A Comparison of the Wake Effects Generated by the Biased Triangle Bar and Traditional Cylinder Bar to the Boundary Layer on Suction Surface of LPT Blade
-
Sun Shuang
,
Lu Xin’gen
Abstract
Considering the asymmetry of the low pressure turbine blade (LPT) wake at a low Reynolds number, the influence of asymmetric wakes which are similar to LPT wakes on the boundary layer of downstream blade rows in the near field is studied in the present paper, in order to increase wake flow prediction accuracy of the downstream blade without increasing the difficulty of the experiment or calculation load. Packb high-lift LPT airfoil was studied with CFX software. Following the analysis of the similarities between the wake generated by the cylinder bar and the triangle bar and the LPT blade wake in the near-field, the boundary layer flow characteristics on the suction surface under the different wakes were compared. In this research, it was found that the wakes of biased triangle bar shared more similarities with the LPT blade wake in the near field than the cylinder bar. Furthermore, the biased triangle bar wake was asymmetrical in terms of its centerline, and the separation bubble was suppressed while the calming effect was reduced after the wake-induced transition due to the asymmetry. And the time-averaged momentum thickness decreased by 7 % compared to the cylinder wake.
Funding statement: This work was sponsored by the Natural Science Fund of China (51306176).
Nomenclature
- C
Chord
- Cx
Axial Chord
- Cp
Pressure Coefficient, 2(Pt,in–Ps)/ρUout2
- FSTI
Free Stream Turbulence Intensity
- H12
Shape Factor
- fr
Reduced Frequency (fbarCx/Uin)
- K-H
Kelvin-Helmholtz
- n
Normal Direction
- Pt
Total Pressure
- Ps
Static Pressure
- Re
Reynolds Number (UinCx/υ)
- s
Streamwise Direction
- SSL
Suction Surface Length
- st
Strouhal number
- t
Time
- T
Time of One Wake Passing Periodicity
- U
Velocity
- Ub
Velocity of Wake Simulator
- Ud
Velocity Deficit
- Ur
Bar Velcoity
- U∞
Freestream Velocity
- u
Axial Velocity
- u’
Axial Velocity Disturbance
- v
Circumferential Velocity
- v’
Circumferential Velocity Disturbance
- Zw
Zweifel Number
- Г
Intermittency Factor
- ϴ
Momentum Thickness
- Ф
Flow Coefficient (Uin/Ur)
- υ
Kinematic Viscosity
- Subscripts
- in
Inlet
- out
Outlet
- rms
Root Mean Square
References
1. Hodson HP, Howell RJ. Blade row interactions, transition, and high-lift aerofoils in low-pressure turbine. Annu Rev Fluid Mechanics 2005;37:71–98.10.1146/annurev.fluid.37.061903.175511Suche in Google Scholar
2. Brunner S, Fottner L, Schiffer H-P. Comparison of two highly loaded low pressure turbine cascades under the influence of wake-induced transition, ASME Paper GT-2000-268, 2000.10.1115/2000-GT-0268Suche in Google Scholar
3. Haselbach, Schiffer F. The application of ultra high lift blade in the BR715 LP turbine. ASME J Turbomach 2002;124(1):45–51.10.1115/1.1415737Suche in Google Scholar
4. Cumpsty NA, Dong Y, Li YS. Compressor blade boundary layers in the presence of wakes, ASME Paper, No. 95-GT-443, 1995.10.1115/95-GT-443Suche in Google Scholar
5. Halstead DE, Wisler DC. Boundary layer development in axial compressor and turbines. ASME J Turbomach 1997;119(2):114–127.10.1115/1.2841000Suche in Google Scholar
6. Halstead DE, Wisler DC. Boundary layer development in axial compressor and turbines. ASME J Turbomach 1997;119(2):225–237.10.1115/1.2841105Suche in Google Scholar
7. Coull JD, Hodson HP. Unsteady boundary-layer transition in low-pressure turbines. J Fluid Mech 2011;681(4):370–410.10.1017/jfm.2011.204Suche in Google Scholar
8. Volino RJ. Separation control on low-pressure turbine airfoils using synthetic vortex generator jets, ASME paper, No.2003-GT-38729, 2003.10.1115/GT2003-38729Suche in Google Scholar
9. Simoni D, Ubaldi M, Zunino P, Bertini F, Spano E. An experimental investigation of passive control device: blade wake interaction on an ultra high lift turbine profile, ASME Paper, GT2008-51194, 2008.10.1115/GT2008-51194Suche in Google Scholar
10. Shuang S, Zhijun L, Xingen L, Yanfeng Z, Junqiang Z. The combined effects of surface roughness with upstream wakes on the boundary layer development of an ultra-high-lift LPT blade. Int J Turbo Jet Engines 2016;33(1):104–113.10.1515/tjj-2015-0055Suche in Google Scholar
