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54. HOW ARE COPPER PLATES CALCINED?
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Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Foreword VII
- Preface IX
- Contents XI
- Illustrations XIV
- INTRODUCTION XV
-
Libellus de Alchimia of ALBERTUS MAGNUS
- PREFACE 1
- 1. ON VARIOUS ERRORS 5
- 2. HOW DO METALS ARISE? 7
- 3. THE PROOF THAT THE ALCHEMICAL ART IS TRUE 9
- 4. THE KIND AND NUMBER OF FURNACES THAT ARE NECESSARY 14
- 5. ON THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF FURNACES 15
- 6. HOW MANY, WHAT KIND, AND OF WHAT USE ARE THE SUBLIMATION OVENS? 16
- 7. HOW ARE DISTILLATION OVENS [TO BE MADE] ? 16
- 8. ON GLAZING OVENS 17
- 9. HOW ARE CLAY VESSELS GLAZED ? 17
- 10. THE FOUR SPIRITS OF METALS WHICH COLOR 18
- 11. WHAT IS ELIXIR, AND HOW MANY OF THE METALS ARE TRANSMUTED THROUGH THESE FOUR SPIRITS? 19
- 12. ON THE GENERA OF MEDICINES AND THEIR NAMES 20
- 13. WHAT IS MERCURY AND WHAT IS ITS ORIGIN? 21
- 14. WHAT IS SULPHUR, ITS PROPERTIES, AND ITS OCCURRENCE? 22
- 15. WHAT IS AURIPIGMENTUM AND WHAT IS ITS ORIGIN? 24
- 16. WHAT IS ARSENICUM? 25
- 17. SAL AMMONIAC IS TWOFOLD 25
- 18. OF WHAT USE IS COMMON SALT AND HOW IS IT PREPARED? 27
- 19. THE WATER OF ANY SALT [YOU PLEASE] 28
- 20. WHAT IS THE USE OF SAL ALKALI, AND HOW IS IT PREPARED? 29
- 21. HOW IS ALUM WHITENED AND DISSOLVED IN WATER? 31
- 22. HOW CAN ATRAMENTUM BE REDDENED AND DISSOLVED IN WATER? 32
- 23. HOW TARTAR IS PREPARED SO THAT THE OIL FROM IT CAN DISSOLVE CALXES 33
- 24. HOW IS GREEN COPPER MADE AND REDDENED AND ABOVE ALL OF WHAT USE IS IT FOR THIS ART? 34
- 25. HOW AND FROM WHAT IS CINNABAR MADE? 35
- 26. HOW AND FROM WHAT IS AZURIUM MADE? 37
- 27. HOW AND FROM WHAT IS CERUSSA MADE? 38
- 28. HOW IS MINIUM MADE FROM CERUSSA? 39
- 29. HOW IS MINIUM MADE FROM LEAD ASHES? 39
- 30. WHAT IS SUBLIMATION AND IN HOW MANY WAYS CAN IT BE DONE? 40
- 31. WHAT IS CALCINATION AND IN HOW MANY WAYS CAN IT BE DONE? 42
- 32. WHAT IS COAGULATION AND WHY IS IT USED? 43
- 33. WHAT IS FIXATION AND IN HOW MANY WAYS ARE BODIES FIXED? 44
- 34. WHAT IS SOLUTION AND IN HOW MANY WAYS IS IT DONE? 45
- 35. WHAT IS DISTILLATION AND HOW IS IT DONE? 46
- 36. WHAT IS CERATION AND HOW IS IT DONE? 47
- 37. HOW IS MERCURY PREPARED AND WHITENED LIKE SNOW? 48
- 38. HOW IS SULPHUR DISSOLVED, WHITENED, AND FIXED? 51
- 39. HOW IS AURIPIGMENTUM WHITENED? 52
- 40. HOW IS ARSENICUM WHITENED? 52
- 41. HOW IS SAL AMMONIAC PREPARED? 53
- 42. FROM WHAT SUBSTANCES IS FIRE MADE? 54
- 43. ON THE FIXATION OF SPIRITS, AN ADDED CHAPTER 55
- 44. THE REVELATION AND TEACHING OF THE SECRETS OF THIS ART BEGIN HERE 58
- 45. THE FIXATION OF POWDERS, SO THAT THEY CAN MIX WITH BODIES, IS TAUGHT HERE 59
- 46. HOW ARE SPIRITS DISSOLVED IN WATER BY ONE METHOD? 60
- 47. HOW ARE SPIRITS MADE INTO A RED LIQUID? 63
- 48. HOW CAN WATER BE DISTILLED IN A TWOFOLD MANNER? 63
- 49. ON THE DISTILLATION OF OIL 65
- 50. ON THE COAGULATION OF ALL SOLUTIONS 65
- 51. HOW CAN GOLD AND SILVER BE CALCINED? 65
- 52. ON THE CUCURBITE 66
- 53. HOW CAN OTHER METALS BE CALCINED? 66
- 54. HOW ARE COPPER PLATES CALCINED? 69
- 55. HOW IS THE CALX OF BODIES REDUCED TO A MASS? SEE ALSO IN GEBER'S LIBER FORNACUM 70
- 56. HERE BEGINS THE FIRST OF THE OPERATIONS 71
