Role of neuroimaging in drug development

References

Acton, P.D., Hou, C., Kung, M.P., Plossl, K., Keeney, C.L., and Kung, H.F. (2002). Occupancy of dopamine D 2 receptors in the mouse brain measured using ultra-high-resolution single-photon emission tomography and [123 I] IBF. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging. 29, 1507–1515.10.1007/s00259-002-0903-5Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Agdeppa, E.D., Kepe, V., Liu, J., Small, G.W., Huang, S.C., Petric, A., Satyamurthy, N., and Barrio, J.R. (2003). 2-Dialkylamino-6-acylmalononitrile substituted naphthalenes (DDNP analogs): novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools in Alzheimer’s disease. Mol. Imaging Biol. 5, 404–417.10.1016/j.mibio.2003.09.010Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Bailey, D.L., Townsend, D.W., Valk, P.E., and Maisey, M.N. (2004). Positron Emission Tomography: Basic Sciences. 1st edn. (New York, US: Springer). ISBN: 978-1-84628-007-8.Search in Google Scholar

Banati, R.B. (2002). Visualising microglial activation in vivo. Glia. 40, 206–217.10.1002/glia.10144Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Bard, F., Cannon, C., Barbour, R., Burke, R.L., Games, D., Grajeda, H., Guido, T., Hu, K., Huang, J., and Johnson-Wood, K. (2000). Peripherally administered antibodies against amyloid beta-peptide enter the central nervous system and reduce pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease. Nat. Med. 6, 916–919.10.1038/78682Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Benveniste, H., Einstein, G., Kim, K.R., Hulette, C., and Johnson, G.A. (1999). Detection of neuritic plaques in Alzheimer’s disease by magnetic resonance microscopy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 14079–14084.10.1073/pnas.96.24.14079Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

Blankenberg, F.G. and Strauss, H.W. (2002). Nuclear medicine applications in molecular imaging. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 16, 352–361.10.1002/jmri.10171Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Borthakur, A., Gur, T., Wheaton, A.J., Corbo, M., Trojanowski, J.Q., Lee, V.M.Y., and Reddy, R. (2006). In vivo measurement of plaque burden in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 24, 1011–1017.10.1002/jmri.20751Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

Braakman, N., Matysik, J., van Duinen, S.G., Verbeek, F., Schliebs, R., de Groot, H.J.M., and Alia, A. (2006). Longitudinal assessment of Alzheimer’s beta-amyloid plaque development in transgenic mice monitored by in vivo magnetic resonance microimaging. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 24, 530–536.10.1002/jmri.20675Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Brunner, M. and Langer, O. (2006). Microdialysis versus other techniques for the clinical assessment of in vivo tissue drug distribution. AAPS J. 8, 263–271.10.1007/BF02854896Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

Burns, H.D., Van Laere, K., Sanabria-Bohórquez, S., Hamill, T.G., Bormans, G., Eng, W., Gibson, R., Ryan, C., Connolly, B., Patel, S., et al. (2007). [¹⁸F]MK-9470, a positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for in vivo human PET brain imaging of the cannabinoid-1 receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104, 9800–9805.10.1073/pnas.0703472104Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

Cagnin, A., Brooks, D.J., Kennedy, A.M., Gunn, R.N., Myers, R., Turkheimer, F.E., Jones, T., and Banati, R.B. (2001). In-vivo measurement of activated microglia in dementia. Lancet. 358, 461–467.10.1016/S0140-6736(01)05625-2Search in Google Scholar

Chamberlain, R., Wengenack, T.M., Poduslo, J.F., Garwood, M., and Jack Jr, C.R. (2011). Magnetic resonance imaging of amyloid plaques in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease. Curr. Med. Imaging Rev. 7, 3–7.10.2174/157340511794653522Search in Google Scholar

Colby, L.A. and Morenko, B.J. (2004). Clinical considerations in rodent bioimaging. Comp. Med. 54, 623–630.Search in Google Scholar

Dhenain, M., El Tannir El Tayara, N., Wu, T.D., Guegan, M., Volk, A., Quintana, C., and Delatour, B. (2009). Characterization of in vivo MRI detectable thalamic amyloid plaques from APP/PS1 mice. Neurobiol. Aging. 30, 41–53.10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.05.018Search in Google Scholar

