Thermodynamics of complex chemical equilibria in surfactant mixtures
-
Igor Povar
and
Oxana Spinu
Oxana Spinu is a scientific researcher at the same Department. Her scientific interest includes analytical chemistry, chemical modeling and theoretical research, including thermodynamics and chemical kinetics of multicomponent systems. She deals with the principles of the quantitative theory of the buffering action in various homogeneous and heterogeneous systems that contain as solid phases hydroxides, acids, slightly soluble salts.
Abstract
A thermodynamic approach was developed to predict the precipitation conditions of surfactants using the solubility product relationship between surfactant monomer concentrations, in order to calculate the monomer-precipitate equilibrium. This approach provides an explicit equation which predicts the amount of solid phase which forms in any surfactant mixture. All calculations of the total change in Gibbs energy (ΔG) were performed for concentrations of both surfactants that were below their CMC values. The elaborated ΔG-pH diagrams offer the possibility to determine the areas of thermodynamic stability of the solid phases depending on the chemical composition and acidity of the studied system. It was shown that with increasing concentration of the surfactant and the metal ion, the range of precipitate formation, either as slightly soluble salt or as slightly soluble acid, was extended by a few pH units in all cases.
About the author
Oxana Spinu is a scientific researcher at the same Department. Her scientific interest includes analytical chemistry, chemical modeling and theoretical research, including thermodynamics and chemical kinetics of multicomponent systems. She deals with the principles of the quantitative theory of the buffering action in various homogeneous and heterogeneous systems that contain as solid phases hydroxides, acids, slightly soluble salts.
-
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
-
Research funding: This work is a part of the Moldovan State Program (2020–2023) “Study and management of pollution sources to develop recommendations for implementing measures to mitigate the negative impact on environment and human health”, Project number: 20.80009.7007.20.
-
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
References
1. Dave, N., Joshi, T. A concise review on surfactants and its significance. Int. J. Appl. Chem. 2017, 13, 663–672.10.37622/IJAC/13.3.2017.663-672Search in Google Scholar
2. Amelin, V. G., Shogah, Z. C., Bol’shakov, D. S. Microextraction–colorimetric (fluorimetric) determination of cationic and anionic surfactants in food products. J. Anal. Chem. 2021, 76, 330–338; https://doi.org/10.1134/S1061934821030035.Search in Google Scholar
3. McLntire, G. L., Dorsey, J. G. Micelles in analytical chemistry. Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. 1990, 21, 257–278; https://doi.org/10.1080/10408349008051631.Search in Google Scholar
4. Stellner, K. L., Amante, J. C., Scamehorn, J. F., Harwell, J. H. Precipitation phenomena in mixtures of anionic and cationic surfactants in aqueous solutions. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1988, 123, 186–200; https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(88)90235-4.Search in Google Scholar
5. Upadhyaya, A., Acosta, E. J., Scamehorn, J. F., Sabatini, D. A. Adsorption of anionic–cationic surfactant mixtures on metal oxide surfaces. J. Surfactants Deterg. 2007, 10, 269–277; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11743-007-1045-3.Search in Google Scholar
6. Boulanger, B., Vargo, J. D., Schnoor, J. L., Hornbuckle, K. C. Evaluation of perfluorooctane surfactants in a wastewater treatment system and in a commercial surface protection product. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39, 5524–5530; https://doi.org/10.1021/es050213u.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
7. Palmer, M., Hatley, H. The role of surfactants in wastewater treatment: impact, removal and future techniques: a critical review. Water Res. 2018, 147, 60–72; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2018.09.039.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
8. Kogawa, A. C., Cernic, B. G., Do Couto, L. G. D., Salgado, H. R. N. Synthetic detergents: 100 years of history. Saudi. Pharm. J. 2017, 25, 934–938; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2017.02.006.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
9. Kume, G., Gallotti, M., Nunes, G. Review on anionic/cationic surfactant mixtures. J. Surfactants Deterg. 2008, 11, 1–11; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11743-007-1047-1.Search in Google Scholar
10. Huang, L., Somasundaran, P. Theoretical model and phase behavior for binary surfactant mixtures. Langmuir 1997, 13, 6683–6688; https://doi.org/10.1021/la9704617.Search in Google Scholar
11. Ottewill, R. H., Rennie, A. R., Laughlin, R. G., Bunke, G. M. Micellar structure in solutions of an ultralong chain zwitterionic surfactant. Langmuir 1994, 10, 3493–3499; https://doi.org/10.1021/la00022a023.Search in Google Scholar
12. Linse, P., Piculell, L., Hansson, P. Models of Polymer-Surfactant Complexation; CRC Press: New York, 2020.10.1201/9781003064756-5Search in Google Scholar
13. Norvaišas, P., Petrauskas, V., Matulis, D. Thermodynamics of cationic and anionic surfactant interaction. J. Phys. Chem. 2012, 116, 2138–2144; https://doi.org/10.1021/jp2095888.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
14. Amante, J. C., Scamehorn, J. F., Harwell, J. H. Precipitation of mixtures of anionic and cationic surfactants: II. Effect of surfactant structure, temperature, and pH. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1991, 144, 243–253; https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(91)90255-7.Search in Google Scholar
15. Davies, C. W. Ion Association; Butterworths: London, 1962.Search in Google Scholar