11. Lipfert M, Habermann J, Rose MG, Staudacher S, Guendogdu Y. Blade–row interactions in a low pressure turbine at design and strong off-design operation. ASME J Turbomach 2005;137(7):071009–071009–9.10.1115/1.4028213Suche in Google Scholar
12. Simoni D, Berrino M, Ubaldi M, Zunino P, Bertini F. Off-design performance of a highly loaded low pressure turbine cascade under steady and unsteady incoming flow conditions. ASME J Turbomach 2004;136(11):111002–111002–10.10.1115/1.4029200Suche in Google Scholar
13. Schwarze M, Niehuis R. Numerical simulation of a highly loaded LPT cascade with strong suction side separation under periodically unsteady inflow conditions, ASME paper, GT2010-22363, 2010.10.1115/GT2010-22363Suche in Google Scholar
14. Pfeil H, Eifler J. Turbulenzverhaltnisse hinter rotierenden Zylin-dergittern. Forsch Ingenieurwes 1976;42:27–32.10.1007/BF02560822Suche in Google Scholar
15. Schobeiri MT, Chakka P. Prediction of turbine blade heat transfer and aerodynamics using unsteady boundary layer transition model. Int J Heat Transfer 2002;45:815–829.10.1016/S0017-9310(01)00190-9Suche in Google Scholar
16. Mahallati A, Sjolander SA. Aerodynamics of a low-pressure turbine airfoil at low-reynolds numbers part 2: blade-wake interaction. ASME J Turbomach 2013;135(1):1011–1023.10.1115/GT2007-27348Suche in Google Scholar
17. Hodson HP, Howell RJ. The role of transition in high-lift low-pressure turbines for aeroengines. Prog Aerosp Sci 2005;41(6):419–454.10.1016/j.paerosci.2005.08.001Suche in Google Scholar
18. Pluim J, Memory C, Bons J, Chen J-P. Designing a high fidelity wake simulator for research using linear cascades research, ASME paper, GT2009-59276, 2009.10.1115/GT2009-59276Suche in Google Scholar
19. Sarkar S. Influence of wake structure on unsteady flow in a low pressure turbine blade passage. ASME J Turbomach 2009;131(4):041016-041016-14.10.1115/1.3072490Suche in Google Scholar
20. Blaim FF, Brachmanski RE, Niehuis R. Investigation of variated unsteady inflow boundary conditions on the transition behavior of a low pressure turbine cascade family, ASME paper, GT2014-25891, 2014.10.1115/GT2014-25891Suche in Google Scholar
21. Rai MM, Moin P. Direct numerical simulation of transition and turbulence in a spatially evolving boundary layer. J Comput Phys 1993;109:169–192.10.2514/6.1991-1607Suche in Google Scholar
22. Singer BA, Joslin RD. Metamorphosis of a hairpin vortex into a young turbulent spot. Phys Fluids 1994;6:3724–3736.10.1063/1.868363Suche in Google Scholar
23. Alam M, Sandham ND. Direct numerical simulation of ‘Short’ laminar separation bubbles with turbulent reattachment. J Fluid Mech 2000;410:1–28.10.1017/S0022112099008976Suche in Google Scholar
24. Spalart PR, Strelets MK. Mechanisms of transition and heat transfer in a separation bubble. J Fluid Mech 2000;403:329–349.10.1017/S0022112099007077Suche in Google Scholar
25. Pope SB. Turbulent flows. Cambridge University Press, 2000;111–112.10.1017/CBO9780511840531Suche in Google Scholar
26. Tomikawa K, Horie H, Iida M, Arakawa C, Ooba Y. Parametric surveys of the effects of wake passing on high lift lp turbine flows using LES, 5th Joint ASME/JSME Fluids Engineering Conference, FEDSM 2007-37208, 2007.10.1115/FEDSM2007-37208Suche in Google Scholar
27. Kenichi F, Kazutoyo Y, Yasuhiro C, Nozomi T. Numerical and experimental studies on separated boundary layers over ultra-high lift low-pressure turbine cascade airfoils with variable solidity: effects of free-stream turbulence, ASME paper, GT2008-50718, 2008.Suche in Google Scholar
28. Ooba Y, Kodama H, Arakawa C, Matsuo Y. Numerical simulation of a wake-blade interaction using LES, 17th Symposium on Computational Fluid Dynamics, 2002.Suche in Google Scholar
29. Kaszeta RW, Simon TW, Ottaviani F, Jiang N. The influence of wake passing frequency and elevated free stream turbulence intensity on transition in low-pressure turbines, AIAA Paper, No. AIAA-2003-3633, 2003.10.2514/6.2003-3633Suche in Google Scholar
30. Kaszeta RW, Simon TW, Ashpis DE. Experimental investigation of transition to turbulence as affected by passing wakes, ASME paper, No. 2001-GT-0195, 2001.10.1115/2001-GT-0195Suche in Google Scholar
