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Olivine from aillikites in the Tarim large igneous province as a window into mantle metasomatism and multi-stage magma evolution

  • Changhong Wang , Zhaochong Zhang EMAIL logo , Qiuhong Xie , Zhiguo Cheng , Weiliang Kong , Bingxiang Liu , M. Santosh and Shengkai Jin
Published/Copyright: July 3, 2021
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American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 106 Issue 7

Abstract

Aillikites are carbonate-rich ultramafic lamprophyres, and although they are volumetrically minor components of large igneous province (LIP), these rocks provide important clues to melting and metasomatism in the deep mantle domain during the initial stages of LIPs. In this study, we investigate the Wajilitag “kimberlites” in the northwestern part of the Tarim LIP that we redefine as hypabyssal aillikites based on the following features: (1) micro-phenocrystic clinopyroxene and Ti-rich andradite garnet occurring in abundance in the carbonate-rich matrix; (2) Cr-spinel exhibiting typical Fe-Ti enrichment trend also known as titanomagnetite trend; and (3) olivine showing dominantly low Mg values (Fo < 90). To constrain the magma source and evolution, the major, minor, and trace element abundance in olivine grains from these rocks were analyzed using electron microprobe and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Olivine in the aillikites occurs as two textural types: (1) groundmass olivines, as sub-rounded grains in matrix, and (2) macrocrysts, as euhedral-anhedral crystals in nodules. The groundmass olivines show varying Mg (Fo89–80) with high-Ni (1606–3418 ppm) and Mn (1424–2860 ppm) and low-Ca (571–896 ppm) contents. In contrast, the macrocrysts exhibit a restricted Fo range but a wide range in Ni and Mn. The former occurs as phenocrysts, whereas the latter are cognate cumulates that formed from earlier, evolved aillikite melt. The two olivine populations can be further divided into sub-groups, indicating a multi-stage crystallization history of the aillikite melt. The crystallization temperatures of groundmass olivines and macrocrysts in dunite nodules as computed from the spinel-olivine thermometers are 1005–1136 and 906–1041 °C, respectively. The coupled enrichment of Ca and Ti and lack of correlation between Ni and Sc and Co in the olivine grains suggest a carbonate-silicate metasomatized mantle source. Moreover, the high 100·Mn/Fe (average 1.67) at high Ni (up to 3418 ppm), overlapping with OIB olivine, and the 100 ·Ni/Mg (~1) of primitive Mg-Ni-rich groundmass olivines suggest a mixed source that involved phlogopite- and carbonate-rich metasomatic veins within mantle peridotite.

Keywords: Trace elements; LA-ICP-MS; olivine; aillikites; carbonate-phlogopite metasomatism; Tarim large igneous province

Acknowledgments and Funding

The authors acknowledge Yanru Zhang, Dongjie Tang, Jinwu Yin, and Linghao Zhao for their technical support. We are grateful to Don Baker, Charles Lesher, Sebastian Tappe, and an anonymous referee for their helpful suggestions and constructive comments on this manuscript. Geoffrey Howarth, Anna Nosova, Andrea Giuliani, Xianghui Fei, and Mpoho Martial are appreciated for their constructive suggestions. Financial support for this work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41472060, No. 41702064, and No. 42030302).

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Received: 2020-03-26
Accepted: 2020-09-16
Published Online: 2021-07-03
Published in Print: 2021-07-27

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Tourmaline composition and boron isotope signature as a tracer of magmatic-hydrothermal processes
  2. Deformation and strength of mantle relevant garnets: Implications for the subduction of basaltic-rich crust
  3. Ultra-reduced phases in ophiolites cannot come from Earth’s mantle
  4. Olivine from aillikites in the Tarim large igneous province as a window into mantle metasomatism and multi-stage magma evolution
  5. Precise determination of the effect of temperature on the density of solid and liquid iron, nickel, and tin
  6. Timescales of crystal mush mobilization in the Bárðarbunga-Veiðivötn volcanic system based on olivine diffusion chronometry
  7. Chemical reactions in the Fe2SiO4-D2 system with a variable deuterium content at 7.5 GPa
  8. High-pressure syntheses and crystal structure analyses of a new low-density CaFe2O4-related and CaTi2O4-type MgAl2O4 phases
  9. Phase diagram and thermal expansion of orthopyroxene-, clinopyroxene-, and ilmenite-structured MgGeO3
  10. Mass transfer associated with chloritization in the hydrothermal alteration process of granitic pluton
  11. Nonlinear effects of hydration on high-pressure sound velocities of rhyolitic glasses
  12. Crystal chemistry and high-temperature vibrational spectra of humite and norbergite: Fluorine and titanium in humite-group minerals
  13. Exomorphism of jacobsite precipitates in bixbyite single crystals from the Thomas Range in Utah
  14. Ferropyrosmalite-bearing fluid inclusions in the North Patagonian Andes metasedimentary basement, Argentina: A record of regional metasomatism
  15. Memorial of Alden Bliss Carpenter (1936–2019)
  16. New Mineral Names
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2021-7521
Keywords for this article
Trace elements; LA-ICP-MS; olivine; aillikites; carbonate-phlogopite metasomatism; Tarim large igneous province

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Tourmaline composition and boron isotope signature as a tracer of magmatic-hydrothermal processes
  2. Deformation and strength of mantle relevant garnets: Implications for the subduction of basaltic-rich crust
  3. Ultra-reduced phases in ophiolites cannot come from Earth’s mantle
  4. Olivine from aillikites in the Tarim large igneous province as a window into mantle metasomatism and multi-stage magma evolution
  5. Precise determination of the effect of temperature on the density of solid and liquid iron, nickel, and tin
  6. Timescales of crystal mush mobilization in the Bárðarbunga-Veiðivötn volcanic system based on olivine diffusion chronometry
  7. Chemical reactions in the Fe2SiO4-D2 system with a variable deuterium content at 7.5 GPa
  8. High-pressure syntheses and crystal structure analyses of a new low-density CaFe2O4-related and CaTi2O4-type MgAl2O4 phases
  9. Phase diagram and thermal expansion of orthopyroxene-, clinopyroxene-, and ilmenite-structured MgGeO3
  10. Mass transfer associated with chloritization in the hydrothermal alteration process of granitic pluton
  11. Nonlinear effects of hydration on high-pressure sound velocities of rhyolitic glasses
  12. Crystal chemistry and high-temperature vibrational spectra of humite and norbergite: Fluorine and titanium in humite-group minerals
  13. Exomorphism of jacobsite precipitates in bixbyite single crystals from the Thomas Range in Utah
  14. Ferropyrosmalite-bearing fluid inclusions in the North Patagonian Andes metasedimentary basement, Argentina: A record of regional metasomatism
  15. Memorial of Alden Bliss Carpenter (1936–2019)
  16. New Mineral Names
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