Pitch accent and tonal alignment in Kagoshima Japanese
-
Junko Ito
und
Armin Mester
Abstract
While recent work has made it abundantly clear that the metrical foot is fundamental for any understanding of the accent pattern of Japanese and its dialects, other features of these pitch accent systems are directly linked to the constraints aligning tonal melodies with prosodic structure. This paper presents some results on the microvariation in the pitch accent systems of the dialects of Kagoshima Prefecture: the main Kagoshima City dialect, and the separate dialects of Koshikijima island and the southernmost Kikaijima island (Ryukyu archipelago). All these dialects, except for the Kagoshima City dialect, are in serious decline in terms of numbers of speakers. We show that the accentual microvariation in Kagoshima Japanese is due to a simple reranking of the basic constraints aligning the accentual melodies HL and H. The difference in tone-bearing unit between dialects (syllable- vs. mora-counting behavior), difficult to analyze as a parameter setting, follows from the ranking of constraints against tonal contours on moras and syllables.
References
Alderete, John D. 1999. Morphologically governed accent in optimality theory. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Doctoral dissertation.Suche in Google Scholar
Gordon, Matthew. 2002. A phonetically driven account of syllable weight. Language 78(1). 51–80.10.1353/lan.2002.0020Suche in Google Scholar
Hayes, Bruce. 1995. Metrical stress theory: Principles and case studies. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.Suche in Google Scholar
Ishihara, Shunichi. 2012. Osaka and Kagoshima Japanese tone acoustics: A linguistic-tonetic comparative study. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 42. 1–21.10.1017/S0025100311000478Suche in Google Scholar
Ito, Junko & Armin Mester. 2016. Unaccentedness in Japanese. Linguistic Inquiry 47. 471–526.10.1162/LING_a_00219Suche in Google Scholar
Ito, Junko, Armin Mester, et al. 2017. Ancient Greek pitch accent: Anti-lapse and tonal antepenultimacy. In Shin’ichi Tanaka (ed.), On’inkyū-no shintenkai: Kubozono Haruo kyōju kanreki kinen ronbunshū [New developments in phonological research: Festschrift in honor of prof. Haruo Kubozono’s 60th birthday], 2–18. Tokyo: Kaitakusha.Suche in Google Scholar
Ito, Junko & Armin Mester. 2018. Tonal alignment and preaccentuation. To appear in Journal of Japanese Linguistics 34(2).10.1515/jjl-2018-0014Suche in Google Scholar
Kager, René. 1992. Shapes of the generalized trochee. In Jonathan Mead (ed.), The Proceedings of the Eleventh West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics, 298–312. Stanford: CSLI Publications.Suche in Google Scholar
Kawahara, Shigeto. 2016. Japanese has syllables: A reply to Labrune. Phonology 33. 169–194.10.1017/S0952675716000063Suche in Google Scholar
Kubozono, Haruo. 1988. The organization of Japanese Prosody. Kurosio, Tokyo: University of Edinburgh, Department of Linguistics. Published 1989 Doctoral dissertation.Suche in Google Scholar
Kubozono, Haruo. 1989. Syntactic and rhythmic effects on downstep in Japanese. Phonology 6. 39–67.10.1017/S0952675700000944Suche in Google Scholar
Kubozono, Haruo. 1995. Constraint interaction in Japanese phonology: Evidence from compound accent. In Rachel Walker, Ove Lorentz & Haruo Kubozono (ed.), Phonology at Santa Cruz [PASC], 21–38. Santa Cruz: Linguistics Research Center, UC Santa Cruz.Suche in Google Scholar
Kubozono, Haruo. 2003. The syllable as a unit of prosodic organization in Japanese. In Caroline Féry & Ruben van de Vijver (ed.), The syllable in optimality theory, 99–122. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511497926.005Suche in Google Scholar
Kubozono, Haruo. 2009. Japanese accent. In Shigeru Miyagawa & Mamoru Saito (ed.), Handbook of Japanese Linguistics, 165–191. Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195307344.013.0007Suche in Google Scholar
