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Interdiffusion of major elements at 1 atmosphere between natural shoshonitic and rhyolitic melts

  • Diego González-García EMAIL logo , Francesco Vetere , Harald Behrens , Maurizio Petrelli , Daniele Morgavi and Diego Perugini
Published/Copyright: September 27, 2019
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American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 104 Issue 10

Abstract

The diffusive mass exchange of eight major elements (Si, Ti, Al, Fe, Mg, Ca, Na, and K) between natural, nominally dry shoshonitic and rhyolitic melts was studied at atmospheric pressure and temperatures between 1230 and 1413 °C using the diffusion couple method. For six elements, effective binary diffusion coefficients were calculated by means of a concentration-dependent method to obtain an internally consistent data set. Among these components, the range in diffusivities is restricted, pointing to a coupling of their diffusive fluxes. We find that the calculated diffusivities fit well into the Arrhenius relation, with activation energies (Ea) ranging from 258 to 399 kJ/mol in rhyolitic (70 wt% SiO2) melt and from 294 to 426 kJ/mol in the latitic melt (58 wt% SiO2). Ti shows the lowest Ea, while Si, Fe, Mg, Ca, and K have a similar value. A strong linear correlation is observed between logD0 and Ea, confirming the validity of the compensation law for this system. Uphill diffusion is observed in Al in the form of a concentration minimum in the rhyolitic side of the couple, (at ca. 69 wt% SiO2), and in Na indicated by a maximum in the shoshonitic side (ca. 59 wt% SiO2). Fe shows weak signs of uphill diffusion, possibly due to the contribution of ferric iron. The data presented here extend the database of previously published diffusivities in the shoshonite-rhyolite system (González-García et al. 2017) toward the water-free end and allows us to better constrain the water-dependence of major element diffusion at very low water concentrations. Combining both data sets, we find that logD is proportional to the square root of water concentration for a range between 0 and 2 wt% H2O. These results are of particular interest in the study of mass transfer phenomena in alkaline volcanic systems.

Keywords: Chemical diffusion; major elements; alkaline melts; magma mixing; Vulcano Island

Acknowledgments

The help provided by Chao Zhang and Renat Almeev during microprobe analysis at the University of Hannover is recognized, as well as Youxue Zhang and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive review of the initial manuscript.

  1. Funding

    This research was funded by the European Research Council (ERC) Consolidator Grant ERC-2013-CoG No. 612776—CHRONOS to D. Perugini and by the MIUR-DAAD Joint Mobility Project (grant number 57262582) to F. Vetere and H. Behrens. An Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Senior Research Grant to F. Vetere is also acknowledged.

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Received: 2019-02-11
Accepted: 2019-06-24
Published Online: 2019-09-27
Published in Print: 2019-10-25

© 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2019-6997
Keywords for this article
Chemical diffusion; major elements; alkaline melts; magma mixing; Vulcano Island

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Carbonation and the Urey reaction
  2. Carbonation and decarbonation reactions: Implications for planetary habitability
  3. PO4 adsorption on the calcite surface modulates calcite formation and crystal size
  4. High-pressure Raman and Nd3+ luminescence spectroscopy of bastnäsite-(REE)CO3F
  5. Precipitates of α-cristobalite and silicate glass in UHP clinopyroxene from a Bohemian Massif eclogite
  6. Solubility behavior of δ-AlOOH and ɛ-FeOOH at high pressures
  7. Analyst and etching protocol effects on the reproducibility of apatite confined fission-track length measurement, and ambient-temperature annealing at decadal timescales
  8. Identification of interstratified mica and pyrophyllite monolayers within chlorite using advanced scanning/transmission electron microscopy
  9. Interdiffusion of major elements at 1 atmosphere between natural shoshonitic and rhyolitic melts
  10. Factors controlling the crystal morphology and chemistry of garnet in skarn deposits: A case study from the Cuihongshan polymetallic deposit, Lesser Xing’an Range, NE China
  11. Gasparite-(La), La(AsO4), a new mineral from Mn ores of the Ushkatyn-III deposit, Central Kazakhstan, and metamorphic rocks of the Wanni glacier, Switzerland
  12. Cation ordering, valence states, and symmetry breaking in the crystal-chemically complex mineral chevkinite-(Ce): Recrystallization, transformation, and metamict states in chevkinite
  13. Discrete Zr and REE mineralization of the Baerzhe rare-metal deposit, China
  14. Origin of Monte Rosa whiteschist from in-situ tourmaline and quartz oxygen isotope analysis by SIMS using new tourmaline reference materials
  15. Chenmingite, FeCr2O4 in the CaFe2O4-type structure, a shock-induced, high-pressure mineral in the Tissint martian meteorite
  16. Letter
  17. Single-crystal elasticity of iron-bearing phase E and seismic detection of water in Earth’s upper mantle
  18. Book Review
  19. Book Review
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