F., Li, X., Xie, X., Xiao, W., and Tan, D. (2013) Natural occurrence of reidite in the Xiuyan crater of China. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 48, 796–805, https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.12106Search in Google Scholar

Cox, M.A., Cavosie, A.J., Bland, P.A., Miljković, K., and Wingate, M.T. (2018) Microstructural dynamics of central uplifts: Reidite offset by zircon twins at the Woodleigh impact structure, Australia. Geology, 46, 983–986, https://doi.org/10.1130/G45127.1Search in Google Scholar

Crow, C.A., Mckeegan, K.D., and Moser, D.E. (2017) Coordinated U-Pb geochronology, trace element, Ti-in-zircon thermometry and microstructural analysis of Apollo zircons. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 202, 264–284, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.12.019Search in Google Scholar

Crowley, J.L., Schoene, B., and Bowring, S.A. (2007) U-Pb dating of zircon in the Bishop Tuff at the millennial scale. Geology, 35, 1123–1126, https://doi.org/10.1130/G24017A.1Search in Google Scholar

Deutsch, A. and Schärer, U. (1990) Isotope systematics and shock-wave metamorphism: I. U-Pb in zircon, titanite and monazite, shocked experimentally up to 59 GPa. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 54, 3427–3434, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(90)90295-VSearch in Google Scholar

Erickson, T.M., Cavosie, A.J., Moser, D.E., Barker, I.R., and Radovan, H.A. (2013) Correlating planar microstructures in shocked zircon from the Vredefort Dome at multiple scales: Crystallographic modeling, external and internal imaging, and EBSD structural analysis. American Mineralogist, 98, 53–65, https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2013.4165Search in Google Scholar

Erickson, T.M., Pearce, M.A., Reddy, S.M., Timms, N.E., Cavosie, A.J., Bourdet, J., Rickard, W.D.A., and Nemchin, A.A. (2017) Microstructural constraints on the mechanisms of the transformation to reidite in naturally shocked zircon. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 172, 6, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-016-1322-0Search in Google Scholar

French, B.M. and Koeberl, C. (2010) The convincing identification of terrestrial meteorite impact structures: What works, what doesn’t, and why. Earth-Science Reviews, 98 (1–2), 123–170.Search in Google Scholar

Gibbons, R.V. (1974) Experimental effects of shock pressure on materials of geological and geophysical interest, Ph.D. thesis. California Institute of Technology.Search in Google Scholar

Gibbons, R.V. and Ahrens, T.J. (1971) Shock metamorphism of silicate glasses. Journal of Geophysical Research, 76, 5489–5498, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB076i023p05489Search in Google Scholar

Glass, B. and Liu, S. (2001) Discovery of high-pressure ZrSiO4 polymorph in naturally occurring shock-metamorphosed zircons. Geology, 29(4), 371.Search in Google Scholar

Glass, B.P., Liu, S., and Leavens, P.B. (2002) Reidite: An impact-produced high-pressure polymorph of zircon found in marine sediments. American Mineralogist, 87, 562–565, https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2002-0420Search in Google Scholar

Gleason, G., Sunny, S., Sadeh, S., Yu, H., and Malik, A. (2020) Eulerian modeling of plasma-pressure driven laser impact weld processes. Procedia Manufacturing, 48, 204–214, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.05.039Search in Google Scholar

Gucsik, A. (2007) Micro-Raman spectroscopy of reidite as an impact-induced high pressure polymorph of zircon: Experimental investigation and attempt to application. Acta Mineralogica Petrographica, 47, 17–24.Search in Google Scholar

Gucsik, A., Koeberl, C., Brandstätter, F., Reimold, W.U., and Libowitzky, E. (2002) Cathodoluminescence, electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy of experimentally shock-metamorphosed zircon. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 202, 495–509, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00754-9Search in Google Scholar

Gucsik, A., Koeberl, C., Brandstätter, F., Libowitzky, E., and Reimold, W. U. (2004a) Cathodoluminescence, electron microscopy, and Raman Spectroscopy of experimentally shock metamorphosed zircon crystals and naturally shocked zircon from the Ries Impact Crater. Cratering in Marine Environments and on Ice Impact Studies, 281–322.Search in Google Scholar

