Startseite Demographic, socio-economic and behavior as risk factors of tuberculosis in Malaysia: a systematic review of the literature
Artikel
Lizenziert
Nicht lizenziert Erfordert eine Authentifizierung

Demographic, socio-economic and behavior as risk factors of tuberculosis in Malaysia: a systematic review of the literature

  • Nur Adibah Mohidem , Zailina Hashim EMAIL logo , Malina Osman , Rafiza Shaharudin , Farrah Melissa Muharam und Punitha Makeswaran
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 16. Oktober 2018
Reviews on Environmental Health
Aus der Zeitschrift Reviews on Environmental Health Band 33 Heft 4

Abstract

Background

Tuberculosis (TB) is making a comeback and has remained one of the main causes of mortality among the list of infectious diseases in Malaysia.

Objective

To evaluate the burden and demographic, socio-economic and behavior as risk factors of TB among communities in Malaysia.

Method

A comprehensive search of Scopus, Sciencedirect, PubMed, DOAJ, CINAHL Plus, MyJournal, BIREME, BMC Public Health, Medline, CAB, EMBASE (Excerpta Medica dataBASE), and Web of Science (WoS) was undertaken from the articles published from 1st January 2008 to 31st December 2017 using medical subject heading (MeSH) key terms.

Results

Of 717 papers screened, 31 eligible studies met our inclusion criteria. Gender, age, marriage status, ethnicity, area of living, being in prison and immigrant were evaluated as demographic factors, while educational level, occupation and household income were evaluated as socio-economic factors. For behavioral factors, smoking, drug abuse, alcohol consumption and other lifestyle practices were evaluated. However, not all the studies were statistically significantly associated with these risk factors. Studies on household income were few and too small to permit a conclusion. We also did not find any study that investigated TB infection among sex workers.

Conclusion

Immigrant in high density settings may increase the progression of disease infection in Malaysia. The risk factors for the development of TB, specifically in a high-risk population, should be targeted through the implementation of specialized interventions. Further research into the role of indoor and outdoor physical environments is required to better understand the association between the physical environment and the social environment with TB infection.

Keywords: behavioral; demographic; risk factors; socio-economic; tuberculosis

  1. Research funding: This study was funded by the Geran Putra Institut Pengajian Siswazah (IPS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Grant Number: GP-IPS/2018/9613800.

  2. Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  3. Informed consent: Informed consent is not applicable.

  4. Ethical approval: The conducted research is not related to either human or animal use.

References

1. World Health Organization. In: Global tuberculosis report 2017. Geneva: WHO. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/259366/9789241565516-eng.pdf;jsessionid=5CCA27FE2E9F6BFCD227B96125049254?sequence=1.Suche in Google Scholar

2. Ministry of Health Malaysia. Communicable disease control division. National tuberculosis control programme. Annual Report; 2016.Suche in Google Scholar

3. Rosser A, Marx FM, Pareek M. Recurrent tuberculosis in the pre-elimination era. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018;22(2):139–50.10.5588/ijtld.17.0590Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

4. Khajanchi S, Das DK, Kar TK. Dynamics of tuberculosis transmission with exogenous reinfections and endogenous reactivation. Physica A Stat Mech Appl 2018;497:52–71.10.1016/j.physa.2018.01.014Suche in Google Scholar

5. Shahidatul-Adha M, Zunaina E, Liza-Sharmini AT, Wan-Hazabbah WH, Shatriah I, Mohtar I, et al. Ocular tuberculosis in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia – A case series. Ann Med Surg 2017;24:25–30.10.1016/j.amsu.2017.10.003Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

6. Dias A, Gaio R, Sousa P, Gomes M, Oliveira O, Duarte R. Migration flow and its impact on tuberculosis notification in Portugal. Arch Bronconeumol (English Edition) 2018;54(1):18–23.10.1016/j.arbr.2017.07.017Suche in Google Scholar

7. Wong J, Lowenthal P, Flood J, Watt J, Barry PM. Increased tuberculosis risk among immigrants arriving in California with abnormal domestic chest radiographs. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018;22(1):73–9.10.5588/ijtld.17.0340Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

8. Di Nuzzo M, Trentini A, Grilli A, Massoli L, Biagi E, Maritati M, et al. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis among immigrants in a low-TB burden and high immigrant receiving city of northern Italy. J Infect Dev Ctries 2018;12(02):73–9.10.3855/jidc.10167Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

9. Mendeley. Getting started with Mendeley. Mendeley Desktop. London, UK: 2017 Mendeley Ltd. Retrieved from http://www.mendeley.com/Suche in Google Scholar

10. Kurniawati F, Sulaiman SAS, Gillani SW. Study on drug-resistant tuberculosis and tuberculosis treatment on patients with drug resistant tuberculosis in chest clinic outpatient. Alcohol 2012;340:52–1.Suche in Google Scholar

11. Liew SM, Khoo EM, Ho BK, Lee YK, Mimi O, Fazlina MY, et al. Tuberculosis in Malaysia: predictors of treatment outcomes in a national registry. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2015;19(7):764–71.10.5588/ijtld.14.0767Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

12. Dujaili JA, Sulaiman SAS, Awaisu A, Muttalif AR, Blebil AQ. Outcomes of tuberculosis treatment: a retrospective cohort analysis of smoking versus non-smoking patients in Penang, Malaysia. J Public Health 2011;19(2):183–9.10.1007/s10389-010-0365-3Suche in Google Scholar

13. Khan AH, Sulaiman SAS, Muttalif AR, Hassali MA, Khan TM. Tuberculous lym-phadenitis at Penang General Hospital, Malaysia. Med Princ Pract 2011;20(1):80–4.10.1159/000319764Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

14. Shariff NM, Shah SA, Kamaludin F. Predictors of death among drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: a retrospective cohort study from 2009 to 2013. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2016;102–7.10.1016/j.jgar.2016.04.005Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

15. Aung MMT, Naing N, Rusli AM, Jaeb M, Zuki M, Wan-Arfah N, et al. Risk factors associated with recurrence of tuberculosis at the chest clinic, Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II Kota Bharu Malaysia. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2015;7(2):77.Suche in Google Scholar

16. Rafiza S, Rampal KG, Tahir A. Prevalence and risk factors of latent tuberculosis infection among health care workers in Malaysia. BMC Infect Dis 2011;11(1):19.10.1186/1471-2334-11-19Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

17. Syed Suleiman SA, Ishaq Aweis DM, Mohamed AJ, Razakmuttalif A, Moussa MAA. Role of diabetes in the prognosis and therapeutic outcome of tuberculosis. Int J Endocrinol 2012;2012:645362. doi: 10.1155/2012/645362. Epub 2012 Apr 18.10.1155/2012/645362Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

18. Kurniawati F, Sulaiman SAS, Gillani SW. Study on drug-resistant tuberculosis and tuberculosis treatment. Study on drug-resistant tuberculosis and tuberculosis treatment on patients with drug resistant tuberculosis in chest clinic outpatient department. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2012;4:733–7.Suche in Google Scholar

19. Elmi OS, Hasan H, Abdullah S, Jeab MZM, Zilfalil BA, Naing NN. Prevalence and associated factors with transmission of latent tuberculosis among household contacts of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Malaysia. WJMS 2014;10(3):285–94.Suche in Google Scholar

20. Jetan CA, Jamaiah I, Rohela M, Nissapatorn V. Tuberculosis: an eight year (2000–2007) retrospective study at the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2010;41(2):378–85.Suche in Google Scholar

21. Elmi OS, Hasan H, Abdullah S, Jeab MZM, Ba Z, Naing NN. Treatment outcomes of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) compared with non-MDR-TB infections in peninsular Malaysia. Malays J Med Sci 2016;23(4):17.10.21315/mjms2016.23.4.3Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

22. Nik NR, Mohd NS, Wan M, Sharina D, Nik RN. Factors associated with unsuccessful treatment outcome of pulmonary tuberculosis in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. MJPHM 2011;11:6–15.Suche in Google Scholar

23. Elmi OS, Hasan H, Abdullah S, Jeab MZM, Nadiah WA, Ba Z, et al. Factors associated with new and previously treated multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Malaysia: a retrospective record review study. Int Med J 2014;21(5):1–5.Suche in Google Scholar

24. William T, Parameswaran U, Lee WK, Yeo TW, Anstey NM, Ralph AP. Pulmonary tuberculosis in outpatients in Sabah, Malaysia: advanced disease but low incidence of HIV co-infection. BMC Infect Dis 2015;15(1):32.10.1186/s12879-015-0758-6Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

25. Atif M, Sulaiman SAS, Shafie AA, Asif M, Sarfraz MK, Low HC. Impact of tuberculosis treatment on health-related quality of life of pulmonary tuberculosis patients: a follow-up study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2014;12(1):19.10.1186/1477-7525-12-19Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

26. So H, Yuen CS, Yip RM. Comparison of a commercial interferon-gamma release assay and tuberculin skin test for the detection of latent tuberculosis infection in Hong Kong arthritis patients who are candidates for biologic agents. Hong Kong Med J 2017;23(3):246–50.10.12809/hkmj164880Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

27. Liu Y, Birch S, Newbold KB, Essue BM. Barriers to treatment adherence for individuals with latent tuberculosis infection: a systematic search and narrative synthesis of the literature. Int J Health Plann Manage 2018;1–18.10.1002/hpm.2495Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

28. Snow K, Hesseling AC, Naidoo P, Graham SM, Denholm J, du Preez K. Tuberculosis in adolescents and young adults: epidemiology and treatment outcomes in the Western Cape. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2017;21(6):651–7.10.5588/ijtld.16.0866Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

29. Kang W, Wu M, Yang K, Ertai A, Wu S, Geng S, et al. Factors associated with negative T-SPOT. TB results among smear-negative tuberculosis patients in China. Sci Rep 2018;8(1):4236.10.1038/s41598-018-22495-3Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

30. Sikjær MG, Løkke A, Hilberg O. The influence of psychiatric disorders on the course of lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and tuberculosis. Respir Med 2018;135:35–41.10.1016/j.rmed.2017.12.012Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

31. Suleiman S, Azhar S, Aweis I, Daud M, Mohamed AJ, RazakMuttalif A, et al. Role of diabetes in the prognosis and therapeutic outcome of tuberculosis. Int J Endocrinol 2012;2012:6. Article ID 645362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/645362.10.1155/2012/645362Suche in Google Scholar

32. Nguyen DT, Teeter LD, Graves J, Graviss EA. Characteristics associated with negative interferon-γ release assay results in culture-confirmed tuberculosis patients, Texas, USA, 2013–2015. Emerg Infect Dis 2018;24(3):534–40.10.3201/eid2403.171633Suche in Google Scholar

33. Duke T, Tom SK, Poka H, Welch H. Holistic care of complicated tuberculosis in healthcare settings with limited resources. Arch Dis Child 2017;102(12):1161–8.10.1136/archdischild-2017-313095Suche in Google Scholar

34. Shakri A, Bin MR, Zakaria RB, Samad A, Bin BH. Determining relationship between physical health care settings and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Appl Mechanics Mater 2011;90:2460–5.10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.90-93.2460Suche in Google Scholar

35. Azura S, Hussin S, Rahman MM. Drug resistance and susceptibility of mycobacterium tuberculosis identified at University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre. Pak J Med Sci 2011;27:1107–11.Suche in Google Scholar

36. Hwang YW, Lee YJ, Kong SY. Epidemiology and clinical outcomes of tuberculosis among homeless persons visiting emergency department in public hospital. Am J Emerg Med 2018;36(1):164–6.10.1016/j.ajem.2017.07.049Suche in Google Scholar

37. Kalan ME, Sis HY, Kelkar V, Harrison SH, Goins GD, Jafarabadi MA, et al. The identification of risk factors associated with patient and healthcare system delays in the treatment of tuberculosis in Tabriz, Iran. BMC Public Health 2018;18(1):174.10.1186/s12889-018-5066-9Suche in Google Scholar

38. Mokhtar KS, Rahman NHA. Social determinants of tuberculosis contagion in Malaysia. Ann Trop Med Public Health 2017;10(5):1215–20.10.4103/ATMPH.ATMPH_371_17Suche in Google Scholar

39. Issarow CM, Mulder N, Wood R. Environmental and social factors impacting on epidemic and endemic tuberculosis: a modelling analysis. R Soc Open Sci 2018;5(1):170726.10.1098/rsos.170726Suche in Google Scholar

40. Mehay A, Raj T, Altass L, Story A, Frater A. An audit of tuberculosis health services in prisons and immigration removal centres. J Public Health (UK) 2017;39(2):387–94.10.1093/pubmed/fdw033Suche in Google Scholar

41. Calligaro GL, Zijenah LS, Peter JG, Theron G, Buser V, McNerney R, et al. Effect of new tuberculosis diagnostic technologies on community-based intensified case finding: a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2017;17(4):441–50.10.1016/S1473-3099(16)30384-XSuche in Google Scholar

42. Arroyave L, Keynan Y, López L, Marin D, Arbeláez MP, Rueda ZV. Negative latent tuberculosis at time of incarceration: identifying a very high-risk group for infection. Epidemiol Infect 2017;145(12):2491–9.10.1017/S0950268817001558Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

43. Al-Darraji HAA, Tan C, Kamarulzaman A, Altice FL. Prevalence and correlates of latent tuberculosis infection among employees of a high security prison in Malaysia. Occup Environ Med 2015;72:442–7.10.1136/oemed-2014-102695Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

44. Adane K, Spigt M, Dinant GJ. Tuberculosis treatment outcome and predictors in northern Ethiopian prisons: a five-year retrospective analysis. BMC Pulm Med 2018;18(1):37.10.1186/s12890-018-0600-1Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

45. Adane K, Spigt M, Johanna L, Noortje D, Abera SF, Dinant GJ. Tuberculosis knowledge, attitudes, and practices among northern Ethiopian prisoners: implications for TB control efforts. PloS One 2017;12(3):e0174692.10.1371/journal.pone.0174692Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

46. Awaisu A, Nik Mohamed MH, Abd Aziz N, Syed Sulaiman SA, Mohamad Noordin N, Muttalif AR, et al. Tobacco use prevalence, knowledge, and attitudes among newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients in Penang State and Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Tob Induc Dis 2010;8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1617-9625-8-3.10.1186/1617-9625-8-3Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

47. Bay V, Tabarsi P, Rezapour A, Marzban S, Zarei E. Cost of tuberculosis treatment: evidence from Iran’s health system. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2017;8(5):351–7.10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.5.09Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

48. Tahseen S, Shahnawaz H, Riaz U, Khanzada FM, Hussain A, Aslam W, et al. Systematic case finding for tuberculosis in HIV-infected people who inject drugs: experience from Pakistan. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018;22(2):187–93.10.5588/ijtld.17.0390Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

49. Masjedi MR, Hosseini M, Aryanpur M, Mortaz E, Tabarsi P, Soori H, et al. The effects of smoking on treatment outcome in patients newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2017;21(3):351–6.10.5588/ijtld.16.0513Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

50. Ariffin F, Zubaidi AA, Yasin MM, Ishak R. Management of pulmonary tuberculosis in health clinics in the Gombak district: how are we doing so far? Malays Fam Physician 2015;10(1):26–33.Suche in Google Scholar

Supplementary Material

The online version of this article offers supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2018-0026).

Received: 2018-05-15
Accepted: 2018-08-16
Published Online: 2018-10-16
Published in Print: 2018-12-19

©2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Editorial
  3. Risk factors for poor health in indigenous communities
  4. Review Articles
  5. Emerging public health threat of e-waste management: global and Indian perspective
  6. Exposure to persistent organic pollutants: impact on women’s health
  7. Review of built and natural environment stressors impacting American-Indian/Alaska-Native children
  8. Plastic waste as a significant threat to environment – a systematic literature review
  9. Demographic, socio-economic and behavior as risk factors of tuberculosis in Malaysia: a systematic review of the literature
  10. Application of lactic acid derived from food waste on pathogen inactivation in fecal sludge: a review on the alternative use of food waste
  11. Mini Reviews
  12. Impact of ambient air temperature on human health in India
  13. Influence of climate and environmental change in Nigeria: a review on vulnerability and adaptation to climate change
  14. Letter to the Editor
  15. Letter to the Editor concerning the paper “A novel database of bio-effects from non-ionizing radiation”
https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2018-0026
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
behavioral; demographic; risk factors; socio-economic; tuberculosis

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Editorial
  3. Risk factors for poor health in indigenous communities
  4. Review Articles
  5. Emerging public health threat of e-waste management: global and Indian perspective
  6. Exposure to persistent organic pollutants: impact on women’s health
  7. Review of built and natural environment stressors impacting American-Indian/Alaska-Native children
  8. Plastic waste as a significant threat to environment – a systematic literature review
  9. Demographic, socio-economic and behavior as risk factors of tuberculosis in Malaysia: a systematic review of the literature
  10. Application of lactic acid derived from food waste on pathogen inactivation in fecal sludge: a review on the alternative use of food waste
  11. Mini Reviews
  12. Impact of ambient air temperature on human health in India
  13. Influence of climate and environmental change in Nigeria: a review on vulnerability and adaptation to climate change
  14. Letter to the Editor
  15. Letter to the Editor concerning the paper “A novel database of bio-effects from non-ionizing radiation”
Jetzt anmelden und 20% sparen
Institutioneller Zugang
Wie funktioniert Authentifizierung?
Haben Sie eine Idee, wie wir unsere Website verbessern können?
Bitte schreiben Sie uns.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Heruntergeladen am 9.9.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/reveh-2018-0026/pdf
Button zum nach oben scrollen