DiMasi, J.A., Hansen, R.W., and Grabowski, H.G. (2003). The price of innovation: new estimates of drug development costs. J. Health Econ. 22, 151–186.10.1016/S0167-6296(02)00126-1Search in Google Scholar

Eckelman, W.C., Reba, R.C., Gibson, R.E., Rzeszotarski, W.J., Vieras, F., Mazaitis, J.K., and Francis, B. (1979). Receptor-binding radiotracers: a class of potential radiopharmaceuticals. J. Nucl. Med. 20, 350–357.Search in Google Scholar

Erondu, N., Gantz, I., Musser, B., Suryawanshi, S., Mallick, M., Addy, C., Cote, J., Bray, G., Fujioka, K., and Bays, H. (2006). Neuropeptide Y5 receptor antagonism does not induce clinically meaningful weight loss in overweight and obese adults. Cell Metab. 4, 275–282.10.1016/j.cmet.2006.08.002Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Gerdelat-Mas, A., Loubinoux, I., Tombari, D., Rascol, O., Chollet, F., and Simonetta-Moreau, M. (2005). Chronic administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) paroxetine modulates human motor cortex excitability in healthy subjects. Neuroimage. 27, 314–322.10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.05.009Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Goekoop, R., Rombouts, S.A.R.B., Jonker, C., Hibbel, A., Knol, D.L., Truyen, L., Barkhof, F., and Scheltens, P. (2004). Challenging the cholinergic system in mild cognitive impairment: a pharmacological fMRI study. Neuroimage. 23, 1450–1459.10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.08.006Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Haacke, E.M., Brown, R.W., Thompson, M.R., and Venkatesan, R. (1999). Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Physical Principles and Sequence Design (New York: A John Wiley and Sons).Search in Google Scholar

Hargreaves, R. (2008). The role of molecular imaging in drug discovery and development. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 83, 349–353.10.1038/sj.clpt.6100467Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Honey, G. and Bullmore, E. (2004). Human pharmacological MRI. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 25, 366–374.10.1016/j.tips.2004.05.009Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Hume, S.P., Gunn, R.N., and Jones, T. (1998). Pharmacological constraints associated with positron emission tomographic scanning of small laboratory animals. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 25, 173–176.10.1007/s002590050211Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Jack, C.R., Garwood, M., Wengenack, T.M., Borowski, B., Curran, G.L., Lin, J., Adriany, G., Grahmn, O.H.J., Grimm, R., and Poduslo, J.F. (2004). In vivo visualization of Alzheimer’s amyloid plaques by magnetic resonance imaging in transgenic mice without a contrast agent. Magn. Reson. Med. 52, 1263–1271.10.1002/mrm.20266Search in Google Scholar

Kalen, J.D., Hirsch, J.I., Kurdziel, K.A., Eckelman, W.C., and Kiesewetter, D.O. (2007). Automated synthesis of 18F analogue of paclitaxel (PAC): [18F] Paclitaxel (FPAC). Appl. Radiat. Isot. 65, 696–700.10.1016/j.apradiso.2006.10.015Search in Google Scholar

Keller, M.D., Galloway, G.J., and Pollitt, C.C. (2006). Magnetic resonance microscopy of the equine hoof wall: a study of resolution and potential. Equine. Vet. J. 38, 461–466.10.2746/042516406778400565Search in Google Scholar

Kumar, P., Singh, B., Sharma, S., Ghai, A., Chuttani, K., Mishra, A.K., Dhawan, D.K., and Mittal, B.R. (2012). Pre-clinical evaluation of [^99m]Tc labeled doxorubicin as a potential scintigraphic probe for tumor imaging. Cancer Biother. Radiopharmaceut. 27, 221–225.10.1089/cbr.2011.1086Search in Google Scholar

Kuntner, C., Kesner, A.L., Bauer, M., Kremslehner, R., Wanek, T., Mandler, M., Karch, R., Stanek, J., Wolf, T., and Müller, M., (2009). Limitations of small animal PET imaging with [18 F] FDDNP and FDG for quantitative studies in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Mol. Imaging Biol. 11, 236–240.10.1007/s11307-009-0198-zSearch in Google Scholar

