Influence of series of long-chain cationic surfactants on the quality characteristics of nano silica induced zinc phosphated mild steel
-
Ruby Thomas
Ruby Thomas is currently an Assistant Professor at the Department of Chemistry, Loyola College Nungambakkam Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. She earned her PhD in Chemistry from Anna University Chennai, India. Her research interest includes surface science, nanotechnology, corrosion, coatings and electrochemistry.
,
Manickam Janarthanam Umapathy
Manickam Janarthanam Umapathy is currently an Assistant Professor (Senior grade) at the Department of Chemistry, Anna University Chennai, India. His research interest includes polymer chemistry, material science, nanocomposites, corrosion and electrochemistry.
Giridharan Ravi is an undergraduate scholar of the Department of Chemistry, Loyola College Nungambakkam Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. His areas of interest include coatings, corrosion, nanotechnology and material science.
Abstract
Mild steel panels were zinc phosphated employing environmentally safe nano silica as an accelerator and a series of four cationic surfactants as additives. The four cationic surfactants chosen were decyltriethyl ammonium bromide (C10TEAB), dodecyltriethyl ammonium bromide (C12TEAB), hexadecyltriethyl ammonium bromide (C16TEAB), and octadecyltriethyl ammonium bromide (C18TEAB). The length of the alkyl chain of the surfactant compounds influenced the quality of the coatings. The corrosion resistance of the coated panels was assessed using a salt spray test. The hydrophobicity of the coatings increased as the hydrocarbon chain length of the surfactants extended from C10 to C18. Porosity, adhesion, and roughness tests were used to examine the surface properties of the coated panels. The coating weight and thickness of the resultant coatings on the base metal were used to quantify coating quality. The results of the tests revealed that the presence of C16TEAB additive outperformed all other components in terms of coating efficiency, coating thickness, and corrosion inhibition performance. The optimal quantity of C18TEAB deposited had a maximum coating weight of 0.0430 g/mm2 that enhanced durability, appearance, and barrier qualities.
About the authors
Ruby Thomas is currently an Assistant Professor at the Department of Chemistry, Loyola College Nungambakkam Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. She earned her PhD in Chemistry from Anna University Chennai, India. Her research interest includes surface science, nanotechnology, corrosion, coatings and electrochemistry.
Manickam Janarthanam Umapathy is currently an Assistant Professor (Senior grade) at the Department of Chemistry, Anna University Chennai, India. His research interest includes polymer chemistry, material science, nanocomposites, corrosion and electrochemistry.
Giridharan Ravi is an undergraduate scholar of the Department of Chemistry, Loyola College Nungambakkam Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. His areas of interest include coatings, corrosion, nanotechnology and material science.
-
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
-
Research funding: None declared.
-
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
References
1. Takahashi, M., Deguchi, H., Hayashi, Y., Kimura, A., Hanaki, K., Tsuchiya, H., Yamashita, M., Fujimoto, S. Corrosion behavior of carbon steel coated with a zinc‐rich paint containing metallic compounds under wet and dry cyclic conditions. Mater. Corros. 2021, 72, 1787–1795; https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.202112465.Suche in Google Scholar
2. Najafabadi, E. P., Heidarpour, A., Raina, S., Arashpour, M., Zhao, X. Effects of galvanization on the mechanical properties of high and ultra‐high strength steel tubes. In ce/Papers; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, vol. 4, 2021; pp. 1606–1611.10.1002/cepa.1462Suche in Google Scholar
3. Viespoli, L. M., Mutignani, F., Remes, H., Berto, F. Cruciform welded joints: hot-dip galvanization effect on the fatigue life and local energetic analysis. Procedia Struct. Integr. 2018, 13, 340–346; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2018.12.057.Suche in Google Scholar
