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Ferropyrosmalite-bearing fluid inclusions in the North Patagonian Andes metasedimentary basement, Argentina: A record of regional metasomatism

  • Graciela Sosa , Sebastián Oriolo ORCID logo EMAIL logo , Alfons van den Kerkhof , Pablo Diego González , Ezequiel Olaizola and Florencia Bechis
Published/Copyright: July 3, 2021
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American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 106 Issue 7

Abstract

Quartz segregations in paragneisses from the Paleozoic basement of the North Patagonian Andes contain highly saline multiphase fluid inclusions with the rare daughter mineral ferropyrosmalite detected by Raman analysis, besides halite, sylvite, hematite, and/ or magnetite. During heating experiments, L-V homogenization occurs (256–515 °C), followed by halite dissolution (287–556 °C) and the dissolution of ferropyrosmalite at 550–581 °C. The latter phase transition triggers the growth of clinoamphibole crystals according to the following idealized reactions, written for potential end-members:

4Fe8Si6O15(OH)6Cl4+6Ca2+(aq)↔3Ca2Fe5Si8O22(OH)2+17Fe2+(aq)+16Cl−(aq)+12OH−+3H2 Ferropyrosmalite↔ Ferro-actinoliteFe8Si6O15(OH)6Cl4+2Ca2+(aq)+Fe3+(aq)+2Al3+(aq)+Na+(aq)+H2O↔NaCa2Fe42+Fe3+Al2Si6O22Cl2+4Fe2+(aq)+2Cl−(aq)+4H2Ferropyrosmalite ↔ Chloro-hastingsite 

The amphibole resembles the composition of ferro-actinolite but also has striking similarities with chloro-hastingsite, as indicated by Raman spectroscopy. During the heating experiment, hematite (when present) transforms to magnetite by the uptake of H2, whereas inclusions without Fe-oxides contain traces of H2 after the reaction. This mineral transformation shows that ferropyrosmalite might result from the retrograde re-equilibration of amphibole with the brine, implying the uptake of Fe2+, Cl–, and H2O and the enrichment of Ca2+ in the brine. Pervasive fluid flow and fluid-assisted diffusion are recorded by channel way microstructures, healed microfractures, and dissolution-reprecipitation phenomena, as demonstrated by cathodoluminescence microscopy. These alkali- and FeCl2-rich brines, derived from magmatic sources and of possible Mesozoic age, were related to regional metasomatism, coeval with widespread granitoid activity.

Keywords: Ferropyrosmalite; ferro-actinolite; chloro-hastingsite; fluid inclusions; Raman spectroscopy; fluid-assisted diffusion

Acknowledgments and Funding

The reviews and constructive comments made by P. Koděra (Comenius University Bratislava, Slovak Republic) and D. Jenkins (Binghamton University, New York, U.S.A.) are highly acknowledged. The authors also thank B. Schmidt for his assistance during Raman analysis. S. Oriolo acknowledges financial support of the National Geographic Society (grant CP-123R17) and Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (PICT-2017-1092).

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Received: 2020-03-26
Accepted: 2020-09-23
Published Online: 2021-07-03
Published in Print: 2021-07-27

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2021-7525
Keywords for this article
Ferropyrosmalite; ferro-actinolite; chloro-hastingsite; fluid inclusions; Raman spectroscopy; fluid-assisted diffusion

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Tourmaline composition and boron isotope signature as a tracer of magmatic-hydrothermal processes
  2. Deformation and strength of mantle relevant garnets: Implications for the subduction of basaltic-rich crust
  3. Ultra-reduced phases in ophiolites cannot come from Earth’s mantle
  4. Olivine from aillikites in the Tarim large igneous province as a window into mantle metasomatism and multi-stage magma evolution
  5. Precise determination of the effect of temperature on the density of solid and liquid iron, nickel, and tin
  6. Timescales of crystal mush mobilization in the Bárðarbunga-Veiðivötn volcanic system based on olivine diffusion chronometry
  7. Chemical reactions in the Fe2SiO4-D2 system with a variable deuterium content at 7.5 GPa
  8. High-pressure syntheses and crystal structure analyses of a new low-density CaFe2O4-related and CaTi2O4-type MgAl2O4 phases
  9. Phase diagram and thermal expansion of orthopyroxene-, clinopyroxene-, and ilmenite-structured MgGeO3
  10. Mass transfer associated with chloritization in the hydrothermal alteration process of granitic pluton
  11. Nonlinear effects of hydration on high-pressure sound velocities of rhyolitic glasses
  12. Crystal chemistry and high-temperature vibrational spectra of humite and norbergite: Fluorine and titanium in humite-group minerals
  13. Exomorphism of jacobsite precipitates in bixbyite single crystals from the Thomas Range in Utah
  14. Ferropyrosmalite-bearing fluid inclusions in the North Patagonian Andes metasedimentary basement, Argentina: A record of regional metasomatism
  15. Memorial of Alden Bliss Carpenter (1936–2019)
  16. New Mineral Names
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