Gucsik, A., Zhang, M., Koeberl, C., Salje, E.K., Redfern, S.A., and Pruneda, J.M. (2004b) Infrared and Raman spectra of ZrSiO4 experimentally shocked at high pressures. Mineralogical Magazine, 68, 801–811, https://doi.org/10.1180/0026461046850220Search in Google Scholar

Hapke, B. and Sato, H. (2016) The porosity of the upper lunar regolith. Icarus, 273, 75–83, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.10.031Search in Google Scholar

Hopkins, M.D. and Mojzsis, S.J. (2015) A protracted timeline for lunar bombardment from mineral chemistry, Ti thermometry and U-Pb geochronology of Apollo 14 melt breccia zircons. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 169, 30, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-015-1123-xSearch in Google Scholar

Knittle, E. and Williams, Q. (1993) High-pressure Raman spectroscopy of ZrSiO4 Observation of the zircon to scheelite transition at 300 K. American Mineralogist, 78, 245–252.Search in Google Scholar

Krogh, T.E., Kamo, S.L., Sharpton, V.L., Marin, L.E., and Hildebrands, A.R. (1993) U-Pb ages of single shocked zircons linking distal K/T ejecta to the Chicxulub crater. Nature, 366, 731–734, https://doi.org/10.1038/366731a0Search in Google Scholar

Kusaba, K., Syono, Y., Kikuchi, M., and Fukuoka, K. (1985) Shock behavior of zircon: Phase transition to scheelite structure and decomposition. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 72, 433–439, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(85)90064-0Search in Google Scholar

Kusaba, K., Yagi, T., Kikuchi, M., and Syono, Y. (1986) Structural considerations on the mechanism of the shock-induced zircon-scheelite transition in ZrSiO4. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 47, 675–679, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3697(86)90082-XSearch in Google Scholar

Leroux, H., Reimold, W., Koeberl, C., Hornemann, U., and Doukhan, J. (1999) Experimental shock deformation in zircon: A transmission electron microscopic study. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 169, 291–301, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00082-5Search in Google Scholar

Liu, L.-G. (1979) High-pressure phase transformations in baddeleyite and zircon, with geophysical implications. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 44, 390–396, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(79)90078-5Search in Google Scholar

Ludwig, K.R. (2003) Isoplot 3.00: A geochronological toolkit for Microsoft Excel. Berkeley Geochronology Center Special Publication.Search in Google Scholar

Mark, D.F., Renne, P.R., Dymock, R.C., Smith, V.C., Simon, J.I., Morgan, L.E., Staff, R.A., Ellis, B.S., and Pearce, N.J. (2017) High-precision 40Ar/39Ar dating of pleistocene tuffs and temporal anchoring of the Matuyama-Brunhes boundary. Quaternary Geochronology, 39, 1–23, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2017.01.002Search in Google Scholar

Marqués, M., Contreras-García, J., Flórez, M., and Recio, J. (2008) On the mechanism of the zircon-reidite pressure induced transformation. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 69, 2277–2280, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2008.04.016Search in Google Scholar

Mernagh, T.P. (1991) Use of the laser Raman microprobe for discrimination amongst feldspar minerals. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy: JRS, 22, 453–457, https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250220806Search in Google Scholar

Moser, D.E. (1997) Dating the shock wave and thermal imprint of the giant Vredefort impact, South Africa. Geology, 25, 7, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0007:DTSWAT>2.3.CO;2Search in Google Scholar

Moser, D.E., Cupelli, C.L., Barker, I.R., Flowers, R.M., Bowman, J.R., Wooden, J., and Hart, J. (2011) New zircon shock phenomena and their use for dating and reconstruction of large impact structures revealed by electron nanobeam (EBSD, CL, EDS) and isotopic U-Pb and (U-Th)/He analysis of the Vredefort dome. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 48, 117–139, https://doi.org/10.1139/E11-011Search in Google Scholar