4. Svoboda, J., Kudlacek, J., Kreibich, V., Legutko, S. Alternative methods of chemical pre-treatment on hot-dip galvanization surface for adhesion organic coatings. In 5th International Scientific-Technical Conference Manufacturing 2017, Poznań, Poland, Oct 24–26, 2017. 2017; pp. 687–695.10.1007/978-3-319-68619-6_66Suche in Google Scholar
5. Bibicu, I., Bulea, C., Diamandescu, L., Rus, V., Popescu, T., Mercioniu, I. Characterization of surface and interface of Fe-C steel under electrolytic galvanization. In Proceedings of the Romanian Academy Series A, Vol. 19, 2018; pp. 423–430.Suche in Google Scholar
6. Toklu, E., Gur, M., Celtik, M. Investigation on effects of steel surface properties on galvanization behavior. J. Eng. Res. Appl. Sci. 2018, 7, 861–868.Suche in Google Scholar
7. Muhammad, M., Hu, S., Ma, R., An, D., Wang, M., Fan, Y., Zhao, X., Yang, H., Li, C. C., Cao, X. Enhancing the corrosion resistance of Q235 mild steel by incorporating poly (dopamine) modified h-BN nanosheets on zinc phosphate-silane coating. Surf. Coating. Technol. 2020, 390, 125682; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2020.125682.Suche in Google Scholar
8. Liu, J., Zhang, B., Qi, W. H., Deng, Y. G., Misra, R. D. K. Corrosion response of zinc phosphate conversion coating on steel fibers for concrete applications. J. Mater. Technol. 2020, 9, 5912–5921; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.03.117.Suche in Google Scholar
9. Hu, S., Muhammad, M., Wang, M., Ma, R., An, D., Fan, Y., Cao, X., Zhao, X. Corrosion resistance performance of nano-MoS2-containing zinc phosphate coating on Q235 steel. Mater. Lett. 2020, 265, 127256; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2019.127256.Suche in Google Scholar
10. Zhu, Q., Liu, J., Wang, X., Huang, Y., Ren, Y., Song, W., Mu, C., Liu, X., Wei, F., Liu, C. Polypyrrole functionalized graphene oxide accelerated zinc phosphate coating under low-temperature. ES Mater. Manuf. 2020, 9, 48–54; https://doi.org/10.30919/esmm5f927.Suche in Google Scholar
11. Tian, Y., Huang, H., Wang, H., Xie, Y., Sheng, X., Zhong, L., Zhang, X. Accelerated formation of zinc phosphate coatings with enhanced corrosion resistance on carbon steel by introducing α-zirconium phosphate. J. Alloys Compd. 2020, 831, 154906; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.154906.Suche in Google Scholar
12. Zhanga, L., Tong, X., Linb, J., Lid, Y., Wen, C. Enhanced corrosion resistance via phosphate conversion coating on pure Zn for medical applications. Corrosion Sci. 2020, 169, 1–7; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2020.108602.Suche in Google Scholar
13. Gupta, H., Rai, S. K., Krishna, N. S., Anand, G. The effect of copper oxide nanoparticle additives on the rheological and tribological properties of engine oil. J. Dispersion Sci. Technol. 2021, 42, 622–632; https://doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2020.1844017.Suche in Google Scholar
14. Xiong, S., Dong, L., Zhang, B., Wu, H., Mao, X. Tribological behavior of mineral and synthetic ester base oil containing MoS2 nanoparticles. J. Dispersion Sci. Technol. 2021, 42, 493–502; https://doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2019.1700132.Suche in Google Scholar
15. Xu, Z., Lou, W., Zhao, G., Zhao, Q., Xu, N., Hao, J., Wang, X. Preparation of WS2 nanocomposites via mussel-inspired chemistry and their enhanced dispersion stability and tribological performance in polyalkylene glycol (2018). J. Dispersion Sci. Technol. 2019, 40, 737–744; https://doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2018.1479269.Suche in Google Scholar
16. Shmait, A., Awad, R., Rahal, H. T., Azouri, M., Abdel‐Gaber, A. M. Studies on coatings containing nano‐zinc oxide for steel protection. Mater. Corros. 2021, 72, 859–867; https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.202012010.Suche in Google Scholar
17. Murthi, P., Poongodi, K., Awoyera, P. O., Gobinath, R., Saravanan, R. Enhancing the strength properties of high-performance concrete using ternary blended cement: OPC, nano-silica, bagasse ash. Silicon 2020, 12, 1949–1956; https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-019-00324-0.Suche in Google Scholar
