Article
Licensed
Unlicensed
Requires Authentication
Carbon isotope “stratigraphy” in a single graphite crystal: Implications for the crystal growth mechanism of fluid-deposited graphite
-
M. Santosh
and
S.S. Binu-Lal
Published/Copyright:
March 31, 2015
Abstract
A 2 cm long and 0.8 cm thick, single graphite crystal embedded in quartz, feldspar, and orthopyroxene of a granulite-facies metamorphic rock from southern India exhibits unique homogeneity in δ13C values along layers parallel to the (0001) surface and smooth unidirectional variation of about 1‰ along the c-crystallographic axis. The fluid-precipitated graphite shows isotope homogeneity indicative of crystal growth along the (0001) plane. The C-isotope data along with the textural features suggest that the formation of graphite initiates in a layer perpendicular to the c-axis, possibly by a spiral growth mechanism. The initial layer is followed layer after layer, until the final stages of graphite growth. A second stage of graphite growth unrestricted by surrounding minerals is inferred from the un-deformed idiomorphic hexagonal form of the overgrown crystals. The C-isotope values in the overgrown rim of the crystal are lowered by about 2‰, suggesting a multistage precipitation. Morphologic and stable isotope studies thus confirm uniform crystal growth of graphite recording an isotope evolution pattern relating to fractionation from a fluid in an infinite reservoir during the main crystal formation. Spiral growth parallel to the (0001) face can explain the perfect uniformity of stable isotope composition in a single layer, whereas the variation across the (0001) surface gives insights into the time-integrated fluid evolution attending the crystal growth.
Received: 2002-10-15
Accepted: 2003-6-25
Published Online: 2015-3-31
Published in Print: 2003-11-1
© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
You are currently not able to access this content.
You are currently not able to access this content.
Articles in the same Issue
- Partial equilibrium of radiogenic and stable isotope systems in garnet peridotite during ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism
- Experimental determination of Au solubility in rhyolite melt and magnetite: Constraints on magmatic Au budgets
- Surface oxidation of chalcocite (Cu2S) under aqueous (pH = 2–11) and ambient atmospheric conditions: Mineralogy from Cu L- and O K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy
- Determination of molar absorptivity of IR fundamental OH-stretching vibration in rhyolitic glasses
- The effect of radiation damage on local structure in the crystalline fraction of ZrSiO4: Investigating the 29Si NMR response to pressure in zircon and reidite
- The structural behavior of Al3+ in peralkaline melts and glasses in the system Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2
- Hydromaghemite, an intermediate in the hydrothermal transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite into hematite
- Carbon isotope “stratigraphy” in a single graphite crystal: Implications for the crystal growth mechanism of fluid-deposited graphite
- Woodruffite: A new Mn oxide structure with 3 × 4 tunnels
- Calderonite, a new lead-iron-vanadate of the brackebuschite group
- Low-temperature microdiamond aggregates in the Maksyutov Metamorphic Complex, South Ural Mountains, Russia
- Crystal structure of protoanthophyllite: A new mineral from the Takase ultramafic complex, Japan
- Crystallization of AlPO4-SiO2 solid solutions from granitic melt and implications for P-rich melt inclusions in pegmatitic quartz
- On the formation of peridotite-derived Os-rich PGE alloys
- Viscosity of hydrous rhyolitic melts inferred from kinetic experiments, and a new viscosity model
- Geothermobarometry and U-Pb Geochronology of metapelitic granulites and pelitic migmatites from the Lokoho region, Northern Madagascar
- The aperiodic states of zircon: an ab initio molecular dynamics study
- Cathodoluminescence investigations on the Popigai, Ries, and Lappajärvi impact diamonds
- Isomorphous cation substitution in dioctahedral phyllosilicates by means of ab initio quantum mechanical calculations on clusters
- Alacranite, As8S9: structural study of the holotype and re-assignment of the original chemical formula
- Influence of layer charge on the hydroxyl stretching of trioctahedral clay minerals: A vibrational study of synthetic Na- and K-saponites
- Stacking faults and twin boundaries in sphalerite crystals from the Trepcˇa mines in Kosovo
- Letters. Rock-forming moissanite (natural α-silicon carbide)
- Water solubility in carbonatite melts
- Trace element partitioning between mantle wedge peridotite and hydrous MgO-rich melt
- Rubidium- and cesium-dominant micas in granitic pegmatites
- Nanoscale mineralogy of arsenic in a region of New Hampshire with elevated As-concentrations in the groundwater
- Micro- and nanochemistry of fly ash from a coal-fired power plant
- Thermal behavior of dental enamel and geologic apatite: An infrared spectroscopic study
- Black carbon pollution of speleothems by fine urban aerosols in tourist caves
- Decay-induced biomineralization of the saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea)
- The distribution of zeolites and their effects on the performance of a nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, U.S.A.
- Transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite to 6-line ferrihydrite under oxic and anoxic conditions
- Iron-rich precipitates in a mine drainage environment: Influence of pH on mineralogy
- Efflorescent iron sulfate minerals: Paragenesis, relative stability, and environmental impact
- Secondary mineralogy and microtextures of weathered sulfides and manganoan carbonates in mine waste-rock dumps, with implications for heavy-metal fixation
- Acquisition and evaluation of thermodynamic data for morenosite-retgersite equilibria at 0.1 MPa
- On the thermochemistry of the solid solution between jarosite and its chromate analog
- The Composition and Morphology of Amphiboles from the Rainy Creek Complex, Near Libby, Montana
- Composition, Fe3+/ΣFe, and crystal structure of non-asbestiform and asbestiform amphiboles from Libby, Montana, U.S.A.
