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Intrinsic conditions of magma genesis at the Lunar Crater Volcanic Field (Nevada), and implications for internal plumbing and magma ascent
-
Joaquín A. Cortés
,
Eugene I. Smith
Veröffentlicht/Copyright:
9. April 2015
Abstract
The northern part of the Lunar Crater Volcanic Field (central Nevada, U.S.A.) contains more than 100 Quaternary basaltic cones and maars and related eruptive products. We focused on four informal units of different ages and locations in the field to test the compositional variability and magma ascent processes within the time span of an individual eruption and the variability between very closely spaced volcanoes with different ages. Based in whole-rock chemistry, mineral chemistry and the calculation of intrinsic properties (pressure, temperature, and oxygen fugacity) we found that individual magma batches were generated in the asthenospheric mantle from a heterogeneous garnet lherzolite/olivine websterite source by ~3-5% partial melting. Each magma batch and temporary deep reservoir was a separate entity rather than part of a continuous long-lived reservoir. Magmas ascended relatively fast, stalled and crystallized in the uppermost several kilometers of the mantle near the base of the crust and some also stalled at mid-crustal levels with minor or no geochemical interaction with surrounding rocks. Our data also suggest that volcanoes erupting within certain time windows had similar source characteristics and ascent processes whether they were located within a few hundred meters of each other or were separated by many kilometers.
Keywords : Lunar Crater Volcanic Field; monogenetic volcanism; whole-rock chemistry; mineral chemistry; geothermobarometry
Received: 2013-11-20
Accepted: 2014-9-10
Published Online: 2015-4-9
Published in Print: 2015-2-1
© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
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Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Lunar Crater Volcanic Field;
monogenetic volcanism;
whole-rock chemistry;
mineral chemistry;
geothermobarometry
Artikel in diesem Heft
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- A rock fragment related to the magnesian suite in lunar meteorite Allan Hills (ALHA) 81005
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- Pauloabibite, trigonal NaNbO3, isostructural with ilmenite, from the Jacupiranga carbonatite, Cajati, São Paulo, Brazil
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- Carbonate mineralization in percolated olivine aggregates: Linking effects of crystallographic orientation and fluid flow
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- Experimental study along the magnesio-hornblende–glaucophane join
- Direct observation of Ca-Na ordering and structure polarity in Ca-rich intermediate plagioclase feldspar with incommensurate modulated structure
- Stability and adhesion of calcite/montmorillonite assembly
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