Lacan, G., Kesner, A.L., Gangloff, A., Zheng, L., Czernin, J., Melega, W.P., and Silverman, D.H.S. (2005). Synthesis of 2-[(2-chloro-2′-[18F]fluoroethyl)amino]-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorinane-2-oxide (18F-fluorocyclophosphamide) a potential tracer for breast tumor prognostic imaging with PET. J. Label. Comp. Radiopharm. 48, 635–643.10.1002/jlcr.954Search in Google Scholar

Langer, O. and Muller, M. (2004). Methods to assess tissue-specific distribution and metabolism of drugs. Curr. Drug Metab. 5, 463–481.10.2174/1389200043335379Search in Google Scholar

Logan, J. (2003). A review of graphical methods for tracer studies and strategies to reduce bias. Nucl. Med. Biol. 30, 833–844.10.1016/S0969-8051(03)00114-8Search in Google Scholar

McGeer, P.L., Itagaki, S., Boyes, B.E., and McGeer, E.G. (1988). Reactive microglia are positive for HLA-DR in the substantia nigra of Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease brains. Neurology. 38, 1285–1285.10.1212/WNL.38.8.1285Search in Google Scholar

Meikle, S.R., Kench, P., Kassiou, M., and Banati, R.B. (2005). Small animal SPECT and its place in the matrix of molecular imaging technologies. Phys. Med. Biol. 50, R45.10.1088/0031-9155/50/22/R01Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Muller, U., Suckling, J., Zelaya, F., Honey, G., Faessel, H., Williams, S.C.R., Routledge, C., Brown, J., Robbins, T.W., and Bullmore, E.T. (2005). Plasma level-dependent effects of methylphenidate on task-related functional magnetic resonance imaging signal changes. Psychopharmacol. 180, 624–633.10.1007/s00213-005-2264-9Search in Google Scholar

Murgo, A.J., Kummar, S., Rubinstein, L., Gutierrez, M., Collins, J., Kinders, R., Parchment, R.E., Ji, J., Steinberg, S.M., and Yang, S.X. (2008). Designing phase 0 cancer clinical trials. Clin. Cancer Res. 14, 3675–3682.10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-4560Search in Google Scholar

Nichol, C. and Kim, E.E. (2001). Molecular imaging and gene therapy. J. Nucl. Med. 42, 1368–1374.Search in Google Scholar

Olsen, A.K., Keiding, S., and Munk, O.L. (2006). Effect of hypercapnia on cerebral blood flow and blood volume in pigs studied by positron emission tomography. Comp. Med. 56, 416–420.Search in Google Scholar

Phelps, M.E. (2000). PET: the merging of biology and imaging into molecular imaging. J. Nucl. Med. 41, 661–681.Search in Google Scholar

Prokop, M., Galanski, M., van der Molen, A., and Schaefer-Prokop, C. (2003). Spiral and multislice computed tomography of the body. 1st edition, New York, USA: Thieme. ISBN: 9783131164810.Search in Google Scholar

Reiman, E.M. and Langbaum, J.B.S. (2009). Brain Imaging in the Evaluation of Putative Alzheimer’s Disease Slowing. Risk-Reducing and Prevention Therapies (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press), pp. 319–350.Search in Google Scholar

Reiman, E.M., Langbaum, J.B.S., and Tariot, P.N. (2010). Alzheimer’s prevention initiative: a proposal to evaluate presymptomatic treatments as quickly as possible. Biomarkers 4, 3–14.10.2217/bmm.09.91Search in Google Scholar

Singh, B., Sunil, H.V., Sharma, S., Prasad, V., Kashyap, R., Bhattacharya, A., Mittal, B.R., Taneja, A., Rai, R., Goni, V.G., et al. (2008). Efficacy of indigenously developed single vial kit preparation of ^99mTc-ciprofloxacin in the detection of bacterial infection: an Indian experience. Nucl. Med. Commun. 29, 1123–1129.10.1097/MNM.0b013e328318b369Search in Google Scholar