- A rapid and accurate procedure for the determination of refractive indices of regulated asbestos minerals
- Ferrous saponite from the Deccan Trap, India, and its application in adsorption and reduction of hexavalent chromium
- Nanomorphology of montmorillonite particles: Estimation of the clay edge sorption site density by low-pressure gas adsorption and AFM observations
- Medieval stained glass in a Mediterranean climate: Typology, weathering and glass decay, and associated biomineralization processes and products
- The structure of disordered mackinawite
- The reactivity of seven Mn-oxides with Cr3+aq: A comparative analysis of a complex, environmentally important redox reaction
- Sorption mechanisms of Sr and Pb on zeolitized tuffs from the Nevada test site as a function of pH and ionic strength
- Letters. Tailoring calcite: Nanoscale AFM of coccolith biocrystals
Articles in the same Issue
- Partial equilibrium of radiogenic and stable isotope systems in garnet peridotite during ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism
- Experimental determination of Au solubility in rhyolite melt and magnetite: Constraints on magmatic Au budgets
- Surface oxidation of chalcocite (Cu2S) under aqueous (pH = 2–11) and ambient atmospheric conditions: Mineralogy from Cu L- and O K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy
- Determination of molar absorptivity of IR fundamental OH-stretching vibration in rhyolitic glasses
- The effect of radiation damage on local structure in the crystalline fraction of ZrSiO4: Investigating the 29Si NMR response to pressure in zircon and reidite
- The structural behavior of Al3+ in peralkaline melts and glasses in the system Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2
- Hydromaghemite, an intermediate in the hydrothermal transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite into hematite
- Carbon isotope “stratigraphy” in a single graphite crystal: Implications for the crystal growth mechanism of fluid-deposited graphite
- Woodruffite: A new Mn oxide structure with 3 × 4 tunnels
- Calderonite, a new lead-iron-vanadate of the brackebuschite group
- Low-temperature microdiamond aggregates in the Maksyutov Metamorphic Complex, South Ural Mountains, Russia
- Crystal structure of protoanthophyllite: A new mineral from the Takase ultramafic complex, Japan
- Crystallization of AlPO4-SiO2 solid solutions from granitic melt and implications for P-rich melt inclusions in pegmatitic quartz
- On the formation of peridotite-derived Os-rich PGE alloys
- Viscosity of hydrous rhyolitic melts inferred from kinetic experiments, and a new viscosity model
- Geothermobarometry and U-Pb Geochronology of metapelitic granulites and pelitic migmatites from the Lokoho region, Northern Madagascar
- The aperiodic states of zircon: an ab initio molecular dynamics study
- Cathodoluminescence investigations on the Popigai, Ries, and Lappajärvi impact diamonds
- Isomorphous cation substitution in dioctahedral phyllosilicates by means of ab initio quantum mechanical calculations on clusters
- Alacranite, As8S9: structural study of the holotype and re-assignment of the original chemical formula
- Influence of layer charge on the hydroxyl stretching of trioctahedral clay minerals: A vibrational study of synthetic Na- and K-saponites
- Stacking faults and twin boundaries in sphalerite crystals from the Trepcˇa mines in Kosovo
- Letters. Rock-forming moissanite (natural α-silicon carbide)
- Water solubility in carbonatite melts
- Trace element partitioning between mantle wedge peridotite and hydrous MgO-rich melt
- Rubidium- and cesium-dominant micas in granitic pegmatites
- Nanoscale mineralogy of arsenic in a region of New Hampshire with elevated As-concentrations in the groundwater
- Micro- and nanochemistry of fly ash from a coal-fired power plant
- Thermal behavior of dental enamel and geologic apatite: An infrared spectroscopic study
- Black carbon pollution of speleothems by fine urban aerosols in tourist caves
- Decay-induced biomineralization of the saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea)
- The distribution of zeolites and their effects on the performance of a nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, U.S.A.
- Transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite to 6-line ferrihydrite under oxic and anoxic conditions
- Iron-rich precipitates in a mine drainage environment: Influence of pH on mineralogy
- Efflorescent iron sulfate minerals: Paragenesis, relative stability, and environmental impact
- Secondary mineralogy and microtextures of weathered sulfides and manganoan carbonates in mine waste-rock dumps, with implications for heavy-metal fixation
- Acquisition and evaluation of thermodynamic data for morenosite-retgersite equilibria at 0.1 MPa
- On the thermochemistry of the solid solution between jarosite and its chromate analog
- The Composition and Morphology of Amphiboles from the Rainy Creek Complex, Near Libby, Montana
- Composition, Fe3+/ΣFe, and crystal structure of non-asbestiform and asbestiform amphiboles from Libby, Montana, U.S.A.
- A rapid and accurate procedure for the determination of refractive indices of regulated asbestos minerals
- Ferrous saponite from the Deccan Trap, India, and its application in adsorption and reduction of hexavalent chromium
- Nanomorphology of montmorillonite particles: Estimation of the clay edge sorption site density by low-pressure gas adsorption and AFM observations
- Medieval stained glass in a Mediterranean climate: Typology, weathering and glass decay, and associated biomineralization processes and products
- The structure of disordered mackinawite
- The reactivity of seven Mn-oxides with Cr3+aq: A comparative analysis of a complex, environmentally important redox reaction
- Sorption mechanisms of Sr and Pb on zeolitized tuffs from the Nevada test site as a function of pH and ionic strength
- Letters. Tailoring calcite: Nanoscale AFM of coccolith biocrystals
