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Formation of rhyolite at the Okataina Volcanic Complex, New Zealand: New insights from analysis of quartz clusters in plutonic lithics
-
Karina A. Graeter
,
Rachel J. Beane
Published/Copyright:
August 12, 2015
Abstract
Granitoid lithic clasts from the 0.7 ka Kaharoa eruption at the Tarawera volcano (Okataina Volcanic Complex, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand) provide insight into the processes of rhyolite formation. The plutonic lithic clasts of the Kaharoa eruption consist of (1) quartz phenocrysts, which are often grouped into clusters of two to eight quartz grains, (2) plagioclase phenocrysts (mostly ~An40 with up to An60 cores), and (3) interstitial alkali feldspar. Quartz orientations obtained through electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) methods show that 78% of the 82 analyzed clusters have at least one pair of quartz grains with the dominant dipyramidal faces matched. Variations in cathodoluminescence (CL) zoning patterns of the quartz suggest that quartz clusters came together after initial crystal growth and that many quartz crystals were subject to one or more resorption events. The process of quartz crystals with different magmatic histories coming together into common relative orientations to form clusters is indicative of oriented quartz synneusis and suggests a history of crystal accumulation. The quartz clusters are interpreted to have formed as part of a crystal cumulate mush within a shallow magma chamber where quartz crystals rotated into contact along their dominant dipyramidal faces during hindered settling and/or compaction. The preservation of oriented quartz clusters from the Kaharoa plutonic lithics thus provides evidence for synchronous, shallow pluton formation from a cumulate mush during active silicic volcanism. This result is consistent with models whereby meltrich, high-silica rhyolite formation occurs via interstitial melt extraction from a low-silica rhyolite mush in the shallow crust.
Received: 2014-7-14
Accepted: 2015-3-3
Published Online: 2015-8-12
Published in Print: 2015-8-1
© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
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Keywords for this article
Cathodoluminescence;
cumulate;
EBSD;
rhyolite formation;
Taupo Volcanic Zone
Articles in the same Issue
- Data, ideas, and the nature of scientific progress
- Beyond the equilibrium paradigm: How consideration of kinetics enhances metamorphic interpretation
- Magmatic volatiles (H, C, N, F, S, Cl) in the lunar mantle, crust, and regolith: Abundances, distributions, processes, and reservoirs
- The mafic component of the lunar crust: Constraints on the crustal abundance of mantle and intrusive rock, and the mineralogy of lunar anorthosites
- Degassing pathways of Cl-, F-, H-, and S-bearing magmas near the lunar surface: Implications for the composition and Cl isotopic values of lunar apatite
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- Spectroscopic study of ordering in non-stoichiometric magnesium aluminate spinel
- High-pressure behavior of cuprospinel CuFe2O4: Influence of the Jahn-Teller effect on the spinel structure
- Field and model constraints on silicic melt segregation by compaction/hindered settling: The role of water and its effect on latent heat release
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- Elastic wave velocity anomalies of anorthite in a subducting plate: In situ experiments
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- Melting curve of NaCl to 20 GPa from electrical measurements of capacitive current
- Grain size measurement from two-dimensional micro-X-ray diffraction: Laboratory application of a radial integration technique
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- Provenance determination of sapphires and rubies using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and multivariate analysis
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