Lightweight Magnesium Bipolar Plates of Direct NaBH4/H2O2 Fuel Cell for AIP Application
-
Jihyun Kim
Abstract
Fuel cell based power systems have high energy density. However, using H2 gas as fuel and O2 as oxidizer in aerospace, UAV or underwater like an AIP (Air Independent Propulsion) environment has restrictions in terms of efficient storage. The direct borohydride hydrogen peroxide fuel cell (DBPFC) which uses aqueous NaBH4 solution as fuel and H2O2 solution as oxidizer has great advantages over the H2/O2 fuel cell in terms of storage efficiency, energy density and power density. These excellent characteristics make the DBPFC an appropriate power source and propulsion system for AIP systems. In this study, lightweight magnesium bipolar plates for DBPFC has been fabricated and evaluated for application in unmanned underwater vehicles. Although magnesium has many favorable properties such as lightweight, high electric conductivity and machinability, low corrosion resistance restricted its use as a bipolar plate. Corrosion resistive metal, Au electroplated magnesium bipolar plates exhibited the highest power density and the promising candidate for future aerospace, UAV and underwater propulsion systems.
Funding statement: Funding: This work has been supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MEST) (No. 2012R1A2A1A05026398) and the High-Speed Vehicle Research Center of KAIST with the support of Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA) and Agency for Defense Development (ADD).
Acknowledgements
This paper is based on presentation in APCATS 2015.
Submission declaration
This paper has not been published previously and it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.
References
1. RossDK. Hydrogen storage: the major technological barrier to the development of hydrogen fuel cell cars. Vacuum2006;80:1084–9.10.1016/j.vacuum.2006.03.030Search in Google Scholar
2. HwangJJ, WangDY, ShihNC. Development of a lightweight fuel cell vehicle. J Power Sources2005;141:108–15.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.08.056Search in Google Scholar
3. WeeJH. Applications of proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems. Renew Sust Energy Rev2007;11:1720–38.10.1016/j.rser.2006.01.005Search in Google Scholar
4. OhT, JangB, KwonS. Electrocatalysts supported on multiwalled carbon nanotubes for direct borohydride-hydrogen peroxide fuel cell. Int J Hydrogen Energ2014;39:6977–86.10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.02.117Search in Google Scholar
5. GuLF, LuoN, MileyGH. Cathode electrocatalyst selection and deposition for a direct borohydride/hydrogen peroxide fuel cell. J Power Sources2007;173:77–85.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.05.005Search in Google Scholar
6. ChoudhuryNA, RamanRK, SampathS, ShuklaAK. An alkaline direct borohydride fuel cell with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. J Power Sources2005;143:1–8.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.08.059Search in Google Scholar
7. JangB, OhTH, KwonS. Effect of heat treatment of electrodes on direct borohydride-hydrogen peroxide fuel cell performance. J Power Sources2014;268:63–8.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.05.126Search in Google Scholar
8. SantosDMF, SequeiraCAC. Polymeric membranes for direct borohydride fuel cells: a comparative study. ECS Transactions2010;25:111–22.10.1149/1.3315178Search in Google Scholar
9. LuoN, MileyGH, MatherJ, BurtonR, HawkinsG, ByrdE, et al. Engineering of the bipolar stack of a direct NaBH4 fuel cell. J Power Sources2008;185:356–62.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.06.051Search in Google Scholar
10. LuoN, MileyGH, KimKJ, BurtonR, HuangXY. NaBH4/H2O2 fuel cells for air independent power systems. J Power Sources2008;185:685–90.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.08.090Search in Google Scholar
11. MaJ, SahaiY, BuchheitRG. Direct borohydride fuel cell using ni-based composite anodes. J Power Sources2010;195:4709–13.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.02.034Search in Google Scholar
12. RamanRK, PrashantSK, ShuklaAKA. 28-W portable direct borohydride-hydrogen peroxide fuel-cell stack. J Power Sources2006;162:1073–6.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.07.059Search in Google Scholar
13. StromanRO, JacksonGS. Modeling the performance of an ideal NaBH4-H2O2 direct borohydride fuel cell. J Power Sources2014;247:756–69.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.08.100Search in Google Scholar
14. de LeonCP, WalshFC, PletcherD, BrowningDJ, LakemanJB. Direct borohydride fuel cells. J Power Sources2006;155:172–81.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.01.011Search in Google Scholar
15. WuHJ, WangC, LiuZX, MaoZQ. Influence of operation conditions on direct NaBH4/H2O2 fuel cell performance. Int J Hydrogen Energ2010;35:2648–51.10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.04.020Search in Google Scholar
