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Coke Formation in Steam Reforming of Natural Gas over Rhodium/Alumina Catalysts: An Atomic Force Microscopy Study using the Oscillating Friction Mode
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Claudia Eßmann
Veröffentlicht/Copyright:
18. November 2011
Abstract
The initial stage of coke formation in steam reforming of natural gas over rhodium/alumina catalysts was studied microscopically. A well-defined model catalyst prepared by an aerosol technique was placed in a flow reactor to very mildly coke the catalyst sample. Therefore, a natural gas–steam mixture at steam-to-carbon ratios of unity was fed to the reactor operated for thirty minutes at atmospheric pressure and moderate temperatures of 650 ºC. Fresh and used catalyst samples were characterized by SEM-EDX and a recently developed AFM technique, the Oscillating Friction Microscopy (OFM), to analyze the friction characteristics of the sample. OFM combined with SEM-EDX allowed to distinguish between coke depositions, alumina support (Al2O3), and Rh particles and to locate the initial carbon deposition in the process. It was found that coke formation starts on the catalyst particle. The carbonaceous overlayer can be removed from the catalyst and the closely surrounding support by multiples scans with the AFM tip.
Published Online: 2011-11-18
Published in Print: 2011-12-1
© by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, Karlsruhe, Germany
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- Low Energy Electron Point Source Microscopy of Two-Dimensional Carbon Nanostructures
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Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Coking;
Steam Reforming;
Natural Gas;
Rhodium Catalyst;
Atomic Force Microscopy
Artikel in diesem Heft
- From flames to functional materials — The multiple facets of diagnostic techniques in Physical Chemistry
- High-Temperature Measurements of the Rate Constants for Reactions of OH with a Series of Large Normal Alkanes: n-Pentane, n-Heptane, and n-Nonane
- Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Ferrocene-Doped Propene Flames
- Non-Equilibrium Kinetic Studies of Plasma-Assisted Combustion using Laser-Based Diagnostics
- Coke Formation in Steam Reforming of Natural Gas over Rhodium/Alumina Catalysts: An Atomic Force Microscopy Study using the Oscillating Friction Mode
- Gas-Temperature Imaging in a Microwave-Plasma Nanoparticle-Synthesis Reactor Using Multi-Line NO-LIF Thermometry
- Identification of Tetrahydrofuran Reaction Pathways in Premixed Flames
- Competing Channels in the Propene + OH Reaction: Experiment and Validated Modeling over a Broad Temperature and Pressure Range
- The Effect of Carbon–Carbon Double Bonds on the Combustion Chemistry of Small Fatty Acid Esters
- PLIF Thermometry Based on Measurements of Absolute Concentrations of the OH Radical
- Diode Laser Induced Fluorescence for Gas-Phase Diagnostics
- Response of Bacillus thuringiensis Al Hakam Endospores to Gas Dynamic Heating in a Shock Tube
- Process Control of CVD Deposition of Nanocrystalline Diamond Films by Plasma Diagnostics
- Numerical Analysis of Thermoacoustic Instabilities Using LES and Computational Aeroacoustics
- On the Temperature Dependence of the Thermal Electron Attachment to SF6, SF5Cl, and POCl3
- Single Acetone Droplets at Supercritical Pressure: Droplet Generation and Characterization of PLIFP
- Low Energy Electron Point Source Microscopy of Two-Dimensional Carbon Nanostructures
- High Resolution IR Spectroscopy of the C–H Stretch Bands of Benzene Monomer and Dimer in Helium Nanodroplets
- Dispersed Fluorescence Spectra of 1H- and 1D-Indazole