31. Wu X, Durbin PA. Evidence of longitudinal vortices evolved from distorted wakes in a turbine passage. J Fluid Mech 2001;446(446):199–228.10.1017/S0022112001005717Suche in Google Scholar
32. Mittal R, Venkatasubramanian S, Najjar PM. Large-eddy simulation of flow through a low-pressure turbine cascade, AIAA paper, No.2001-2560, 2001.10.2514/6.2001-2560Suche in Google Scholar
33. Michelassi V, Wissink J, Rodi W. Analysis of DNS and LES of flow in a low pressure turbine cascade with incoming wakes and comparison with experiments. Flow Turbul Combust 2002;69(3):295–329.10.1023/A:1027334303200Suche in Google Scholar
34. Suzen YB, Huang PG. Numerical simulation of unsteady wake/blade interactions in low-pressure turbine flows using an intermittency transport equation. ASME J Turbomach 2004;127(3):431–444.10.1115/GT2004-53630Suche in Google Scholar
35. Satta F, Ubaldi M, Zunino P, Schipani C. An experimental investigation of the wake shed from a high-lift low pressure turbine cascade at different reynolds numbers, ASME paper, GT2008-51157, 2008.10.1115/GT2008-51157Suche in Google Scholar
36. Cui J, Nagabhushana Rao V, Tucker PG. Numerical investigation of contrasting flow physics in different zones of a high-lift low pressure turbine blade. ASME J Turbomach 2015;138(1):011003–011003–10.10.1115/GT2015-43200Suche in Google Scholar
37. Opoka MM, Hodson HP. Experimental investigation of unsteady transition processes on high-lift T106A turbine blades. J Propul Power 2008;24(3):424–432.10.2514/1.31947Suche in Google Scholar
38. Jacobs RG, Durbin PA. Simulations of bypass transition. J Fluid Mech 2001;428:185–212.10.1017/S0022112000002469Suche in Google Scholar
39. Zhang XF, Hodson H. Effects of reynolds number and freestream turbulence intensity on the unsteady boundary layer development on an ultra-high-lift low pressure turbine airfoil. ASME J Turbomach 2010;132(1):1001–1010.10.1115/1.3106031Suche in Google Scholar
40. Schubauer GB, Klebanoff PS. Contributions on the mechanics of boundary layer transition, NACA TN 3489, 1955.Suche in Google Scholar
41. Curtis EM, Hodson HP, Banieghbal MR, Howell RJ, Harvey NW. Development of blade profiles for low-pressure turbine applications. ASME J Turbomach 1997;119(3):531–538.10.1115/96-GT-358Suche in Google Scholar
© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Research Articles
- Combined Flow Control of Positively Bowed Blade and Vortex Generator Jet on a Compressor Cascade
- Design and Numerical Investigations on a Dual-Duct Variable Geometry RBCC Inlet
- Film Cooling Experimental Study on Sinusoidal Corrugated Liner for Afterburner
- Fatigue Life Prediction of Fan Blade Using Nominal Stress Method and Cumulative Fatigue Damage Theory
- Investigation of Flow Distortion Generated Forced Response of a Radial Turbine with Vaneless Volute
- A Comparison of the Wake Effects Generated by the Biased Triangle Bar and Traditional Cylinder Bar to the Boundary Layer on Suction Surface of LPT Blade
- Exergetic, Exergoeconomic, Sustainability and Environmental Damage Cost Analyses of J85 Turbojet Engine with Afterburner
- Large Eddy Simulation of Secondary Flows in an Ultra-High Lift Low Pressure Turbine Cascade at Various Inlet Incidences
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Research Articles
- Combined Flow Control of Positively Bowed Blade and Vortex Generator Jet on a Compressor Cascade
- Design and Numerical Investigations on a Dual-Duct Variable Geometry RBCC Inlet
- Film Cooling Experimental Study on Sinusoidal Corrugated Liner for Afterburner
- Fatigue Life Prediction of Fan Blade Using Nominal Stress Method and Cumulative Fatigue Damage Theory
- Investigation of Flow Distortion Generated Forced Response of a Radial Turbine with Vaneless Volute
- A Comparison of the Wake Effects Generated by the Biased Triangle Bar and Traditional Cylinder Bar to the Boundary Layer on Suction Surface of LPT Blade
- Exergetic, Exergoeconomic, Sustainability and Environmental Damage Cost Analyses of J85 Turbojet Engine with Afterburner
- Large Eddy Simulation of Secondary Flows in an Ultra-High Lift Low Pressure Turbine Cascade at Various Inlet Incidences