Stein, E.A., Pankiewicz, J., Harsch, H.H., Cho, J.K., Fuller, S.A., Hoffmann, R.G., Hawkins, M., Rao, S.M., Bandettini, P.A., and Bloom, A.S. (1998). Nicotine-induced limbic cortical activation in the human brain: a functional MRI study. Am. J. Psychiatry 155, 1009–1015.10.1176/ajp.155.8.1009Search in Google Scholar

Talbot, P.S., and Laruelle, M. (2002). The role of in vivo molecular imaging with PET and SPECT in the elucidation of psychiatric drug action and new drug development. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 12, 503–511.10.1016/S0924-977X(02)00099-8Search in Google Scholar

Tan, J., Town, T., and Mullan, M. (2002). CD40-CD40L interaction in Alzheimer’s disease. Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 2, 445–451.10.1016/S1471-4892(02)00180-7Search in Google Scholar

Tempany, C.M. and McNeil, B.J. (2001). Advances in biomedical imaging. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 285, 562–567.10.1001/jama.285.5.562Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Teng, E., Kepe, V., Frautschy, S.A., Liu, J., Satyamurthy, N., Yang, F., Chen, P.P., Cole, G.B., Jones, M.R., Huang, S.C., et al. (2011). [F-18]FDDNP microPET imaging correlates with brain Aβ burden in a transgenic rat model of Alzheimer disease: effects of aging, in vivo blockade, and anti-Aβ antibody treatment. Neurobiol. Dis. 43, 565–575.10.1016/j.nbd.2011.05.003Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

Toyama, H., Ye, D., Ichise, M., Liow, J.S., Cai, L., Jacobowitz, D., Musachio, J.L., Hong, J., Crescenzo, M., Tipre, D., et al. (2005). PET imaging of brain with the beta-amyloid probe,[11 C] 6-OH-BTA-1, in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 32, 593–600.10.1007/s00259-005-1780-5Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Turner, D.C., Robbins, T.W., Clark, L., Aron, A.R., Dowson, J., and Sahakian, B.J. (2003). Relative lack of cognitive effects of methylphenidate in elderly male volunteers. Psychopharmacology 168, 455–464.10.1007/s00213-003-1457-3Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Vanhoutte, G., Dewachter, I., Borghgraef, P., Van Leuven, F., and Van der Linden, A. (2005). Noninvasive in vivo MRI detection of neuritic plaques associated with iron in APP [V717I] transgenic mice, a model for Alzheimer’s disease. Magn. Reson. Med. 53, 607–613.10.1002/mrm.20385Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Venneti, S., Lopresti, B.J., Wang, G., Hamilton, R.L., Mathis, C.A., Klunk, W.E., Apte, U.M., and Wiley, C.A. (2009). PK11195 labels activated microglia in Alzheimer’s disease and in vivo in a mouse model using PET. Neurobiol Aging. 30, 1217–1226.10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.11.005Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

Vollm, B.A., de Araujo, I.E., Cowen, P.J., Rolls, E.T., Kringelbach, M.L., Smith, K.A., Jezzard, P., Heal, R.J., and Matthews, P.M. (2004). Methamphetamine activates reward circuitry in drug naive human subjects. Neuropsychopharmacol. 29, 1715–1722.10.1038/sj.npp.1300481Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Wilcock, D.M., Rojiani, A., Rosenthal, A., Levkowitz, G., Subbarao, S., Alamed, J., Wilson, D., Wilson, N., Freeman, M.J., and Gordon, M.N. (2004). Passive amyloid immunotherapy clears amyloid and transiently activates microglia in a transgenic mouse model of amyloid deposition. J. Neurosci. 24, 6144–6151.10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1090-04.2004Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

Yang, D., Xie, Z., Stephenson, D., Morton, D., Hicks, C.D., Brown, T.M., Sriram, R., O’Neill, S., Raunig, D., and Bocan, T. (2011). Volumetric MRI and MRS provide sensitive measures of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology in inducible Tau transgenic mice (rTg4510). Neuroimage. 54, 2652–2658.10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.10.067Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Zhang, J., Yarowsky, P., Gordon, M.N., Di Carlo, G., Munireddy, S., van Zijl, P., and Mori, S. (2004). Detection of amyloid plaques in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease by magnetic resonance imaging. Magn. Reson. Med. 51, 452–457.10.1002/mrm.10730Search in Google Scholar PubMed