Renewable mycelium based composite – sustainable approach for lignocellulose waste recovery and alternative to synthetic materials – a review
Abstract
The agricultural waste with lignocellulose origin is considered to be one of the major environmental pollutants which, because of their high nutritional value, represent an extremely rich resource with significant potential for the production of value added bio-products. This review discusses the applications of higher fungi to upcycle abundant agricultural by-products into more sustainable materials and to promote the transition to a circular economy. It focuses on the main factors influencing the properties and application of mycelium composites – the feedstock, the basidiomycete species and their interaction with the feedstock. During controlled solid state cultivation on various lignocellulose substrates, the basidiomycetes of class Agaricomycetes colonize their surfaces and form a three-dimensional mycelium net. Fungal mycelium secretes enzymes that break down lignocellulose over time and are partially replaced by mycelium. The mycelium adheres to the residual undegraded substrates resulting in the formation of a high-mechanical-strength bio-material called a mycelium based bio-composite. The mycelium based bio-composites are completely natural, biodegradable and can be composted after their cycle of use is completed. The physicochemical, mechanical, and thermodynamic characteristics of mycelium based bio-composites are competitive with those of synthetic polymers and allow them to be successfully used in the construction, architecture, and other industries.
Funding source: Bulgarian National Science Fund http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003336
Award Identifier / Grant number: КП-06-Н37/4 from 6.12.2019
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Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: This work is funded by the National Science Fund of Bulgaria under contract N° КП-06-Н37/4 from 06.12.2019, NOVEL MYCELIUM BASED BIO-COMPOSITE A NEW ALTERNATIVE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY, http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003336.
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Review Article
- Renewable mycelium based composite – sustainable approach for lignocellulose waste recovery and alternative to synthetic materials – a review
- Research Articles
- Oregano essential oil inhibits Candida spp. biofilms
- Chemical composition of Satureja spicigera essential oil and its insecticidal effectiveness on Halyomorpha halys nymphs and adults
- Flavonolignan 2, 3-dehydroderivatives from Oenanthe javanica and their anti inflammatory activities
- Synthesis, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiviral docking studies of ethyl 2-(2-(arylidene)hydrazinyl)thiazole-4-carboxylates
- Physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory characteristics of probiotic Bulgarian yoghurts obtained by ultrafiltration of goat’s milk
- Preliminary assessment of an injectable extracellular matrix from decellularized bovine myocardial tissue
- Loading of capsaicin-in-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes into PEGylated liposomes and the inhibitory effect on IL-8 production by MDA-MB-231 and A549 cancer cell lines
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Review Article
- Renewable mycelium based composite – sustainable approach for lignocellulose waste recovery and alternative to synthetic materials – a review
- Research Articles
- Oregano essential oil inhibits Candida spp. biofilms
- Chemical composition of Satureja spicigera essential oil and its insecticidal effectiveness on Halyomorpha halys nymphs and adults
- Flavonolignan 2, 3-dehydroderivatives from Oenanthe javanica and their anti inflammatory activities
- Synthesis, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiviral docking studies of ethyl 2-(2-(arylidene)hydrazinyl)thiazole-4-carboxylates
- Physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory characteristics of probiotic Bulgarian yoghurts obtained by ultrafiltration of goat’s milk
- Preliminary assessment of an injectable extracellular matrix from decellularized bovine myocardial tissue
- Loading of capsaicin-in-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes into PEGylated liposomes and the inhibitory effect on IL-8 production by MDA-MB-231 and A549 cancer cell lines