18. Wang, Y., Li, S., Hughes, P., Fan, Y. Mechanical properties and microstructure of basalt fiber and nano-silica reinforced recycled concrete after exposure to elevated temperatures. Construct. Build. Mater. 2020, 247, 118561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118561.Suche in Google Scholar
19. Liu, Y., Chen, B., Qin, Z. Effect of nano-silica on properties and microstructures of magnesium phosphate cement. Construct. Build. Mater. 2020, 264, 120728; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120728.Suche in Google Scholar
20. Morks, M. F., Zahiri, S., Chen, X.‐B., Gulizia, S., Cole, I. S. Enhancement of the corrosion properties of cold sprayed Ti–6Al–4V coatings on mild steel via silica sealer. Mater. Corros. 2022, 73, 20–30; https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.202112504.Suche in Google Scholar
21. Kwa´sniewska, D., Chen, Y.-L., Wieczorek, D. Biological activity of quaternary ammonium salts and their derivatives. Pathogens 2020, 9, 459. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9060459.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
22. Abdellaoui, O., Skalli, M. K., Haoudi, A., Kandri Rodi, Y., Arrousse, N., Taleb, M., Ghibate, R., Senhaji, O. Study of the inhibition of corrosion of mild steel in a 1M HCl solution by a new quaternary ammonium surfactant. Moroc. J. Chem. 2021, 9, 044–056. http://revues.imist.ma/?journal=morjchem&page=login.Suche in Google Scholar
23. Ghorbani, M., Soto Puelles, J., Forsyth, M., Catubig, R. A., Ackland, L., Machuca, L., Herman, T., Somers, A. E. Corrosion inhibition of mild steel by cetrimonium trans-4-hydroxy cinnamate: entrapment and delivery of the anion inhibitor through speciation and micellar formation. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2020, 11, 9886–9892; https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02389.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
24. Alnajjar, A. O., Abd El-Lateef, H. M. A Novel Approach to investigate the Synergistic inhibition effect of Nickel phosphate nanoparticles with quaternary ammonium Surfactant on the Q235-mild steel Corrosion: surface morphology, electrochemical-Computational Modeling Outlines. J. Mol. Liq. 2021, 337, 116125; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116125.Suche in Google Scholar
25. Gawali, I. T., Usmani, G. A. Synthesis, surface active properties and applications of cationic Gemini surfactants from triethylenetetramine. J. Dispersion Sci. Technol. 2016, 37, 1002–1009. https://doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2019.1584112.Suche in Google Scholar
26. Mobin, M., Aslam, J., Hamad, A. A. Study on the inhibition of mild steel corrosion by cationic gemini surfactant in 1M HCl. J. Dispersion Sci. Technol. 2019, 41, 450–460. https://doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2015.1018425.-LohedanSuche in Google Scholar
27. Yan, X., Xu, W., Shao, R., David, M. Haddleton, Synthesis of a castor oil-based quaternary ammonium surfactant and its application in the modification of attapulgite. Tenside Surfactants Deterg. 2022, 59, 31–38; https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2021-2345.Suche in Google Scholar
28. Wang, Y., Wang, J., Fan, H., Du, F., Zhou, W., Yang, J. Effect of inorganic salt on foam properties of nanoparticle and surfactant systems. Tenside Surfactants Deterg. 2020, 57, 382–388; https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110698.Suche in Google Scholar
29. Zhao, X., Jia, S., Chen, H. Preparation and release properties of cationic flavor microcapsules with tetradecyl allyldimethyl ammonium bromide (TADAB) as main shell material. Tenside Surfactants Deterg. 2020, 57, 310–317. https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110689.Suche in Google Scholar
30. Wang, Z., Li, Y., Song, Y., Li, J., Zhang, Q. Synthesis and properties of a quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant with diethyl ether as the spacer group. Tenside Surfactants Deterg. 2020, 57, 82–89; https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110657.Suche in Google Scholar
31. Thomas, R., Umapathy, M. J. Solvent free synthesis of four cationic surfactants: evaluation of their corrosion inhibition properties on zinc phosphate conversion coating on mild steel. Tenside Surfactants Deterg. 2015, 52, 396–405; https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110391.Suche in Google Scholar