Kubozono, Haruo. 2012. Varieties of pitch accent systems in Japanese. Lingua 122. 1395–1414.10.1016/j.lingua.2012.08.001Suche in Google Scholar
Kubozono, Haruo. 2016. Moras and syllables in Japanese dialects. Talk delivered at the JK Workshop on Syllables and Prosody, NINJAL, Tachikawa, Japan. 13 October 2016.Suche in Google Scholar
Kubozono, Haruo. 2018. Evidence against superheavy syllables in Japanese: Quantity sensitivity in Tokyo and Kagoshima Japanese. Talk delivered at ICPM7 (7th International Conference on Phonology and Morphology). Seoul National University, June 2018.Suche in Google Scholar
Labrune, Laurence. 2012. Questioning the universality of the syllable: Evidence from Japanese. Phonology 29. 113–152.10.1017/S095267571200005XSuche in Google Scholar
McCarthy, John J. & Alan S. Prince. 1993. Generalized alignment. In Geert Booij & Jaap van Marle (ed.), Yearbook of morphology, 79–153. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.10.1007/978-94-017-3712-8_4Suche in Google Scholar
McCawley, James D. 1968. The phonological component of a grammar of Japanese. The Hague, The Netherlands: Mouton.Suche in Google Scholar
McCawley, James D. 1977. Accent in Japanese. In Larry Hyman (ed.), Studies in stress and accent Southern California Occasional Papers in Linguistics 4, 261–302. Los Angeles: USC.Suche in Google Scholar
Pierrehumbert, Janet & Mary Beckman. 1988. Japanese tone structure, LI Monograph Series No. 15 Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Suche in Google Scholar
Poser, William J. 1984. The phonetics and phonology of tone and intonation in Japanese. Cambridge, MA: MIT Doctoral dissertation.Suche in Google Scholar
Prince, Alan S., Bruce Tesar & Nazarré Merchant. 2015. OTWorkplace installer package. Http://ruccs.rutgers.edu/images/personal-alan-prince/otworkplace/OTWorkplaceInstallerPackage_ver12.zip.Suche in Google Scholar
Pulleyblank, Douglas. 1986. Tone in lexical phonology. Dordrecht: D. Reidel.10.1007/978-94-009-4550-0Suche in Google Scholar
Shibatani, Masayoshi. 1990. The languages of Japan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Suche in Google Scholar
Sibata, Takesi. 1961. On’in [Phonology]. In Misao Tōjō (ed.), Hōgengaku Gaisetsu [Introduction to Dialectology], 137–161. Tokyo: Musashino Shoin.Suche in Google Scholar
Trubetzkoy, Nikolai Sergeevich. 1939. Grundzüge der phonologie. Traveaux Du Cercle Linguistique de Prague 7.10.1515/9783110226300.4.388Suche in Google Scholar
Uwano, Zendo. 1999. Classification of Japanese accent systems. In Shigeki Kaji (ed.), Proceedings of the symposium cross-linguistic studies of tonal phenomena, tonogenesis, typology, and related topics: December 10- 12,1998, Takinogawa City Hall, Tokyo, 151–178. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.Suche in Google Scholar
Uwano, Zendo. 2016. 喜界島方言のアクセント資料 [Materials on the accent of the Kikaijima dialect] (5). 国立国語研究所論集 [NINJAL Research Papers]. 11. 181–213.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Pitch accent and tonal alignment in Kagoshima Japanese
- Secondary High Tones in Koshikijima Japanese
- Prosodic Unit, Recursive Structure, and Nature of Accent in Miyako Ryukyuan
- Prosodic strengthening in reference to the lexical pitch accent system in South Kyungsang Korean
- Differences in prosodic phrasing in marking syntax vs. focus: Data from Yanbian Korean
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Pitch accent and tonal alignment in Kagoshima Japanese
- Secondary High Tones in Koshikijima Japanese
- Prosodic Unit, Recursive Structure, and Nature of Accent in Miyako Ryukyuan
- Prosodic strengthening in reference to the lexical pitch accent system in South Kyungsang Korean
- Differences in prosodic phrasing in marking syntax vs. focus: Data from Yanbian Korean