Moser, D.E., Arcuri, G.A., Reinhard, D.A., White, L.F., Darling, J.R., Barker, I.R., Larson, D.J., Irving, A.J., McCubbin, F.M., Tait, K.T., and others. (2019) Decline of giant impacts on Mars by 4.48 billion years ago and an early opportunity for habitability. Nature Geoscience, 12, 522–527, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0380-0Search in Google Scholar

Nemchin, A., Timms, N., Pidgeon, R., Geisler, T., Reddy, S., and Meyer, C. (2009) Timing of crystallization of the lunar magma ocean constrained by the oldest zircon. Nature Geoscience, 2, 133–136, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo417Search in Google Scholar

Ono, S., Funakoshi, K., Nakajima, Y., Tange, Y., and Katsura, T. (2004) Phase transition of zircon at high P-T conditions. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 147, 505–509, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-004-0570-6Search in Google Scholar

Ostertag, R. (1983) Shock experiments on feldspar crystals. Journal of Geophysical Research, 88 (S01), B364–B376, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB088iS01p0B364Search in Google Scholar

Pidgeon, R., Nemchin, A., van Bronswijk, W., Geisler, T., Meyer, C., Compston, W., and Williams, I. (2007) Complex history of a zircon aggregate from lunar breccia 73235. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 71, 1370–1381, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2006.11.021Search in Google Scholar

Rasmussen, C., Stockli, D.F., Ross, C.H., Pickersgill, A., Gulick, S.P., Schmieder, M., Christeson, G.L., Wittmann, A., Kring, D.A., and Morgan, J.V. (2019) U-Pb memory behavior in Chicxulub’s peak ring—Applying U-Pb depth profiling to shocked zircon. Chemical Geology, 525, 356–367, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.07.029Search in Google Scholar

Reid, A.F. and Ringwood, A.E. (1969) Newly observed high pressure transformations in Mn3O4, CaAl2O4, and ZrSiO4. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 6, 205–208, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(69)90091-0Search in Google Scholar

Reddy, S., Johnson, T., Fischer, S., Rickard, W., and Taylor, R. (2015) Precambrian reidite discovered in shocked zircon from the Stac Fada impactite, Scotland. Geology, 43, 899–902, https://doi.org/10.1130/G37066.1Search in Google Scholar

Reddy, S.M., van Riessen, A., Saxey, D.W., Johnson, T.E., Rickard, W.D., Fougerouse, D., Fischer, S., Prosa, T.J., Rice, K.P., Reinhard, D.A., and others. (2016) Mechanisms of deformation-induced trace element migration in zircon resolved by atom probe and correlative microscopy. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 195, 158–170, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.09.019Search in Google Scholar

Sañudo-Wilhelmy, S.A. and Flegal, A.R. (1994) Temporal variations in lead concentrations and isotopic composition in the Southern California Bight. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 58, 3315–3320, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(94)90060-4Search in Google Scholar

Schaal, R.B. and Hörz, F. (1977) Shock metamorphism of lunar and terrestrial basalts. Proceedings of the 8th Lunar Science Conference, 1697–1729.Search in Google Scholar

Schaal, R.B., Hörz, F., Thompson, T.D., and Bauer, J.F. (1979) Shock metamorphism of granulated lunar basalt. Proceedings of the 10th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 2547–2571.Search in Google Scholar

Sequeira, N., Mahato, S., Rahl, J.M., Sarkar, S., and Bhattacharya, A. (2020) The Anatomy and origin of a synconvergent Grenvillian-Age Metamorphic Core Complex, Chottanagpur Gneiss Complex, Eastern India. Lithosphere, 2020, 8833404, https://doi.org/10.2113/2020/8833404Search in Google Scholar

Simon, J.I., Reid, M.R., and Young, E.D. (2007) Lead isotopes by LA-MC-ICPMS: Tracking the emergence of mantle signatures in an evolving silicic magma system. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 71, 2014–2035, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2007.01.023Search in Google Scholar