16. SantosDMF, SaturninoPG, LoboRFM, SequeiraCAC. Direct borohydride/peroxide fuel cells using prussian blue cathodes. J Power Sources2012;208:131–7.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.02.016Search in Google Scholar
17. SantosDMF, SequeiraCAC. Zinc negative electrode for direct borohydride fuel cells. ECS Trans2009;16:123–37.10.1149/1.3157943Search in Google Scholar
18. CaoDX, GaoYY, WangGL, MiaoRR, LiuY. A direct NaBH4-H2O2 fuel cell using ni foam supported au nanoparticles as electrodes. Int J Hydrogen Energ2010;35:807–13.10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.11.026Search in Google Scholar
19. YiLH, SongYF, WangXY, YiLL, HuJF, SuG, et al. Carbon supported palladium hollow nanospheres as anode catalysts for direct borohydride-hydrogen peroxide fuel cells. J Power Sources2012;205:63–70.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.01.017Search in Google Scholar
20. ArgesCG, PrabhakaranV, WangLH, RamaniV. Bipolar polymer electrolyte interfaces for hydrogen-oxygen and direct borohydride fuel cells. Int J Hydrogen Energ2014;39:14312–21.10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.04.099Search in Google Scholar
21. RamanRK, ShuklaAK. A direct borohydride/hydrogen peroxide fuel cell with reduced alkali crossover. Fuel Cells2007;7:225–31.10.1002/fuce.200600023Search in Google Scholar
22. ChengH, ScottK. Influence of operation conditions on direct borohydride fuel cell performance. J Power Sources2006;160:407–12.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.01.097Search in Google Scholar
23. CelikC, SanFGB, SaracHI. Effects of operation conditions on direct borohydride fuel cell performance. J Power Sources2008;185:197–201.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.06.066Search in Google Scholar
24. MileyGH, LuoN, MatherJ, BurtonR, HawkinsG, GuLF, et al. Direct NaBH4/H2O2 fuel cells. J Power Sources2007;165:509–16.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.10.062Search in Google Scholar
25. TawfikH, HungY, MahajanD. Metal bipolar plates for PEM fuel cell – A review. J Power Sources2007;163:755–67.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.09.088Search in Google Scholar
26. AntunesRA, OliveiraMCL, EttG, EttV. Corrosion of metal bipolar plates for PEM fuel cells: A review. Int J Hydrogen Energ2010;35:3632–47.10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.01.059Search in Google Scholar
27. ParkT, OhJ, KimK, KwonS. Evaluation of silver-coated magnesium bipolar plate for lightweight PEM fuel cell stack. Int J Green Energy2014. in press.10.1080/15435075.2014.882841Search in Google Scholar
28. A.S. Woodman EBA, K.D. Jayne, and M.C. Kimble. Development of Corrosion-Resistant Coatings for Fuel Cell Bipolar Plates. American Electroplaters and Surface Finishers Society, AESF SUR/FIN ‘99 Proceedings. 1999.Search in Google Scholar
29. WangHL, SweikartMA, TurnerJA. Stainless steel as bipolar plate material for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. J Power Sources2003;115:243–51.10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00023-5Search in Google Scholar
30. WeiJL, WangXY, WangY, GuoJ, HePY, YangSY, et al. Carbon-supported au hollow nanospheres as anode catalysts for direct borohydride-hydrogen peroxide fuel cells. Energy Fuel2009;23:4037–41.10.1021/ef900186mSearch in Google Scholar
©2015 by De Gruyter
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Numerical Modeling of Unsteady Oil Film Motion Characteristics in Bearing Chambers
- Frequency Domain Identification of Multivariable Model for Aero-Engine using an Improved Maximum Likelihood Method
- Compressor Instability Active Control via Closed-Coupled Valve and Throttle Actuators
- Tab Aspect Ratio Effect on Supersonic Jet Mixing
- The Rotating Cavitation Performance of a Centrifugal Pump with a Splitter-Bladed Inducer under Different Rotational Speed
- Global Needs for Jet-Engine-Steered (JES) Strike Drones vs. Lack of Updated Textbooks to Design 6th Generation UCLASS Due to UCAV Failure
- Lightweight Magnesium Bipolar Plates of Direct NaBH4/H2O2 Fuel Cell for AIP Application
- Multidisciplinary Design Exploration for Sounding Launch Vehicle using Hybrid Rocket Engine in View of Ballistic Performance
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Numerical Modeling of Unsteady Oil Film Motion Characteristics in Bearing Chambers
- Frequency Domain Identification of Multivariable Model for Aero-Engine using an Improved Maximum Likelihood Method
- Compressor Instability Active Control via Closed-Coupled Valve and Throttle Actuators
- Tab Aspect Ratio Effect on Supersonic Jet Mixing
- The Rotating Cavitation Performance of a Centrifugal Pump with a Splitter-Bladed Inducer under Different Rotational Speed
- Global Needs for Jet-Engine-Steered (JES) Strike Drones vs. Lack of Updated Textbooks to Design 6th Generation UCLASS Due to UCAV Failure
- Lightweight Magnesium Bipolar Plates of Direct NaBH4/H2O2 Fuel Cell for AIP Application
- Multidisciplinary Design Exploration for Sounding Launch Vehicle using Hybrid Rocket Engine in View of Ballistic Performance
