Elastic properties of citric acid, citric acid hydrate, trilithium citrate tetrahydrate, trisodium citrate pentahydrate, and tripotassium citrate hydrate
Abstract
Single crystals of optical quality of citric acid (monoclinic), citric acid monohydrate (orthorhombic), trilithium citrate tetrahydrate (monoclinic), trisodium citrate pentahydrate (orthorhombic) and tripotassium citrate monohydrate (monoclinic) have been grown from aqueous solutions by standard methods. Elastic constants cij and thermoelastic constants Tij = d log cij/dT have been determined from ultrasonic resonance frequencies of plane-parallel plates and their shift with temperature T, respectively. Further, the tensors of thermal expansion have been measured with the aid of an optical Fizeau interferometer. Citric acid and its monohydrate exhibit a distinct depression of their mean elastic stiffness and also stronger thermal volume expansion and mean thermoelastic effect compared to the three citrates. The rules governing the mean elastic stiffness via the S values are also obeyed by the citrates, despite their different structures. The contribution of the Coulomb interaction of a single monovalent cation with the trivalent citric anion to the mean elastic stiffness is somewhat comparable to that with a monovalent anion.
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Articles in the same Issue
- A solution of the phase problem. I. Latent lattices and their optimisation
- Elastic properties of citric acid, citric acid hydrate, trilithium citrate tetrahydrate, trisodium citrate pentahydrate, and tripotassium citrate hydrate
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- New phases in the Yb–Au–Si and Ca–Au–Si systems
- Molecular structures and packing in crystals of ZnX2L2 complexes, having L as a monodentate oxo-ligand
- Molecular and crystal structures of two Nα-protected α-aminoacyl fluorides and their free carboxylic acid synthetic precursors1
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