12. Worldwide Distribution And Abundance Of Killer Whales

Kapitel in diesem Buch

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents v
3. List Of Contributors vii
4. List Of Tables ix
5. List Of Figures xi
6. Preface xv
7. 1. Introduction 1
8. Background
9. 2. Whales, Interaction Webs, And Zero-Sum Ecology 7
10. 3. Lessons From Land Present And Past Signs Of Ecological Decay And The Overture To Earth’S Sixth Mass Extinction 14
11. 4. When Ecological Pyramids Were Upside Down 27
12. 5. Pelagic Ecosystem Response To A Century Of Commercial Fishing And Whaling 38
13. 6 Evidence For Bottom-Up Control Of Upper-Trophic-Level Marine Populations Is It Scale-Dependent? 50
14. Whales And Whaling
15. 7. Evolutionary Patterns In Cetacea Fishing Up Prey Size Through Deep Time 67
16. 8. A Taxonomy Of World Whaling Operations And Eras 82
17. 9. The History Of Whales Read From DNA 102
18. 10. Changes In Marine Mammal Biomass In The Bering Sea/ Aleutian Islands Region Before And After The Period Of Commercial Whaling 116
19. 11. Industrial Whaling In The North Pacific Ocean 1952–1978 Spatial Patterns Of Harvest And Decline 134
20. 12. Worldwide Distribution And Abundance Of Killer Whales 145
21. 13. The Natural History And Ecology Of Killer Whales 163
22. 14. Killer Whales As Predators Of Large Baleen Whales And Sperm Whales 174
23. Process And Theory
24. 15. Physiological And Ecological Consequences Of Extreme Body Size In Whales 191
25. 16. Ecosystem Impact Of The Decline Of Large Whales In The North Pacific 202
26. 17. The Removal Of Large Whales From The Southern Ocean Evidence For Long-Term Ecosystem Effects? 215
27. 18. Great Whales As Prey Using Demography And Bioenergetics To Infer Interactions In Marine Mammal Communities 231
28. 19. Whales And Whaling In The North Pacific Ocean And Bering Sea Oceanographic Insights And Ecosystem Impacts 245
29. 20. Legacy Of Industrial Whaling Could Killer Whales Be Responsible For Declines Of Sea Lions, Elephant Seals, And Minke Whales In The Southern Hemisphere? 262
30. 21. Predator Diet Breadth And Prey Population Dynamics Mechanism And Modeling 279
31. 22. Bigger Is Better The Role Of Whales As Detritus In Marine Ecosystems 286
32. Case Studies
33. 23 Gray Whales In The Bering And Chukchi Seas 303
34. 24. Whales, Whaling, And Ecosystems In The North Atlantic Ocean 314
35. 25. Sperm Whales In Ocean Ecosystems 324
36. 26. Ecosystem Effects Of Fishing And Whaling In The North Pacific And Atlantic Oceans 335
37. 27. Potential Influences Of Whaling On The Status And Trends Of Pinniped Populations 344
38. Social Context
39. 28. The Dynamic Between Social Systems And Ocean Ecosystems Are There Lessons From Commercial Whaling? 363
40. 29. Whaling, Law, And Culture 373
41. Overview And Synthesis
42. 30. Whales Are Big And It Matters 379
43. 31. Retrospection And Review 388
44. Index 395