32. Thomas, R., Umapathy, M. J. Nano silicon dioxide accelerated zinc phosphate conversion coating on mild steel using decyl triethylammoniumbromide as an additive. Silicon 2014, 7, 371–381; https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-014-9231-1.Suche in Google Scholar
33. Thomas, R., Umapathy, M. J. Environment friendly nano silicon dioxide accelerated zinc phosphate coating on mild steel using a series of surfactants as additives. Silicon 2017, 9, 675–688; https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-016-9460-6.Suche in Google Scholar
34. Wang, D., Li, X., Chen, Z., Wang, S., Wang, Y., Liu, W., Li, W., Xue, R., Liu, C. T. Susceptibility of chloride ion concentration, temperature, and surface roughness on pitting corrosion of CoCrFeNi medium‐entropy alloy. Mater. Corros. 2022, 73, 106–115; https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.202112557.Suche in Google Scholar
35. Zhang, Y., Chen, Y., Zhang, Y., Bian, G. The long‐term corrosion performance and adhesion properties of 7B04 aluminum alloy/anodic film/epoxy primer system in acidic NaCl solution. Mater. Corros. 2022, 73, 93–105; https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.202112527.Suche in Google Scholar
36. Solanki, S. H., Patil, S. R. Phase studies of ethyl ammonium nitrate (EAN)/sugar surfactant microemulsions: effect of chain length of alkanes and length of the hydrophobic chain of the non-ionic surfactant. Tenside Surfactants Deterg. 2022, 59, 70–80; https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2021-2374.Suche in Google Scholar
37. Liu, Q., Bai, Y., Dong, S., Li, J., Song, Z., Chen, S., Zhang, J., Chen, G. Preparation and the foaming activity study of hydroxymethyl cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride. Tenside Surfactants Deterg. 2021, 58, 153–160; https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2019-2221.Suche in Google Scholar
38. Yan, J., Liu, Q., Du, W., Qu, C., Song, Z., Li, J., Zhang, J., Chen, G. Synthesis and properties of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium polyacrylic surfactants. Tenside Surfactants Deterg. 2020, 57, 122–128; https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110674.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Review Article
- Review on sophorolipids – a promising microbial bio-surfactant
- Automatic Dishwashing
- Exploring consumer behaviour in automatic dishwashing: a quantitative investigation of appliance usage in six European countries
- Flotation
- Effect of chemical additives on oil shale natural floatability
- Application
- Formulation and characterisation of lacidipine niosomal gel for transdermal delivery
- Novel Surfactants
- Novel cationic surfactants: synthesis, surface, antimicrobial studies and applicability as an extracting agent for interested element from monazite mineral concentrate
- Influence of series of long-chain cationic surfactants on the quality characteristics of nano silica induced zinc phosphated mild steel
- Synthesis
- Synthesis and physicochemical properties of sodium oleyl sulfate
- Physical Chemistry
- Preparation and the foaming activity of hydroxymethyl octadecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Review Article
- Review on sophorolipids – a promising microbial bio-surfactant
- Automatic Dishwashing
- Exploring consumer behaviour in automatic dishwashing: a quantitative investigation of appliance usage in six European countries
- Flotation
- Effect of chemical additives on oil shale natural floatability
- Application
- Formulation and characterisation of lacidipine niosomal gel for transdermal delivery
- Novel Surfactants
- Novel cationic surfactants: synthesis, surface, antimicrobial studies and applicability as an extracting agent for interested element from monazite mineral concentrate
- Influence of series of long-chain cationic surfactants on the quality characteristics of nano silica induced zinc phosphated mild steel
- Synthesis
- Synthesis and physicochemical properties of sodium oleyl sulfate
- Physical Chemistry
- Preparation and the foaming activity of hydroxymethyl octadecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride
