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Quantification of sp2 carbon nanomaterials in biological systems: pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and ecological uptake

  • Fumin Xue

    Fumin Xue received his BS from the College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at University of Jinan in 2003. He obtained his PhD at Peking University in 2010. Since 2010, he joined Shandong Provincial Analysis and Tester Center, Shandong Academy of Science in China as an assistant professor. His research interests include the preparation of multifunctional nanomaterial-based graphene oxide and lanthanide complexes and their applications in biological science and environment analysis.

    , Sheng-Tao Yang

    Sheng-Tao Yang received his BSc in 2006 and PhD in 2011 at Peking University majoring in chemistry. He was a research scholar at Clemson University from 2008 to 2009. He also worked as a visiting scholar at Hunan University during 2011–2012. Since 2011, he joined the College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities in China as an assistant professor. He was promoted to associate professor in 2013. His research interests are primarily in the preparation, environmental applications, and biosafety of carbon nanomaterials.

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    , Lingyun Chen

    Lingyun Chen is obtained his BS degree in Chemical Engineering from the Southwest University for Nationalities in 2015. He is pursuing his master’s degree at the Southwest University for Nationalities under the supervision of Prof. Sheng-Tao Yang. His research focuses on the biosafety of carbon nanomaterials.

    , Xiao Wang

    Xiao Wang received his BS and PhD at the Shandong Agricultural University in 1995 and 2005, respectively. Since 2006, he joined the Shandong Provincial Analysis and Tester Center, Shandong Academy of Science in China as a professor. He mainly engaged in the research on the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) resources and the quality control of TCM.

    and Zhenhua Wang

    Zhenhua Wang received his PhD in 2010 at the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He joined the Shandong Provincial Analysis and Tester Center, Shandong Academy of Science in China in 2011, and now he is an associate professor. His research interests include the preparation of multifunctional nanomaterials and their application in the environment analysis and the biogeochemical cycling of heavy metal in the environment.

Published/Copyright: September 15, 2015

Abstract

The sp2 carbon nanomaterials have fantastic properties and hold great potential in diverse areas, including electronics, energy, environment, biomedicine, and so on. The wide applications of sp2 carbon nanomaterials require the thorough investigations on their biosafety. The quantification of sp2 carbon nanomaterials is the first and crucial step in the biosafety evaluations. In this review, we summarized the quantification technologies for sp2 carbon nanomaterials and compared the advantages/disadvantages of these technologies. The pharmacokinetics, the biodistribution, and the ecological uptake of sp2 carbon nanomaterials were achieved by using the quantification technologies. Furthermore, the influence factors such as surface modification, size, shape, and exposure pathway were concerned, and the general rules in the biological behaviors of sp2 carbon nanomaterials were proposed. The implications to the biomedical applications and biosafety evaluations of sp2 carbon nanomaterials are discussed.


Corresponding author: Sheng-Tao Yang, College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China, e-mail:

About the authors

Fumin Xue

Fumin Xue received his BS from the College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at University of Jinan in 2003. He obtained his PhD at Peking University in 2010. Since 2010, he joined Shandong Provincial Analysis and Tester Center, Shandong Academy of Science in China as an assistant professor. His research interests include the preparation of multifunctional nanomaterial-based graphene oxide and lanthanide complexes and their applications in biological science and environment analysis.

Sheng-Tao Yang

Sheng-Tao Yang received his BSc in 2006 and PhD in 2011 at Peking University majoring in chemistry. He was a research scholar at Clemson University from 2008 to 2009. He also worked as a visiting scholar at Hunan University during 2011–2012. Since 2011, he joined the College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities in China as an assistant professor. He was promoted to associate professor in 2013. His research interests are primarily in the preparation, environmental applications, and biosafety of carbon nanomaterials.

Lingyun Chen

Lingyun Chen is obtained his BS degree in Chemical Engineering from the Southwest University for Nationalities in 2015. He is pursuing his master’s degree at the Southwest University for Nationalities under the supervision of Prof. Sheng-Tao Yang. His research focuses on the biosafety of carbon nanomaterials.

Xiao Wang

Xiao Wang received his BS and PhD at the Shandong Agricultural University in 1995 and 2005, respectively. Since 2006, he joined the Shandong Provincial Analysis and Tester Center, Shandong Academy of Science in China as a professor. He mainly engaged in the research on the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) resources and the quality control of TCM.

Zhenhua Wang

Zhenhua Wang received his PhD in 2010 at the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He joined the Shandong Provincial Analysis and Tester Center, Shandong Academy of Science in China in 2011, and now he is an associate professor. His research interests include the preparation of multifunctional nanomaterials and their application in the environment analysis and the biogeochemical cycling of heavy metal in the environment.

Acknowledgments

We acknowledge financial support from the China Natural Science Foundation (grant nos. 21307101 and 21277084), the Scientific Research Foundation of Shandong Province of Outstanding Young Scientist Award (grant no. BS2011SW031), and the Project of Postgraduate Degree Construction, Southwest University for Nationalities (grant no. 2015XWD-S0703).

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Received: 2015-7-3
Accepted: 2015-8-15
Published Online: 2015-9-15
Published in Print: 2015-12-1

©2015 by De Gruyter

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