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Studies on birefringence, order parameter and image analysis of liquid crystalline p-n butyloxy/butyl benzoic acid with dispersed ZnO nanoparticles

  • P. Jayaprada , P. Pardhasaradhi ORCID logo , B. T. P. Madhav ORCID logo , K. Krishna Reddy , D. Rama Sekhara Reddy , G. Giridhar , M. C. Rao and R. K. N. R. Manepalli ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: November 6, 2020
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A
From the journal Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A Volume 76 Issue 1

Abstract

ZnO nanoparticles (nps) have wide range of applications and improve the optical parameters of molecules of soft liquid crystalline (LC) materials. The present paper mainly discusses the optical studies on LC materials regarding p-n-butyloxybenzoic acid (4oba) and p-n-butylbenzoic (4ba) compound along with homogeneous dispersion of ZnO nps in lower weight concentration, i.e., 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 wt%. The existence and size of ZnO nps in LC compounds are well determined through spectroscopic techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The temperatures of LC compounds and phase transitions are determined by using polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) which is found to decrease with increasing concentration of dispersed ZnO nps. Image enhancement with visual quality matrix method is used to improve the quality of the image. Specially designed wedge-shaped modified spectrometer is used to determine the refractive indices with different wavelengths (460, 500, 570 and 635 nm). The refractive indices measured are fitted with two and three coefficient Cauchy model. Further, the order parameter S of the molecules of 4ba and 4oba with dispersed ZnO nps are determined by molecular field models namely Kuczynski, Vuks and effective geometry model, respectively. From the data, it is found that the values of birefringence (δn) and order parameter (S) of the molecules of 4oba and 4ba are enhanced with the dispersion of ZnO nps with increasing weight concentrations in the stabilized nematic thermal region.

Keywords: birefringence and order parameter; Cauchy constants; fluctuation dominated non-linear region (FDNLR); full width half maxima (FWHM); visual quality matrix (VQM)
Corresponding author: R. K. N. R. Manepalli, Department of Physics, The Hindu College, Krishna University, Machilipatnam521001, India, E-mail:

  1. Author contribution: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Role of the funding sources: DST through Fund for Improvement of S&T Infrastructure (FIST) grant of SR/FST/ET-II/2019/450 and KLEF Internal funding project File no. KLEF/IF/SEP/2019/ 002.

  3. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

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Received: 2020-05-06
Accepted: 2020-10-15
Published Online: 2020-11-06
Published in Print: 2021-01-27

© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Atomic, Molecular & Chemical Physics
  3. Energy levels and transition probabilities of N+, F3+, and Ne4+ ions
  4. Dynamical Systems & Nonlinear Phenomena
  5. Genetic algorithm (GA)–based delay feedback control of chaotic behavior in the voltage mode controlled direct current (DC) drive system
  6. Time-delayed predator–prey interaction with the benefit of antipredation response in presence of refuge
  7. Gravitation & Cosmology
  8. Cosmology of Tsallis holographic scalar field models in Chern–Simons modified gravity and optimization of model parameters through χ2 minimization
  9. Solid State Physics & Materials Science
  10. Thermal conversion of CBD grown ZnS thin films to ZnO
  11. Studies on birefringence, order parameter and image analysis of liquid crystalline p-n butyloxy/butyl benzoic acid with dispersed ZnO nanoparticles
https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2020-0198
Keywords for this article
birefringence and order parameter; Cauchy constants; fluctuation dominated non-linear region (FDNLR); full width half maxima (FWHM); visual quality matrix (VQM)

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Atomic, Molecular & Chemical Physics
  3. Energy levels and transition probabilities of N+, F3+, and Ne4+ ions
  4. Dynamical Systems & Nonlinear Phenomena
  5. Genetic algorithm (GA)–based delay feedback control of chaotic behavior in the voltage mode controlled direct current (DC) drive system
  6. Time-delayed predator–prey interaction with the benefit of antipredation response in presence of refuge
  7. Gravitation & Cosmology
  8. Cosmology of Tsallis holographic scalar field models in Chern–Simons modified gravity and optimization of model parameters through χ2 minimization
  9. Solid State Physics & Materials Science
  10. Thermal conversion of CBD grown ZnS thin films to ZnO
  11. Studies on birefringence, order parameter and image analysis of liquid crystalline p-n butyloxy/butyl benzoic acid with dispersed ZnO nanoparticles
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