Stangarone, C., Angel, R.J., Prencipe, M., Mihailova, B., and Alvaro, M. (2019) New insights into the zircon-reidite phase transition. American Mineralogist, 104, 830–837, https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2019-6827Search in Google Scholar

Thiessen, F., Nemchin, A.A., Snape, J.F., Bellucci, J.J., and Whitehouse, M.J. (2018) Apollo 12 breccia 12013: Impact-induced partial Pb loss in zircon and its implications for lunar geochronology. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 230, 94–111.Search in Google Scholar

Timms, N.E., Erickson, T.M., Pearce, M.A., Cavosie, A.J., Schmieder, M., Tohver, E., Reddy, S.M., Zanetti, M.R., Nemchin, A.A., and Wittmann, A. (2017a) A pressure-temperature phase diagram for zircon at extreme conditions. Earth-Science Reviews, 165, 185–202, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.12.008Search in Google Scholar

Trail, D., Barboni, M., and McKeegan, K.D. (2020) Evidence for diverse lunar melt compositions and mixing of the pre-3.9 Ga crust from zircon chemistry. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 284, 173–195, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2020.06.018Search in Google Scholar

van Westrenen, W., Frank, M.R., Hanchar, J.M., Fei, Y., Finch, R.J., and Zha, C. (2004) In situ determination of the compressibility of synthetic pure zircon (ZrSiO4) and the onset of the zircon-reidite phase transition. American Mineralogist, 89, 197–203, https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2004-0123Search in Google Scholar

Wiedenbeck, M., Allé, P., Corfu, F., Griffin, W.L., Meier, M., Oberli, F., Von Quadt, A., Roddick, J.C., and Spiegel, W. (1995) Three natural zircon standards for U-Th-Pb, Lu-Hf, trace element and REE analyses. Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, 19, 1–23, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-908X.1995.tb00147.xSearch in Google Scholar

Wiedenbeck, M., Hanchar, J.M., Peck, W.H., Sylvester, P., Valley, J., Whitehouse, M., Kronz, A., Morishita, Y., Nasdala, L., Fiebig, J., and others. (2004) Further characterisation of the 91500 zircon crystal. Geostandards Newsletter, 28, 9–39, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-908X.2004.tb01041.xSearch in Google Scholar

Wielicki, M.M. and Harrison, T.M. (2015) Zircon formation in impact melts: Complications for deciphering planetary impact histories. Geological Society of America. Special Paper, 518, 127–134, https://doi.org/10.1130/2015.2518(08)Search in Google Scholar

Wittmann, A., Kenkmann, T., Schmitt, R.T., and Stöffler, D. (2006) Shock-metamorphosed zircon in terrestrial impact craters. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 41, 433–454, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.2006.tb00472.xSearch in Google Scholar

Wittmann, A., Cavosie, A.J., Timms, N.E., Ferrière, L., Rae, A., Rasmussen, C., Ross, C., Stockli, D., Schmieder, M., Kring, D.A., and others. (2021) Shock impedance amplified impact deformation of zircon in granitic rocks from the Chicxulub impact crater. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 575, 117201, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117201Search in Google Scholar

Wünnemann, K., Collins, G., and Melosh, H. (2006) A strain-based porosity model for use in hydrocode simulations of impacts and implications for transient crater growth in porous targets. Icarus, 180, 514–527, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2005.10.013Search in Google Scholar

Xing, W., Lin, Y., Zhang, C., Zhang, M., Hu, S., Hofmann, B.A., Sekine, T., Xiao, L., and Gu, L. (2020) Discovery of Reidite in the Lunar Meteorite Sayh al Uhaymir 169. Geophysical Research Letters, 47, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL089583Search in Google Scholar

Zhang, M., Salje, E.K.H., Farnan, I., Graeme-Barber, A., Daniel, P., Ewing, R.C., Clark, A.M., and Leroux, H. (2000) Metamictization of zircon: Raman spectroscopic study. Journal of Physics Condensed Matter, 12, 1915–1925, https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/12/8/333Search in Google Scholar