- 57. HOW CAN GOLD AND SILVER BE OBTAINED ACCORDING TO ALL THE ABOVE? 72
- BIBLIOGRAPHY 75
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Foreword VII
- Preface IX
- Contents XI
- Illustrations XIV
- INTRODUCTION XV
-
Libellus de Alchimia of ALBERTUS MAGNUS
- PREFACE 1
- 1. ON VARIOUS ERRORS 5
- 2. HOW DO METALS ARISE? 7
- 3. THE PROOF THAT THE ALCHEMICAL ART IS TRUE 9
- 4. THE KIND AND NUMBER OF FURNACES THAT ARE NECESSARY 14
- 5. ON THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF FURNACES 15
- 6. HOW MANY, WHAT KIND, AND OF WHAT USE ARE THE SUBLIMATION OVENS? 16
- 7. HOW ARE DISTILLATION OVENS [TO BE MADE] ? 16
- 8. ON GLAZING OVENS 17
- 9. HOW ARE CLAY VESSELS GLAZED ? 17
- 10. THE FOUR SPIRITS OF METALS WHICH COLOR 18
- 11. WHAT IS ELIXIR, AND HOW MANY OF THE METALS ARE TRANSMUTED THROUGH THESE FOUR SPIRITS? 19
- 12. ON THE GENERA OF MEDICINES AND THEIR NAMES 20
- 13. WHAT IS MERCURY AND WHAT IS ITS ORIGIN? 21
- 14. WHAT IS SULPHUR, ITS PROPERTIES, AND ITS OCCURRENCE? 22
- 15. WHAT IS AURIPIGMENTUM AND WHAT IS ITS ORIGIN? 24
- 16. WHAT IS ARSENICUM? 25
- 17. SAL AMMONIAC IS TWOFOLD 25
- 18. OF WHAT USE IS COMMON SALT AND HOW IS IT PREPARED? 27
- 19. THE WATER OF ANY SALT [YOU PLEASE] 28
- 20. WHAT IS THE USE OF SAL ALKALI, AND HOW IS IT PREPARED? 29
- 21. HOW IS ALUM WHITENED AND DISSOLVED IN WATER? 31
- 22. HOW CAN ATRAMENTUM BE REDDENED AND DISSOLVED IN WATER? 32
- 23. HOW TARTAR IS PREPARED SO THAT THE OIL FROM IT CAN DISSOLVE CALXES 33
- 24. HOW IS GREEN COPPER MADE AND REDDENED AND ABOVE ALL OF WHAT USE IS IT FOR THIS ART? 34
- 25. HOW AND FROM WHAT IS CINNABAR MADE? 35
- 26. HOW AND FROM WHAT IS AZURIUM MADE? 37
- 27. HOW AND FROM WHAT IS CERUSSA MADE? 38
- 28. HOW IS MINIUM MADE FROM CERUSSA? 39
- 29. HOW IS MINIUM MADE FROM LEAD ASHES? 39
- 30. WHAT IS SUBLIMATION AND IN HOW MANY WAYS CAN IT BE DONE? 40
- 31. WHAT IS CALCINATION AND IN HOW MANY WAYS CAN IT BE DONE? 42
- 32. WHAT IS COAGULATION AND WHY IS IT USED? 43
- 33. WHAT IS FIXATION AND IN HOW MANY WAYS ARE BODIES FIXED? 44
- 34. WHAT IS SOLUTION AND IN HOW MANY WAYS IS IT DONE? 45
- 35. WHAT IS DISTILLATION AND HOW IS IT DONE? 46
- 36. WHAT IS CERATION AND HOW IS IT DONE? 47
- 37. HOW IS MERCURY PREPARED AND WHITENED LIKE SNOW? 48
- 38. HOW IS SULPHUR DISSOLVED, WHITENED, AND FIXED? 51
- 39. HOW IS AURIPIGMENTUM WHITENED? 52
- 40. HOW IS ARSENICUM WHITENED? 52
- 41. HOW IS SAL AMMONIAC PREPARED? 53
- 42. FROM WHAT SUBSTANCES IS FIRE MADE? 54
- 43. ON THE FIXATION OF SPIRITS, AN ADDED CHAPTER 55
- 44. THE REVELATION AND TEACHING OF THE SECRETS OF THIS ART BEGIN HERE 58
- 45. THE FIXATION OF POWDERS, SO THAT THEY CAN MIX WITH BODIES, IS TAUGHT HERE 59
- 46. HOW ARE SPIRITS DISSOLVED IN WATER BY ONE METHOD? 60
- 47. HOW ARE SPIRITS MADE INTO A RED LIQUID? 63
- 48. HOW CAN WATER BE DISTILLED IN A TWOFOLD MANNER? 63
- 49. ON THE DISTILLATION OF OIL 65
- 50. ON THE COAGULATION OF ALL SOLUTIONS 65
- 51. HOW CAN GOLD AND SILVER BE CALCINED? 65
- 52. ON THE CUCURBITE 66
- 53. HOW CAN OTHER METALS BE CALCINED? 66
- 54. HOW ARE COPPER PLATES CALCINED? 69
- 55. HOW IS THE CALX OF BODIES REDUCED TO A MASS? SEE ALSO IN GEBER'S LIBER FORNACUM 70
- 56. HERE BEGINS THE FIRST OF THE OPERATIONS 71
- 57. HOW CAN GOLD AND SILVER BE OBTAINED ACCORDING TO ALL THE ABOVE? 72
- BIBLIOGRAPHY 75