16. Povar, I., Spinu, O. Correlation between global thermodynamic functions and experimental data in multicomponent heterogeneous systems. Can. J. Chem. 2016, 94, 113–119; https://doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2015-0411.Search in Google Scholar
17. Soontravanich, S., Walsh, S., Scamehorn, J. F., Harwell, J. H., Sabatini, D. A. Interaction between an anionic and an amphoteric surfactant. Part II: Precipitation. J. Surfactants Deterg. 2009, 12, 145–154; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11743-009-1106-x.Search in Google Scholar
18. Soontravanich, S., Munoz, J. A., Scamehorn, J. F., Harwell, J. H., Sabatini, D. A. Interaction between an anionic and an amphoteric surfactant. Part I: monomer–micelle equilibrium. J. Surfactants Deterg. 2008, 11, 251–261; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11743-008-1080-8.Search in Google Scholar
19. Im, S. H., Jeong, Y. H., Ryoo, J. Simultaneous analysis of anionic, amphoteric, nonionic and cationic surfactant mixtures in shampoo and hair conditioner by RP-HPLC/ELSD and LC/MS. J. Anal. Chim. Acta. 2008, 619, 129–136; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2008.03.058.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
20. Abdel-Rahem, R. Synergism in mixed anionic–amphoteric surfactant solutions: influence of anionic surfactant chain length. Tenside Surfactants Deterg. 2009, 46, 298–305; https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110035.Search in Google Scholar
21. Niraula, T. P., Bhattarai, A., Chatterjee, S. K., Biratnagar, N. Sodium dodecylsulphate: a very useful surfactant for scientific investigations. J. Innov. Knowl. 2014, 2, 111–113.Search in Google Scholar
22. Wołowicz, A., Staszak, K. Study of surface properties of aqueous solutions of sodium dodecyl sulfate in the presence of hydrochloric acid and heavy metal ions. J. Mol. Liq. 2020, 299, 112170; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112170.Search in Google Scholar
23. Jiang, N., Yu, X., Sheng, Y., Zong, R., Li, C., Lu, S. Role of salts in performance of foam stabilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2020, 216, 115474; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2020.115474.Search in Google Scholar
24. Singer, M. M., Tjeerdema, R. S. Fate and Effects of the Surfactant Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Springer: New York, 1993.10.1007/978-1-4613-9529-4_3Search in Google Scholar PubMed
25. Mahvi, A. H., Vosoughi, M., Mohammadi, M. J., Asadi, A., Hashemzadeh, B., Zahedi, A., Pourfadakar, S. Sodium dodecyl sulfate modified-zeolite as a promising adsorbent for the removal of natural organic matter from aqueous environments. Health Scope 2016, 5, e29966; https://doi.org/10.17795/jhealthscope-29966.Search in Google Scholar
26. Moniruzzaman, M., Saha, N. C. Consequences of sodium dodecyl sulfate exposure on the antioxidant status and steroidogenesis in fish gonad. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2021, 28, 19247–19259; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12151-7.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
27. Rodriguez, C. H., Lowery, L. H., Scamehorn, J. F., Harwell, J. H. Kinetics of precipitation of surfactants. I. Anionic surfactants with calcium and with cationic surfactants. J. Surfactants Deterg. 2001, 4, 1–14; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11743-001-0155-7.Search in Google Scholar
28. Gerbacia, W. E. F. Calcium dodecyl sulfate precipitation from solutions containing sodium chloride. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1983, 93, 556–559; https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(83)90440-X.Search in Google Scholar
29. Kallay, N., Pastuovic, M., Matijević, E. J. Solubility and enthalpy of precipitation of magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium dodecyl sulfates. Colloid Interface Sci. 1985, 106, 452–458; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9797(85)80019-9.Search in Google Scholar
30. Herndon, V. MINTEQA2/PRODEFA2, A Geochemical Assessment Model for Environmental Systems: User Manual Supplement for Version 4.0; 1998.Search in Google Scholar
© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Novel Cleaning Concepts
- Innovative foam-based cleaning concepts for historical objects
- Automatic Dishwashing
- Development of an imaging station and scoring model for automatic dishwashing evaluation
- Physical Chemistry
- Thermodynamics of complex chemical equilibria in surfactant mixtures
- Dispersion of copper phthalocyanine pigment nanoparticles by eco-friendly ethoxylated cardanol in aqueous solution
- Study on the compounding of sodium N-lauroyl glutamate and cationic cellulose
- Interaction of Direct Blue 86 with cationic surfactant micelles: spectroscopic, conductometric and thermodynamic aspects
- Novel Surfactants
- Oligomeric cationic Gemini surfactants: synthesis, surface activities and rheological properties as thickener
- Application
- Influence of Bacillus subtilis on the surface behavior and separation of talc and chlorite minerals
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Novel Cleaning Concepts
- Innovative foam-based cleaning concepts for historical objects
- Automatic Dishwashing
- Development of an imaging station and scoring model for automatic dishwashing evaluation
- Physical Chemistry
- Thermodynamics of complex chemical equilibria in surfactant mixtures
- Dispersion of copper phthalocyanine pigment nanoparticles by eco-friendly ethoxylated cardanol in aqueous solution
- Study on the compounding of sodium N-lauroyl glutamate and cationic cellulose
- Interaction of Direct Blue 86 with cationic surfactant micelles: spectroscopic, conductometric and thermodynamic aspects
- Novel Surfactants
- Oligomeric cationic Gemini surfactants: synthesis, surface activities and rheological properties as thickener
- Application
- Influence of Bacillus subtilis on the surface behavior and separation of talc and chlorite minerals