Zhang, A.C., Taylor, L.A., Wang, R.C., Li, Q.L., Li, X.H., Patchen, A.D., and Liu, Y. (2012) Thermal history of Apollo 12 granite and KREEP-rich rock: Clues from Pb/Pb ages of zircon in lunar breccia 12013. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 95, 1–14.Search in Google Scholar
Received: 2022-05-19
Accepted: 2022-09-17
Published Online: 2023-07-27
Published in Print: 2023-08-28

© 2023 by Mineralogical Society of America

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Experimental study of apatite-fluid interaction and partitioning of rare earth elements at 150 and 250 °C
  2. Assimilation of xenocrystic apatite in peraluminous granitic magmas
  3. Cathodoluminescence of iron oxides and oxyhydroxides
  4. The effect of elemental diffusion on the application of olivine-composition-based magmatic thermometry, oxybarometry, and hygrometry: A case study of olivine phenocrysts from the Jiagedaqi basalts, northeast China
  5. Characterization of nano-minerals and nanoparticles in supergene rare earth element mineralization related to chemical weathering of granites
  6. Atomic-scale interlayer friction of gibbsite is lower than brucite due to interactions of hydroxyls
  7. The spatial and temporal evolution of mineral discoveries and their impact on mineral rarity
  8. The role of parent lithology in nanoscale clay-mineral transformations in a subtropical monsoonal climate
  9. Discovery of terrestrial andreyivanovite, FeCrP, and the effect of Cr and V substitution on the low-pressure barringerite-allabogdanite transition
  10. Microstructural changes and Pb mobility during the zircon to reidite transformation: Implications for planetary impact chronology
  11. Thermal equation of state of ice-VII revisited by single-crystal X-ray diffraction
  12. Empirical electronic polarizabilities for use in refractive index measurements at 589.3 nm: Hydroxyl polarizabilities
  13. High-pressure behavior of 3.65 Å phase: Insights from Raman spectroscopy
  14. High-pressure phase transition and equation of state of hydrous Al-bearing silica
  15. Memorial of Maryellen Cameron (1943−2022)
  16. New Mineral Names
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2022-8604
Keywords for this article
Impact; flat-plate shock experiments; zircon; reidite; sanidine; U-Pb dating

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Experimental study of apatite-fluid interaction and partitioning of rare earth elements at 150 and 250 °C
  2. Assimilation of xenocrystic apatite in peraluminous granitic magmas
  3. Cathodoluminescence of iron oxides and oxyhydroxides
  4. The effect of elemental diffusion on the application of olivine-composition-based magmatic thermometry, oxybarometry, and hygrometry: A case study of olivine phenocrysts from the Jiagedaqi basalts, northeast China
  5. Characterization of nano-minerals and nanoparticles in supergene rare earth element mineralization related to chemical weathering of granites
  6. Atomic-scale interlayer friction of gibbsite is lower than brucite due to interactions of hydroxyls
  7. The spatial and temporal evolution of mineral discoveries and their impact on mineral rarity
  8. The role of parent lithology in nanoscale clay-mineral transformations in a subtropical monsoonal climate
  9. Discovery of terrestrial andreyivanovite, FeCrP, and the effect of Cr and V substitution on the low-pressure barringerite-allabogdanite transition
  10. Microstructural changes and Pb mobility during the zircon to reidite transformation: Implications for planetary impact chronology
  11. Thermal equation of state of ice-VII revisited by single-crystal X-ray diffraction
  12. Empirical electronic polarizabilities for use in refractive index measurements at 589.3 nm: Hydroxyl polarizabilities
  13. High-pressure behavior of 3.65 Å phase: Insights from Raman spectroscopy
  14. High-pressure phase transition and equation of state of hydrous Al-bearing silica
  15. Memorial of Maryellen Cameron (1943−2022)
  16. New Mineral Names
Sign up now to receive a 20% welcome discount
Institutional Access
How does access work?
Have an idea on how to improve our website?
Please write us.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Downloaded on 18.9.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.2138/am-2022-8604/html
Scroll to top button